Sunday, November 15, 2015

Vampire Fangs Facts

                             [1]The Vampyreverse

                         [2]The Facts About Vampires

                             [3]The Vampyreverse



                              Vampire Dentition


   Vampire dentition really varies very little from the basic human set -
   the canine tooth, designed for tearing, is replaced by a fang, for
   puncturing and injecting^1.

   Like certain reptiles, vampire fangs are slightly erectile, allowing
   for comfort and clear diction when the fangs are not required.
   The Vampire Mouth

   Vampire fangs have a hypodermic function which is under the vampire's
   conscious control. Various substances may be injected.
   Vampire Fang

   In order to consume the high proportion of the victim's blood that
   leads to 'bloodless' corpses, there must be a powerful anticoagulant,
   to enable the vampire to suck the blood quickly, cleanly, and without
   it clotting.

   It is likely, but not confirmed, that a muscle relaxant, probably
   related to suxamethonium, is employed to reduce the victim's struggles
   and prevent them calling for help. This fast-acting agent could be
   sufficient to ensure a quick and painless death,when used in
   combination with catastophic blood loss.

   It has been suggested that an array of enzymes can be employed; for
   example, clotting agents to reverse the anticoagulant, for those
   selected not to die. It is conceivable that neurotoxins are employed,
   to ensure death even if the vampire is disturbed^2.

   There is much confusion about vampire fangs; many believe the blood is
   extracted via the fangs; this is almost certainly not correct.

   The amount of blood, even anticoagulated blood, that could be taken in
   this way is simply insufficient; it is almost certain that the fangs
   are used to pierce and inject; the blood is literally sucked out of the
   wounds and swallowed.

Vampirification

   In selected victims, the aim is to start the process of
   vampirification, rather than to kill; in such cases, the Vampire will
   deliberately deliver a dose of the virus that does the job, probably by
   releasing some vampire blood into the candidate^3.

   It is believed that while the vampire will also feed on these
   occasions, it is careful not to gorge; the intention is to lull
   suspicion - the victim will appear to exhibit the same symptoms as any
   'normal' victim, and will appear to 'die', thus ensuring it will have
   time to complete the transformation.

   Seebohm suggests that another reason for the vampire feeding off a
   candidate, is to ensure that it wakes with a hunger; hunger enough for
   it to overcome its initial revulsion at its new style of eating^1.

References

    1. Seebohm, S. J. (1973) False Notions of False Teeth; Analyzing A
       Feeding Frenzy. Vampyr Notes. 59; 7, 23-29.
    2. Poot G., Poot H., Poot J.K., (Deceased) (1995) Vampire Anatomy:
       Deductions From Incomplete Records. Cryptozoology Research 31; 1,
       34-39
    3. Maudala P., (1988) Vampirification, Chemicals and Control: Diet and
       Delivery. Cryptozoology Research 24; 10, 44-48

40 Interesting Facts About . . .

Vampires

   [INS: :INS]
    1. Many scholars argue the word “vampire” is either from the Hungarian
       vampir or from the Turkish upior, upper, upyr meaning “witch.”
       Other scholars argue the term derived from the Greek word “to
       drink” or from the Greek nosophoros meaning “plague carrier.” It
       may also derive from the Serbian Bamiiup or the Serbo-Crotian
       pirati. There are many terms for “vampire” found across cultures,
       suggesting that vampires are embedded in human consciousness.^b
    2. A group a vampires has variously been called a clutch, brood,
       coven, pack, or a clan.^f
    3. Probably the most famous vampire of all time, Count Dracula, quoted
       Deuteronomy 12:23: “The blood is the life.”^f
    4. The Muppet vampire, Count von Count from Sesame Street, is based on
       actual vampire myth. One way to supposedly deter a vampire is to
       throw seeds (usually mustard) outside a door or place fishing net
       outside a window. Vampires are compelled to count the seeds or the
       holes in the net, delaying them until the sun comes up.^b


   [home_blank.gif]


    dolmens
    [home_blank.gif]
    Celtic for “stone tables,“ dolmens may have been placed over graves to
    keep vampires from rising
    [home_blank.gif]

    5. Prehistoric stone monuments called “dolmens” have been found over
       the graves of the dead in northwest Europe. Anthropologists
       speculate they have been placed over graves to keep vampires from
       rising.^c
    6. A rare disease called porphyria (also called the "vampire" or
       "Dracula" disease) causes vampire-like symptoms, such as an extreme
       sensitivity to sunlight and sometimes hairiness. In extreme cases,
       teeth might be stained reddish brown, and eventually the patient
       may go mad.^c
    7. Documented medical disorders that people accused of being a vampire
       may have suffered from include haematodipsia, which is a sexual
       thirst for blood, and hemeralopia or day blindness. Anemia
       (“bloodlessness”) was often mistaken for a symptom of a vampire
       attack.^f

   [home_blank.gif]


   Elizabeth Bathory
   [home_blank.gif]
   Considered a "true" vampire, Elizabeth Bathory supposedly bathed in the
   blood of young virgins
   [home_blank.gif]

    8. One of the most famous “true vampires” was Countess Elizabeth
       Bathory (1560-1614) who was accused of biting the flesh of girls
       while torturing them and bathing in their blood to retain her
       youthful beauty. She was by all accounts a very attractive woman.^f
    9. Vampire legends may have been based on Vlad of Walachia, also known
       as Vlad the Impaler (c. 1431-1476). He had a habit of nailing hats
       to people’s heads, skinning them alive, and impaling them on
       upright stakes. He also liked to dip bread into the blood of his
       enemies and eat it. His name, Vlad, means son of the dragon or
       Dracula, who has been identified as the historical Dracula. Though
       Vlad the Impaler was murdered in 1476, his tomb is reported
       empty.^f
   10. One of the earliest accounts of vampires is found in an ancient
       Sumerian and Babylonian myth dating to 4,000 B.C. which describes
       ekimmu or edimmu (one who is snatched away). The ekimmu is a type
       of uruku or utukku (a spirit or demon) who was not buried properly
       and has returned as a vengeful spirit to suck the life out of the
       living.^a
   11. According to the Egyptian text the Pert em Hru (Egyptian Book of
       the Dead), if the ka (one of the five parts of the soul) does not
       receive particular offerings, it ventures out of its tomb as a kha
       to find nourishment, which may include drinking the blood of the
       living. In addition, the Egyptian goddess Sekhmet was known to
       drink blood. The ancient fanged goddess Kaliof India also had a
       powerful desire for blood.^a
   12. Chinese vampires were called a ch’iang shih (corpse-hopper) and had
       red eyes and crooked claws. They were said to have a strong sexual
       drive that led them to attack women. As they grew stronger, the
       ch’iang shih gained the ability to fly, grew long white hair, and
       could also change into a [11]wolf.^a
   13. While both vampires and zombies generally belong to the “undead,”
       there are differences between them depending on the mythology from
       which they emerged. For example, zombies tend to have a lower IQ
       than vampires, prefer brains and flesh rather than strictly blood,
       are immune to garlic, most likely have a reflection in the mirror,
       are based largely in African myth, move more slowly due to rotting
       muscles, can enter churches, and are not necessarily afraid of fire
       or sunlight.^f
   14. Vampire hysteria and corpse mutilations to “kill” suspected
       vampires were so pervasive in Europe during the mid-eighteenth
       century that some rulers created laws to prevent the unearthing of
       bodies. In some areas, mass hysteria led to public executions of
       people believed to be vampires.^b
   15. The first full work of fiction about a vampire in English was John
       Polidori’s influential The Vampyre, which was published incorrectly
       under Lord Byron’s name. Polidori (1795-1821) was Byron’s doctor
       and based his vampire on Byron.^f
   16. The first vampire movie is supposedly Secrets of House No. 5 in
       1912. F.W. Murnau’s silent black-and-white Nosferatu came soon
       after, in 1922. However, it was Tod Browning’s Dracula—with the
       erotic, charming, cape- and tuxedo-clad aristocrat played by Bela
       Lugosi—that became the hallmark of vampire movies and literature.^f
   17. A vampire supposedly has control over the animal world and can turn
       into a bat, rat, owl, moth, fox, or wolf.^c
   18. In 2009, a sixteenth-century female skull with a rock wedged in its
       mouth was found near the remains of plague victims. It was not
       unusual during that century to shove a rock or brick in the mouth
       of a suspected vampire to prevent it from feeding on the bodies of
       other plague victims or attacking the living. Female vampires were
       also often blamed for spreading the bubonic plague throughout
       Europe.^d
   19. Joseph Sheridan Le Fany’s gothic 1872 novella about a female
       vampire, “Carmilla,” is considered the prototype for female and
       lesbian vampires and greatly influenced Bram Stoker’s own Dracula.
       In the story, Carmilla is eventually discovered as a vampire and,
       true to folklore remedies, she is staked in her blood-filled
       coffin, beheaded, and cremated.^f
   20. Bram Stoker’s Dracula (1897) remains an enduring influence on
       vampire mythology and has never gone out of print. Some scholars
       say it is clearly a Christian allegory; others suggest it contains
       covert psycho-sexual anxieties reflective of the Victorian era.^k
   21. According to several legends, if someone was bitten by a suspected
       vampire, he or she should drink the ashes of a burned vampire. To
       prevent an attack, a person should make bread with the blood of
       vampire and eat it.^f

 [home_blank.gif]


                  threshold
                  [home_blank.gif]
                  Without an invitation, vampires in most legends cannot cross a
                  threshold
                  [home_blank.gif]

   22. Thresholds have historically held significant symbolic value, and a
       vampire cannot cross a threshold unless invited. The connection
       between threshold and vampires seems to be a concept of complicity
       or allowance. Once a commitment is made to allow evil, evil can
       re-enter at any time.^b
   23. Before Christianity, methods of repelling vampires included garlic,
       hawthorn branches, rowan trees (later used to make crosses),
       scattering of seeds, fire, decapitation with a gravedigger’s spade,
       salt (associated with preservation and purity), iron, bells, a
       rooster’s crow, peppermint, running water, and burying a suspected
       vampire at a crossroads. It was also not unusual for a corpse to be
       buried face down so it would dig down the wrong way and become lost
       in the earth.^f
   24. After the advent of Christianity, methods of repelling vampires
       began to include holy water, crucifixes, and Eucharist wafers.
       These methods were usually not fatal to the vampire, and their
       effectiveness depended on the belief of the user.^f
   25. Garlic, a traditional vampire repellent, has been used as a form of
       protection for over 2,000 years. The ancient Egyptians believed
       garlic was a gift from God, Roman soldiers thought it gave them
       courage, sailors believed it protected them from shipwreck, and
       German miners believed it protected them from evil spirits when
       they went underground. In several cultures, brides carried garlic
       under their clothes for protection, and cloves of garlic were used
       to protect people from a wide range of illnesses. Modern-day
       scientists found that the oil in garlic, allicin, is a highly
       effective antibiotic.^k
   26. That sunlight can kill vampires seems to be a modern invention,
       perhaps started by the U.S. government to scare superstitious
       guerrillas in the Philippines in the 1950s. While sunlight can be
       used by vampires to kill other vampires, as in Ann Rice’s popular
       novel Interview with a Vampire, other vampires such as Lord Ruthven
       and Varney were able to walk in daylight.^f
   27. The legend that vampires must sleep in coffins probably arose from
       reports of gravediggers and morticians who described corpses
       suddenly sitting up in their graves or coffins. This eerie
       phenomenon could be caused by the decomposing process.^c
   28. According to some legends, a vampire may engage in [12]sex with his
       former wife, which often led to [13]pregnancy. In fact, this belief
       may have provided a convenient explanation as to why a widow, who
       was supposed to be celibate, became pregnant. The resulting child
       was called a gloglave (pl. glog) in Bulgarian or vampirdzii in
       Turkish. Rather than being ostracized, the child was considered a
       hero who had powers to slay a vampire.^f
   29. The Twilight book series (Twilight, New Moon, Eclipse, and Breaking
       Dawn) by Stephanie Meyers has also become popular with movie-goers.
       Meyers admits that she did not research vampire mythology. Indeed,
       her vampires break tradition in several ways. For example, garlic,
       holy items, and sunlight do not harm them. Some critics praise the
       book for capturing teenage feelings of sexual tension and
       alienation.^i

   [home_blank.gif]


        vampire
        [home_blank.gif]
        Hollywood vampires often differ drastically from folklore vampires
        [home_blank.gif]

   30. [14]Hollywood and literary vampires typically deviate from folklore
       vampires. For example, Hollywood vampires are typically pale,
       aristocratic, very old, need their native soil, are supernaturally
       beautiful, and usually need to be bitten to become a vampire. In
       contrast, folklore vampires (before Bram Stoker) are usually
       peasants, recently dead, initially appear as shapeless “bags of
       blood,” do not need their native soil, and are often cremated with
       or without being staked.^f
   31. Folklore vampires can become vampires not only through a bite, but
       also if they were once a werewolf, practiced sorcery, were
       excommunicated, committed [15]suicide, were an illegitimate child
       of parents who were illegitimate, or were still born or died before
       baptism. In addition, anyone who has eaten the flesh of a sheep
       killed by a wolf, was a seventh son, was the child of a pregnant
       woman who was looked upon by a vampire, was a nun who stepped over
       an unburied body, had teeth when they were born, or had a cat jump
       on their corpse before being buried could also turn into
       vampires.^f
   32. In vampire folklore, a vampire initially emerges as a soft blurry
       shape with no bones. He was “bags of blood” with red, glowing eyes
       and, instead of a nose, had a sharp snout that he sucked blood
       with. If he could survive for 40 days, he would then develop bones
       and a body and become much more dangerous and difficult to kill.^f
   33. While blood drinking isn’t enough to define a vampire, it is an
       overwhelming feature. In some cultures, drinking the blood of a
       victim allowed the drinker to absorb their victim’s strength, take
       on an animal’s quality, or even make a woman more fecund. The color
       red is also involved in many vampire rituals.^k
   34. In some vampire folktales, vampires can marry and move to another
       city where they take up jobs suitable for vampires, such as
       butchers, barbers, and tailors. That they become butchers may be
       based on the analogy that butchers are a descendants of the
       “sacrificer.”^c
   35. Certain regions in the Balkans believed that fruit, such as
       pumpkins or watermelons, would become vampires if they were left
       out longer than 10 days or not consumed by Christmas. Vampire
       pumpkins or watermelons generally were not feared because they do
       not have teeth. A drop of blood on a fruit's skin is a sign that it
       is about to turn into a vampire.^e
   36. Mermaids can also be vampires—but instead of sucking blood, they
       suck out the breath of their victims.^e
   37. By the end of the twentieth century, over 300 motion pictures were
       made about vampires, and over 100 of them featured Dracula. Over
       1,000 vampire novels were published, most within the past 25
       years.^k
   38. The most popular vampire in children’s fiction in recent years had
       been Bunnicula, the cute little rabbit that lives a happy existence
       as a vegetarian vampire.^g
   39. Some historians argue that Prince Charles is a direct descendant of
       the Vlad the Impaler, the son of Vlad Dracula.^h
   40. The best known recent development of vampire mythology is Buffy the
       Vampire Slayer and its spin-off, Angel. Buffy is interesting
       because it contemporizes vampirism in the very real,
       twentieth-century world of a teenager vampire slayer played by
       Sarah Michelle Gellar and her “Scooby gang.” It is also notable
       because the show has led to the creation of “Buffy Studies” in
       academia.^k

                                                     -- Posted May 2, 2009

   References

   ^a Bartlett, Wayne and Flavia Idriceanu. 2006. Legends of Blood: The
   Vampire in History and Myth. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.

   ^b Dundes, Alan. 1998. The Vampire: A Case Book. Madison, WI:
   University of Wisconsin Press.

   ^c Greer, John Michael. Monsters. 2001. Woodbury, MN: Llewellyn
   Worldwide.

   ^d Gusman, Jessica. “[16]Medieval Vampire Skull Found Near Venice.”
   HuffingtonPost.com. March 11, 2009. Accessed: April 23, 2009.

   ^e Illes, Judith. 2009. Encyclopedia of Spirits: The Ultimate Guide to
   the Magic Fairies, Genies, Demons, Ghosts, Gods, and Goddesses. New
   York, NY: HarperOne.

   ^f Melton, J. Gordon. 1999. The Vampire Book: The Encyclopedia of the
   Dead. Farmington Hills, MI: Visible Ink Press.

   ^g -----.1998. The Vampire Gallery: Who’s Who of the Undead. Farmington
   Hills, MI: Visible Ink Press.

   ^h Russo, Arlene. 2008. Vampire Nation. Woodbury, MN: Llewellyn
   Worldwide.

   ^i TheTimes.com. “[17]New-Age Vampires Stake Their Claim.” January 12,
   2006. Accessed: April 23, 2009.

   ^j Webster, Richard. 2008. The Encyclopedia of Superstitions. Woodbury,
   MN: Llewellyn Worldwide.
   ^k Williamson, Milly. 2005. The Lure of the Vampire: Gender, Fiction,
   and Fandom from Bram Stoker to Buffy. London, UK: Wallflower Press.
   Copyright © 2007-2015 Random History.com   |   [18]All Histories &
   Facts  |   [19]Using Information on this Site  |   [20]Privacy
   Policy  |


                                    Blood
   Blood has been a symbol of life since very ancient times. The blood in
   our veins has always been iconic of our continuing life. To lose too
   much blood is to lose consciousness, breath, and eventually, our very
   lives. If a person or animal is already dead and is cut open, blood
   does not flow. Only the living have blood that flows. Blood has been
   used throughout the ages as a ceremonial sacrifice. In pagan times our
   forefathers worshipped their gods with blood sacrifice. And today,
   indeed, we are not so different. Even in modern times, in our churches,
   there are those taking communion or the Eucharist, and drinking of the
   wine that symbolizes Christ's blood.
   It seems appropriate, then, that this creature who is an antithesis of
   both death and life should gain his strength from feeding from the
   life's blood of humans. For the vampire, the drinking of blood is its
   life, its sustenance, and the single thing that makes it identifiable
   all around the world, regardless of the culture in which you were
   raised or the language you speak.
   As the scientific nature of man progressed, he began to abandon his God
   in favour of logic and reason. In this the vampire tale was no
   different. As the nineteenth century drew to a close and the twentieth
   century approached, reason began to enter vampire literature.
   Scientific reasoning was applied in an attempt to justify the vampiric
   need for blood. In many literary instances it was linked to anemia, and
   blood loss. In Bram Stoker's Dracula, Van Helsing prescribed a blood
   transfusion for Lucy, in an attempt to divest her of the vampire blood
   in her body.

                           [11]Back to top of Page

                                    Fangs
   Most vampires (although not neccessarily all, depending on whom you
   ask) require blood to survive. Fangs, it is commonly thought in the
   animal kingdom, make it easier for mammals to tear open the flesh of
   their prey. In terms of the vampire, it would make feeding far easier.
   Yet not all folkloric or even fictional vampires are fanged. Historic
   accounts of vampires rarely mentionfangs, and even Bela Lugosi's
   portrayal of Dracula in 1931 was done sans fang.
   As cinematic prowess increased and the movie industry was able to do
   more with special effects, a new vampiric ability evolved. In movies
   today it is common to see the vampire with retractable canine fangs.
   This allows him to circulate with humans more easily; with the fangs
   retracted, he is more easily perceived as human. In the Canadian
   television series Forever Knight, the main vampire character, Nick, has
   fangs that only protrude when his dark, vampiric nature is unleashed.

                           [12]Back to top of Page

                                 Fingernails
   In European and Slavic history, fingernails were thought to be one of
   the tell-tale signs that a corpse was a vampire. Vampires were thought
   to lose their old nails and grow new ones upon their entry to the
   vampiric world. An exhumed body that lacked nails or had grown new ones
   was summarily staked, and very often burned or reburied with garlic to
   seal the corpse within the ground.
   In modern literature, many vampire novels have mentioned fingernails
   specifically. Two of the most common of these are Dracula and Anne
   Rice's Vampire Chronicles. In Dracula, Jonathan Harker notices that
   Dracula's "nails were long and fine, and cut to a sharp point." When
   Dracula later opened a wound on his chest for Mina Murray to drink his
   blood, he did so with these sharp, pointed nails. In Anne Rice's
   Vampire Chronicles, Louis and Lestat both mention the glassy appearance
   of their fingernails, so different from that of humans. Many times it
   was something that they take care to hide.

                           [13]Back to top of Page

                                    Hair
   The histories of both European and Slavic vampire hunts also show hair
   growth as a sign of vampirism, although this sign was generally not
   found unless the corpse also displayed many other traits thought to be
   associated with a vampire.
   Modern cinema tends not to deal with the subject of hair, as a rule.
   One notable exception is Interview With the Vampire. The vampire child
   Claudia shears off all her hair in a rage, only to find that it grows
   back in seconds.

                           [14]Back to top of Page

                                Reproduction
   The term Dhampir in modern folklore refers to the offspring of a
   vampire and a human mate, traditionally a male vampire mating with a
   human female. This offspring was normally male. The dhampir was thought
   to have special qualities. He could sense where vampires hid themselves
   from the world, and therefore he had the ability to be a superb vampire
   hunter. These qualities would be passed down genetically to his
   offspring, and it was thought to last many generations.
   As well, the terms incubus and succubus refer to vampires who perform a
   sexual attack upon their intended victims, and it was likely these
   types of vampires who produced offspring. However, references to
   exactly how (!) this was accomplished is very scarce.

                           [15]Back to top of Page

                                   Senses
   In modern literature, a vampire's sense of vision is thought to be very
   acute. This is largely due to the fact that they are a nocturnal
   creature, and therefore must be able to adapt to their environment. It
   also explains why sunlight is thought to be so painful to their eye.
   Their eyesight has often been attributed to a residue from their
   ability to change into bats (see Shape Changing).
   Many treatments of the topic also state that hearing can be heightened
   in a vampire body. This allows them to hear mortals from a great
   distance (far greater than human ears could pick up) and also to
   discern when another vampire draws near. This is evident in the
   Canadian television program Forever Knight; Nick can hear over great
   distances, and this allows him to capture the criminals he chases.
   Their acute sense of hearing may also be attributed to their nocturnal
   nature; as night hunters, the ability to hunt quietly and hear well
   would be invaluable.

                           [16]Back to top of Page

                               Shape-Changing
   Although there was a small link between shape-changing and vampires for
   hundreds of years, it was not until Dracula that the true connection
   was made. In the novel, Stoker described Dracula as able to change into
   a rat, a bat, or the very mist itself.
   Vampire bats became by far the most common of these shapes a vampire
   could command at will. This could be because vampire bats, by their
   nature, are closely related to the vampire itself. They are nocturnal,
   and feed exclusively off the blood of various mammals and other
   vertebrates. They have very sharp teeth which they use to pierce the
   victim's skin, and then they lap up the blood as it flows. It has also
   been known as an emerging problem; it is a proficient carrier of rabies
   (not unlike the definition of Nosferatu, which itself mean
   plague-carrier).
   The ability to transform at will into mist has brought many advantages
   to the vampire, allowing him to escape vampire hunters and other
   dangers quickly. In addition, mist (in some cases) has allowed the
   vampire to move great distances at one time.

                           [17]Back to top of Page

                                    Skin
   Historically, vampire skin was dark instead of the alabaster skin we
   see today in film. Paul Barber, author of "Vampires, Burial and Death",
   suggests that this is becuase suspected "vampires" were actually
   corpses decomposing in their graves. Skin naturally turns darker and
   sloughs off the bone as the body decomposes. This may account for many
   reports in medieval Europe of vampires "growing new skin".
   Today, vampire skin is by nature very white and smooth. This is likely
   due to the fact that these creatures are nocturnal, and never get to
   see the sun. Their skin therefore gets bleached over time. Also, the
   vampire is an undead creature, and unless he has recently fed, there is
   a lack of colour-giving blood in his body.
   In The Vampire Chronicles, Anne Rice describes the vampire skin as
   nearly transparent when the vampire is starved for blood. After
   feeding, they attain a healthier, more human skin tone, but this is a
   temporary change. Lestat mentions on several occasions having to powder
   his skin to pass for human.

                           [18]Back to top of Page

                                  Strength
   The vampire came by its supernatural strength through modern film and
   literature. Vampires, historically, were not know for their great
   strength; they normally attacked only "weaker" victims, such as
   children or the elderly. They never attacked a group of people for fear
   of being overcome. However, the modern view of vampires have allowed
   them a certain arrogance, knowing that no mere mortal could overpower
   them. Many of the personality traits that we have come to so adore in
   the vampire today are a result of this arrogance, knowing that they are
   truly immortal but for a few weaknesses.

                           [19]Back to top of Page

                          www.Vampirewebsite.NET


   [1]Energy Vampires [2]How to find a real vampire [3]Knowing if you are
   a real vampire [4]Telling your friends [5]Approaching a real vampire
   [6]Vampire friendly bars/clubs [7]Super Infection [8]The new code
   [9]Vampire jokes [10]A sobering moment from my past
   [11]Letter from a real slayer [12]The truth about real slayers
   [13]Recognising a real slayer [14]How to get blood [15]Vampire
   Community
   [16]Links to other good websites [17]Comments and e-mails [18]Real
   vampire questions and answers [19]Psychic Energy Abilities [20]How to
   get turned into a vampire


                Real vampire myths, exaggerations, and facts

 
    This page is here to help you separate the myths from the facts about
   vampires. As it is often true about other things, most fiction is based
         on some fact. So for those things this page will also cover
     exaggerations about real vampires. The things that you will find on
      this page are not up for debate, although there are a lot of self
   proclaimed vampires that will no doubt argue with some things that are
     on here, because they falsely believe themselves to be vampires and
     think that since it isn't true for them that it isn't true for real
   vampires. However if it wasn’t accurate about real vampires, I would
                  not have it on this real vampire website.

     If you know of any myths, or possibly things that you believe to be
    fact about real vampires, [21]e-mail me no matter how odd or hard to
                         believe that they may seem.


   The vampire myth/claim/belief myth, exaggeration, or fact, The real
   vampire explanation in detail.
   Real vampires don’t need blood, they only need some part of blood, or
   just energy.

                                    myth

   A real vampire needs blood, but doesn’t need it for a psychological or
           medical reason, and at the same time gets a few perks.

   For those who believe that having just an [22]energy problem makes them
   a vampire, try looking into the classic symptoms for Hypochondria,
   [23]Psychotic Depression, Reinfelds, Depression, [24]Hypothyroidism,
   [25]Insomnia, [26]Sleep apnea, [27]Chronic Fatigue Syndrome aka CFS,
   [28]Fibromyalgia, Eating disorders, damage obesity does to the body,
   [29]Porphyria, blood fetish, hemophilia, [30]Myasthenia gravis, and
   [31]Anemia, just to name a few. In other words if you think you are a
   vampire and your reason for thinking it is that you feel low on energy
   often, or for others who even have the thought that you need blood to
   feel normal. Then contrary to what people in the "[32]vampire
   community" tell you, go see a medical professional, this includes the
   combination of seeing a psychologist and some one with a PHD and get
   checked. Not to mention if it was an energy reason, animal’s blood
   would not work half as well as it does.
   Those who think blood is just a matter of being a nutritional source
   for real vampires. Keep in mind that nutritional supplement drinks
   today have much higher amounts of the nutrients and minerals that a
   person’s body needs than blood has. Nutritional supplements don’t have
   the same effects for real vampires as blood does for real vampires
   there for it is not a simple case of nutrition.
   Real vampires can fly

                                    myth

             Real vampires can't fly, and neither can superman.

   Do you believe every thing that you see in movies, or just the things
   that you see in vampire movies?
   Sunlight kills real vampires

                            extreme exaggeration

                     Sunlight won't kill a real vampire.

   However due to a heightened sensitivity to it, just like we have with
   basically everything else. It does cause an uncomfortable burn like
   feel, almost like what a normal person feels while they have sunburn.
   That feeling happens well before we have sunburn at all. It also makes
   us sunburn more quickly, and get severe migraines. Not to mention is
   very uncomfortable to a real vampires eyes, at times even while in a
   shadow during overcast weather. Getting blood on a regular basis helps
   counter this very effectively and for the average vampires it blocks
   the suns effects for about 2-3 days.
   Real vampires are undead

                                    myth

        Real vampires are not undead creatures nor are they monsters.

   This myth most likely comes from the Dracula stories that are only
   barely based on the real Romanian hero Vlad, and or from the medical
   condition known as [33]Catalepsy.
   Story goes Vlads death, happened at a fairly young age due to his own
   brother betraying him, resulting in his brother helping kill Vlad by
   encasing him in a casket and letting him die buried alive. After the
   clergy that used Vlad's brother as a pawn to make this happen knew that
   Vlad was dead, they made it quite clear to his brother what he had just
   done. The claim of vampires being undead branches from Vlad bones
   apparently not existing inside of the casket that he was buried alive
   in. Truth is the bones would not be in there because his brother after
   learning the truth would have dug him up, then given him a new casket
   and a proper burial to honor his brother Vlad.
   This story in itself couldn’t be farther from the truth, For the true
   story about [34]Vlad Tepes click the link.
   Real vampires kill people for food or for blood.

                                    myth

   Real vampires today do not kill people for blood or for food. All real
   vampires for at least the past few decades receive blood only from
   willing donors while causing the very minimum amount of pain and in a
   lot of cases no pain at all. Back when superstitions, fears of witches,
   vampires, werewolves, zombies and other monsters ran rampant, basically
   back when it would have been impossible to get a willing donor, and
   forensics was virtually nonexistent real vampires distant ancestors
   most likely did kill for blood, however that no longer happens and
   hasn't happened for quite some time.
   Real vampires have fangs

                                    myth

   Lots of places and things say this about vampires. It’s hard to say
   where it comes from, however that doesn't make it true. It could also
   come from every natural carnivore and every scary monster notoriously
   having big canines. Semi related real vampire’s canines do seem to get
   sharper by themselves when needed, however they are not insanely long
   and they do not grow.
   Real vampires sleep in coffins / caskets

                                    myth

   Real vampires don’t actually sleep in coffins, that’s a myth based on
   the idea of vampires being undead.
   Real vampires don't need sleep

                                    myth

   Real vampires do need sleep, and we do it in normal beds like everybody
   else does.
   Real vampires only need blood, and don't / can't eat normal food

                                    myth

   Real vampires can eat everything that normal people can eat, and real
   vampires don't live on just blood.
   Real vampires are immortal

                            extreme exaggeration

   Real vampires are far from being immortal. However, we do age
   noticeably slower and we do survive a lot of things but not everything
   that a normal person should not be able to survive.
    

Vampire Facts and Fiction

   The only real vampires are vampire bats that are native to Central and
   South America. Vampires, such as Desmodus rotundus, are flying mammals
   that feed on the blood of birds and cattle. Bats are nocturnal and have
   big ears that help them navigate in darkness using the echoes of their
   high-pitched vocalizations. Sharp incisors allow vampires to puncture
   the skin of their victims painlessly. The saliva of vampire bats
   contains a glycoprotein composed of 411 amino acids called draculin
   (named after Count Dracula) that acts as an anticoagulant and keeps the
   blood of the bitten victim from clotting while the bat laps up the
   blood with its tongue. Bats are sometimes vectors of diseases such as
   rabies. Vampire bats establish colonies in caves, hollow trees and
   other cool, dark places.
     Vampire Bat

   Vampire folklore
   Since antiquity, there have been stories of beings that live by sucking
   the blood of living creatures. The term "vampire" was popularized in
   Eastern European legends in the 18th century. In 1819, John Polidori
   wrote The Vampyre, a novella that described a sophisticated and
   charismatic vampire. In this story, the vampire is a seducer of women
   whom he kills by draining them of blood. The vampire is able to recover
   from wounds that would kill an ordinary person.

   In 1845, a serialized gothic horror story called Varney the Vampire, or
   the Feast of Blood was published by James Malcolm Rymer. In this story,
   the vampire has fangs and leaves the characteristic puncture wounds on
   the necks of his victims. The vampire is also extremely strong and has
   hypnotic powers. Unlike vampires that came later, Varney the vampire
   was not harmed by sunlight and was not repulsed by crucifixes or
   garlic.

   Dracula
   Irish author Bram Stoker published the novel Dracula in 1897. The novel
   tells the story of Count Dracula and his attempt to relocate from
   Transylvania to England. Transylvania is a historical region in the
   central part of Romania that was conquered by the Romans and later by
   various tribes, including the Magyars that established Hungary.
   Transylvania has beautiful mountainous landscapes and many antique
   castles and fortresses.
   Bela Lugosi as Dracula
   Bela Lugosi as Dracula

   In 1931, the book by Stoker was adapted for a film where the Hungarian
   actor Bela Lugosi played the role of Count Dracula. Bela Lugosi had
   experience with this role because he had portrayed Count Dracula in a
   1927 Broadway production that had 261 performances.
   Attributes of vampires:
     * Vampires need blood to survive and stay young
     * Vampires do not cast a shadow and do not have a reflection in a
       mirror
     * Vampires will die if exposed to sunlight
     * Vampires sleep in sealed coffins during the day
     * Vampires are extremely strong
     * The bite of a vampire will cause the victim to turn into a vampire
     * The bite of a vampire leaves two puncture marks by the aorta in the
       neck
     * Vampires can be repelled by exposing them to a crucifix or to
       garlic
     * Vampires can be killed by driving an oak stake through their heart

   [43]Product Specials
   [44]Dracula Costume
   [45]Costumes
    [46] Sesame Street Muppet
   [47]Muppets
    [48] Breakfast Cereal
   [49]Breakfast Cereals

   Vampires in modern life
   The lore of vampires is a very prevalent theme in modern society. Many
   people participate in the macabre traditions of literary vampires by
   wearing gothic makeup and vampire costumes during Halloween. Typical
   gothic fashion includes dyed black hair, dark eyeliner, black
   fingernails and black clothing in the style of the Elizabethan,
   Victorian or medieval period. The character of Count Dracula portrayed
   by Bela Lugosi is also parodied by Count von Count who is a vampire
   Muppet on the Sesame Street television show. The Count is compulsive
   about counting and he will count everything regardless of how much he
   annoys those around him. When he finishes counting, the Count laughs
   and announces his total to the accompaniment of thunder and a flash of
   lightning. A cartoon vampire called Count Chocula is used to promote a
   General Mills chocolate-flavored frosted cereal with marshmallow bats.
   A television show called The Vampire Diaries is a long-running
   supernatural drama series about two vampire brothers who battle for a
   beautiful girl and the control of an entire town.
   [INS: :INS]
 

Vampire Fangs - Vampire Teeth

   Are you shopping for Vampire Fangs? Let me tell you, the one thing that
   all [2]sexy vampires need are pointy canine teeth. How can you eat
   without them? So if you plan on dressing as a vampire for Halloween, or
   for any other kind of occasion, then the number one accessory you will
   need are fake fangs - yes, some nice pointy vampire teeth.

   Thanks to the abundance of vampire movies, TV shows, books, etc.
   vampire fangs have gotten much more realistic over the years - you
   don't have to wear those really bad vampire teeth that were all one
   piece like we wore when we were kids - unless you want to. In fact, now
   you have the opportunity to choose from lifelike vampire teeth,
   glittery hip hop bling vampire teeth, tiny caps to attach to your own
   teeth and even Retractable Vampire Fangs. Super Fancy.
     __________________________________________________________________

   And it just so happens that we have a pretty big selection of them for
   you to choose from. And if we get the chance, we'll add more as time
   goes on, but for now we do have a pretty good selection of fake fangs
   above.

   So, whatever you are in the mood for, no matter what kind of vampire
   you want to be, we probably have a set of fangs for you. No matter
   whether you're a more urban vampire, a more traditional vampire or
   something else all together, I think you'll be happy with the selection
   of vamp fangs that we have gathered together here. Now have some fun!
     __________________________________________________________________

   [3]Return from Vampire Fangs to Essential Vampire

   "I’m the world’s best predator, aren’t I? Everything about me invites
   you in — my voice, my face, even my smell. As if I need any of that!"
   -- Edward Cullen, Twilight
     * [4]Home

Seek & Find

     * [5]What's New
     * [6]Site Directory
     * [7]Search

History

     * [8]Myths & Legends
     * [9]Folklore
     * [10]Facts
     * [11]Real Vampires

Trivia

     * [12]Famous Characters
     * [13]Famous Females
     * [14]Best Names
     * [15]Quotes
     * [16]Entertainment News

Your Stories

     * [17]Fanfiction

Entertainment

     * [18]Vampire Books
     * [19]Vampire TV Show
     * [20]Vampire Movies
     * [21]Vampire Diaries
     * [22]Vampire Anime

Shopping

     * [23]Vampire Clothes
     * [24]Vampire Fangs
     * [25]Vampire Costume
     * [26]Vampire Posters
     * [27]True Blood Shop


Deer with 'Vampire Fangs' Spotted for 1st Time in Decades

   by Kelly Dickerson, Staff Writer
   Date: 03 November 2014 Time: 04:08 PM ET

   IFRAME:
   [7]//www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livescienc
   e.com%2F48585-fanged-deer-sighting-afghanistan.html&send=false&layout=b
   utton_count&width=450&show_faces=false&font&colorscheme=light&action=li
   ke&height=21&appId=438608976204523

   [8]Tweet
   A recent study found a small group of fanged Kashmir musk deer in
   Afghanistan. The photo shows a Siberian musk deer - a related species
   also found in Asia. A recent study found a small group of fanged
   Kashmir musk deer in Afghanistan. The photo shows a Siberian musk deer
   - a related species also found in Asia.
   CREDIT: Julie Larsen Maher © WCS

   An endangered deer with vampirelike fangs was spotted for the first
   time in nearly 60 years, in a remote forest in northeastern
   Afghanistan.

   The fanged creature is known as the Kashmir musk deer, and it's native
   to the Himalayas of northern India, Pakistan's Kashmir region and
   northern Afghanistan. Only the male [9]deer have fangs, and they use
   them during mating season to compete for females. A team of researchers
   scoured Afghanistan's Nuristan province during 2008 and 2009, and
   recorded five sightings of the animal. This was the first time the
   species had been spotted since 1948. The sightings were described in
   this month's edition of the [10]journal Oryx.

   During the survey, the researchers spotted a single male Kashmir musk
   deer near the same area three separate times. The researchers also
   recorded one female and her baby, and saw a second single female that
   they think may have been the same deer, without her baby. The
   researchers also found the carcass of a poached female deer. [[11]In
   Photos: Wildlife of Afghanistan]

   These musk deer are classified as an endangered species on the
   International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List. Musk-deer
   meat is a local delicacy, but the species is mostly hunted for its
   scent glands that are more valuable by weight than gold — some believe
   the glands have pharmaceutical properties, and they sell for nearly
   $20,455 per pound ($45,000 per kilogram) on the black market, according
   to the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

   Three decades of war have ravaged Nuristan province, and the
   [12]continued violence and political instability make the black-market
   trade of scent glands uncontrollable. Furthermore, the species is
   quickly losing suitable habitat. Recent geological surveys of the area
   show that it has lost about 50 percent of its mountainous forests since
   the 1970s, according to the study.

   "This rare species, along with better-known wildlife, such as snow
   leopards, are the natural heritage of this struggling nation," Peter
   Zahler, deputy director of the Wildlife Conservation Society's Asia
   Programs, [13]said in a statement. "We hope that conditions will
   stabilize soon, to allow WCS and local partners to better evaluate
   conservation needs of this species."

   All of the musk deer were spotted on sheltered rocky outcrops around
   9,843 feet (3,000 meters) high. In the summer, they regularly trek
   along steep slopes that make them almost impossible to approach and
   keep them relatively safe from hunters. However, heavy snowfall in the
   winter drives the species farther down, to more human-accessible
   slopes, and hunters come from all over the country to stalk the deer
   for their valuable scent glands.

   But poaching isn't the only threat this rare [14]Afghan species faces;
   human development has fragmented the musk deer's habitat. They rely on
   mountainous, coniferous forests, but deforestation and human
   settlements are encroaching upon the species' vanishing home.

   Due to violence and unrest, nongovernmental organizations like the
   Wildlife Conservation Society have not been able to operate in the
   Nuristan province since 2010. The WCS maintains contact with locals
   they have trained to survey and search for the musk deer. Once the
   situation in Nuristan improves, the WCS intends to return to the area
   to continue research and to formulate a conservation plan.

   Follow Kelly Dickerson on [15]Twitter. Follow us [16]@livescience,
   [17]Facebook & [18]Google+. Original article on [19]Live Science.

   IFRAME:
   [20]//www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livescien
   ce.com%2F48585-fanged-deer-sighting-afghanistan.html&send=false&layout=
   button_count&width=450&show_faces=false&font&colorscheme=light&action=l
   ike&height=21&appId=438608976204523

   [21]Tweet
     * [22]Images: Endangered Species of the 'Red List'
     * [23]Camera Trapped: Elusive Wildlife Caught in Photos
     * [24]Photos: Best Wild Animal Selfies


[50]Real Vampire Kid with Fangs

   Vampire Kid With Real Fangs – It seems vampires do exist!

   A 16 year old boy from China shocks everyone with his real vampire
   fangs! The entire vampire-believer community was sunned when the boy’s
   mother finally took him to the doctors at this age because
   surprisingly… throughout his entire life the only teeth that he grew
   were two extremely sharp teeth on his upper jaw. Wanna know what the
   doctors had to say about these real vampire teeth? Let’s find out.

   The boy’s mother Wang Hui took her son to the doctors after he spent
   his entire life up till the teen years with just these two extremely
   bizarre teeth. The fangs are a real downside for the 16-year-old Wang
   Pengfei who spent all of his life being labeled as a “freak” by the
   rest of his entourage.

   vampire fangs

   Due to his condition, and the meanness of children towards others who
   are a bit “different”, Wang grew up to be quite secluded from the rest,
   and his mother even said that her son started to attack and even bite
   the other children who whisper behind his back.

   Boy with vampire teeth 3

   The child seemed a bit different since birth. After having delivered
   her son, the mother noticed that her baby had very little hair on his
   body. She paid no attention and thought the issue at stake would
   disappear in time. A couple of months later, the woman was shocked
   again, but this time at the sight of her son’s growing teeth… Or shall
   we say fangs.

   Boy with vampire teeth 2

   How is the Vampire Boy Fang Problem Solved?

   how-to

   Doctors say that due to the boy’s age, he is only eligible for an
   operation to have his bizarre and shocking canines after he turns 18
   and is considered an adult. The downside of the whole matter is the
   fact that the operation costs approximately 7000 pounds which is the
   equivalent of 70,000 to 80,000 Yuan.

   Boy with vampire teeth 1

   Other Cases Of Vampire Boys?

   Simon and george cullen 3

   Meet Simon and George Cullen, no, the Cullen brothers from the famous
   Twilight Saga, but two little brothers from the United Kingdom who are
   called the Vampire Brothers. The two didn’t just get their nickname
   from the name coincidence… Simon and George have a lot of traits that
   will make quite a few people wonder if they are vampires or not.

   Simon and george cullen 2

   These two little boys blister up when they come out into the sun, they
   have a pale complexion, and the oldest boy, Simon only has two canines
   (not as sharp as the little Chinese boy’s fangs, but then again,
   neither did Edward Cullen)

   Simon and George suffer from the so called Vampire syndrome, medically
   known as Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia. Apart from the blistering
   in the Sun, the two also can’t eat solid food because their teeth are
   too soft and might break. This extremely rare genetic disorder also
   causes the boys’ skin to swell and blister up at normal contact with
   any type of powerful light, it prevents them from ever growing a full
   set of teeth and last but not least, people with this condition cannot
   sweat. HED is so extremely rare that only 7,000 people in the world
   suffer from it.

   Simon and george cullen 1

   Due to the fact that they can not sweat, the boys are not allowed to
   play sports, so they spend their whole day inside, playing video games…
   (not very vampireish, but cool nonetheless)

   See the two little vampire boys in the video below:

   Find more amazing stuff on our sister website [51]CoolWeirdo
   If you enjoyed this article please share it.


   Thank you.

   You Might Like This Related Amazing Stuff:
    1. [52]Facebook In Reality-Facebook In Real Life
    2. [53]Weirdest Diseases In The World
    3. [54]Fisherman Catches A Giant Piranha Amazing Video
    4. [55]Alien Truth: Real Photographic Evidence
    5. [56]Real UFO Seen From An Airplane Watch The Amazing Video
    6. [57]Brazilian Man Has Surgery to Get The Face Of A Real Dog
    7. [58]Titanic’s Only Existing Real Footage

   Category Categories: [59]Shocking Things  |  Comments [60]Leave a
   reply.Share your thoughts here.

                                  HOT Posts

Leave a Reply

   [61]Click here to cancel your reply.

   ______________________ Name (required)

   ______________________ Mail (will not be published) (required)


   _______________________________________________________________________
   _______________________________________________________________________
   _______________________________________________________________________
   _______________________________________________________________________
   _______________________________________________________________________
   _______________________________________________________________________
   _______________________________________________________________________
   _______________________________________________________________________
   _______________________________________________________________________
   _______________________________________________________________________

   Submit Comment

   [62]Click to cancel reply

   [X] Notify me of follow-up comments via e-mail

« [63]Brain Found In KFC Meal

[64]World’s Skinniest Woman »

Subscribe

             Get The Most Amazing Things Directly To Your Email

   Enter your email address:

   ____________________
   Subscribe

User Panel

     * [65]Register
     * [66]Login

Popular Amazing Things

     * [67]World’s Skinniest Woman [68]World’s Skinniest Woman
     * [69]Strangest Creatures Born By Women [70]Strangest Creatures Born
       By Women
     * [71]Strangest Babies Ever Born [72]Strangest Babies Ever Born
     * [73]Brazilian Man Has Surgery to Get The Face Of A Real Dog
       [74]Brazilian Man Has Surgery to Get The Face Of A Real Dog
     * [75]Worst Plastic Surgeries: Celebs & Regular People [76]Worst
       Plastic Surgeries: Celebs & Regular People
     * [77]15 Funny Pictures with Double Meaning [78]15 Funny Pictures
       with Double Meaning
     * [79]Worst Cases of Botox Ever [80]Worst Cases of Botox Ever
     * [81]Most Extreme Human Bodies [82]Most Extreme Human Bodies
     * [83]Most Extreme Piercings [84]Most Extreme Piercings
     * [85]Most Bizarre Foreign Objects Found In Human Bodies [86]Most
       Bizarre Foreign Objects Found In Human Bodies
     * [87]Extraordinary Cases Of People Who Survived Deadly Fires
       [88]Extraordinary Cases Of People Who Survived Deadly Fires
     * [89]Bizzare Penis Snake Discovered in Brazil [90]Bizzare Penis
       Snake Discovered in Brazil
     * [91]Incredible Mutant Babies [92]Incredible Mutant Babies
     * [93]Pythons Eating Extremly Large Animals [94]Pythons Eating
       Extremly Large Animals
     * [95]Celebrity IQs. Who Do You Think Has The Lowest or Highest One?
       [96]Celebrity IQs. Who Do You Think Has The Lowest or Highest One?

   ©2012 Vyperlook.com Most Amazing Things on the Internet
   [97]Brain Found In KFC Meal
   [98]Valeria Levitina anorexia 1 [99]World's Skinniest Woman

                         [100]Privacy Policy | [101]DMCA | [102]Webmasters

       Vyperlook gives you the Most Amazing topics, Incredible events,
       Shocking and Odd creatures, Interesting facts, Coolest Things,
     the most amazing stuff including extreme pictures and videos on the
                                  internet.
                         Check us daily for updates.



Related Boards
          + [50]Halloween Halloween
          + [51]Halloween Halloween
          + [52]Halloween costumes Halloween costumes
          + [53]holidays holidays
          + [54]Halloweeny Halloweeny
       (BUTTON) Pin it
       (BUTTON) Like
       [55]Learn more at geegeeman77.deviantart.com
       [56]

Romancimatics by geegeeman77.deviantart.com on @deviantART........Poor
Dipper. I bet that now, after he confessed, he drops her love notes like this
all the time X3
       Dipper that's sweet. But she's too old for you.
       Dipper that's sweet. But she's too old for you. (BUTTON) More

Remember This, Gravity Falls, Geegeeman77 Deviantart Com, Ships Dipper, Sweet
Wendy, Falls ️, Love Notes, Sweet Dipper, Deviantart Poor

Dipper that's sweet. But I ship Dipper and Pacifica

Romancimatics by geegeeman77.deviantart.com on @deviantART........Poor
Dipper. I bet that now, after he confessed, he drops her love notes like this
all the time X3

Gravity Falls

Sweet dipper ❤️

Romancimatics by geegeeman77 on deviantART
       Uploaded by user

   (BUTTON) Pin it
   (BUTTON) Like
   [57]Learn more at etsy.com
   [58]

aerosmith...not my fav song but pinned this especially for my bestie
@caroline hunt

   aerosmith...not my fav song but pinned this especially for my bestie
   @carly k. hunt

   aerosmith...not my fav song but pinned this especially for my bestie
   Carly k. hunt (BUTTON) More

Classic Rocks, Crossword Puzzles, Aerosmithpet Girls, Aerosmith Dreams, Music
Lyrics, Steven Tyler, Fb Quotes, Crossword, Fav Songs

Rock & Roll lyrics I love! Aerosmith "Dream On"

aerosmith...not my fav song but pinned this especially for my bestie @Carly
k. hunt

Dream On - Aerosmith - Classic Rock Lyrics

Did I tell you that Steven Tyler kissed me?

   Pinned from
   Uploaded by user

   (BUTTON) Pin it
   (BUTTON) Like
   [59]Learn more at psychofactz.com
   [60]

Kids would live trying different numbers just to try to beat this! In the
process they would be practicing multiplication, division, and subtraction!!!
Kids would love to try this "mind reading" trick on parents!

   Mind blown.

   Mind blown. (BUTTON) More

It Work, Mindblown Quotes

It works

psychofactz.com

   Uploaded by user

   (BUTTON) Pin it
   (BUTTON) Like
   [61]Learn more at vampirediaries.wikia.com
   vampirediaries.wikia.com
   Witch, werewolf, vampire, and hybrid!
   The Vampire Diaries Wiki
   from The Vampire Diaries Wiki

Symbols

   Witch, werewolf, vampire, and hybrid! (BUTTON) More

Vampires Diaries 3, Vampires Diariesorigin, Symbols, Vampires Diaries Tattoo,
Vampire Diaries, Vampires Diaries3, Werewolves, The Vampires Diaries Witch,
Vampires Diaries Originals

Symbols

   Uploaded by user

   (BUTTON) Pin it
   (BUTTON) Like
   youtube.com
   PLAY
   Vampire fangs from fake nails tutorial. You'll need fake nails, a nail
   file, and poligrip.

   Vampire fangs from fake nails tutorial. You'll need fake nails, a nail
   file, and poligrip. (BUTTON) More

Vampires Teeth, Cheap Diy, 15 Teeth, Halloween Vampires, Diy Vampires, Fake
Nails, Halloween Ideas, Teeth Vampires, Nails Tutorials

All things made by Kelly: DIY vampire teeth

Can adapt to make troll teeth Vampire fangs from fake nails tutorial. You'll
need fake nails, a nail file, and poligrip.

Vampire fangs from fake nails tutorial. You'll need fake nails, a nail file,
and poligrip. I'm pissed I didn't find this sooner. I already got $15 teeth
that suck ):

Cheap diy vampire fangs, using this for halloween!

Halloween ideas

   youtube [62]by MissInterpretCosplay
   Pinned from
   Uploaded by user

   (BUTTON) Pin it
   (BUTTON) Like
   [63]Learn more at notquitenigella.com
   notquitenigella.com
   How to make vampire teeth from fake nails and denture glue! Buy plain
   fake nails, file the pinky nail to shape you desire and use denture
   glue to hold in place.

   How to make vampire teeth from fake nails and denture glue! Buy plain
   fake nails, file the pinky nail to shape you desire and use denture
   glue to hold in place. (BUTTON) More

Vampires Teeth, True Blood, Halloween Costumes, Vampire Teeth, Dentur Glue,
Pinky Nails, Vampires Fangs, Fake Nails, Canin Teeth

A future Halloween costume I do believe...How to make vampire teeth from fake
nails and denture glue

How to make vampire teeth from fake nails and denture glue. Also, True Blood
dinner recipes. re-pinned from #ToniMcDowell

How to make vampire teeth from fake nails and denture glue! Buy plain fake
nails, file the pinky nail to shape you desire and use denture glue to hold
in place. #vampire #fang #teeth

Make vampire teeth from fake nails and denture glue. Blogger said: ”So to
make your very own vampire fangs (and Halloween is coming up-oh joy!) you
take a pair of false nails-I found the smallest size was the closest width to
my canine teeth. You then file them down using a nail file to a point which
was surprisingly easy (although caution: you may ruin your own manicure doing
this) and then glue them to your canine teeth using the denture glue!”

A True Blood Dinner Party!

   Uploaded by user

   (BUTTON) Pin it
   (BUTTON) Like
   [64]Learn more at mishi.deviantart.com
   mishi.deviantart.com
   Marceline's fangs tutorial, simply because i love Marceline

   Marceline's fangs tutorial, simply because i love Marceline (BUTTON)
   More

Cosplay Tutorials Makeup, Marceline Costumes, Fangs Tutorials, Halloween
Costumes, Marceline Fangs, Vampires Fangs, Cosplay Fangs, Halloween Ideas,
Costumes Ideas

Vampire fangs tutorial

Marceline's fangs tutorial - Halloween idea!

Cosplay Fangs Tutorial

Cosplay: Marceline's Fangs Tutorial by mishi on deviantART

   Uploaded by user

   (BUTTON) Pin it
   (BUTTON) Like
   [65]Learn more at mefunnysideup.co
   [66]

7 Interesting Random Facts Of The Day…

   I think the toy story one isnt allowed in the park anymore

   I think the toy story one isnt allowed in the park anymore (BUTTON)
   More

Lifehacks

Pin Funny Pics - Your #1 Source of Daily Fun

   Uploaded by user

   (BUTTON) Whoops! Something went wrong. Try again.
     __________________________________________________________________

 

   #[1]Fun Activities for Kids » Feed [2]Fun Activities for Kids »
   Comments Feed

     * [3]Home
     * [4]Thanksgiving

   [5]Fun Activities for Kids

   Activities for kids
     * [6]Articles
     * [7]Cooking Kids
     * [8]Crafts
     * [9]Experiments
     * [10]Fun Facts
     * [11]Games
     * [12]Holiday
     * [13]Self-Esteem

Vampire Facts for Kids, Fun with Halloween

   By [14]kidsplayandcreate


   Here is a fun list of vampire facts for kids for Halloween. Also check
   out our [15]Halloween facts and [16]pumpkin facts for kids.
     * Before a vampire was a vampire, it was an average person like you
       and me.
     * To become a vampire you have to be bitten by one.
     * After you have been bitten, you have to  than drink vampire blood.
       After you drink the vampire blood, you fall asleep and wake up as a
       vampire!
     * What do vampires eat?  Vampires survive on blood.  Mostly human
       blood, but they have been known to drink animal blood if there are
       no humans around.
     * How to vampires get blood?  Using their sharp fangs (teeth), they
       bite you on your neck and suck the blood out.
     * Like some animals, vampires are nocturnal. This mean they are
       active at night.
     * Vampires do not like sunlight.  In fact the sun is very harmful to
       a vampire.
     * Did you know that vampires don’t have a reflection.  When they look
       in the mirror they can’t see themselves.
     * Vampires come from Transylvania, but can live anywhere.
     * Don’t worry about a vampire getting into your house.  They can’t
       come in unless they are invited.  Be careful, vampires are known to
       trick people into letting them in.
     * Vampires mostly sleep in coffins.
     * They also like bats.
     * A group of vampires is called a pack or a clan.
     * Here are some ways you can keep vampires away: eat lots of garlic
       or wear a clove of garlic around your neck, wear a cross around
       your neck, stay in the sun, sprinkle salt around the outside of
       your house, keep a pocket full of seeds handy.
     * All vampires have arithmomania.  Arithmomania is having the strong
       urge to count all things around you.
     * This is way the vampire on Sesame Street “The Count” is always
       counting.
     * If you are confronted with a vampire, throw the seeds around.  The
       vampire will get distracted by counting all the seeds.  This will
       give you time to run away.
     * Some characteristics of vampires: very pale skin, black hair, very
       dark eyes, long fingernails, no reflection in a mirror, doesn’t
       like the sun, always counting objects.
     * The only way to kill a vampire is a stake through the heart.
     * Some famous vampires are The Count from Sesame Street,
       Count Chocula from the cereal, Edward from Twilight and of course
       the most famous vampire of  all Dracula.

Happy Halloween

   [17]Print Friendly
   [18]Facebook [19]Twitter [20]Pinterest [21]Plusone [22]Email
   [23]Instagram

Related Posts:

     * [24]Are Bats Blind? Amazing Bat Facts for Kids
     * [25]Santa Claus and Christmas Jokes for Kids
     * [26]Fun Halloween Facts for Kids! Why do we go…
     * [27]Halloween Activities for Kids
     * [28]Funny, Silly Valentine’s Day Jokes for Kids

New

     * [29]Creative Arts and Crafts Projects and Ideas for kids
     * [30]Fun Thanksgiving Activities, Crafts, Jokes, Facts, Recipes for
       Kids
     * [31]Cute Thanksgiving Craft for Kids, Easy Sock Turkey
     * [32]Cute Thanksgiving Turkey Keepsake Craft/Thanksgiving Craft for
       Little Hands
     * [33]Great List of Christmas Traditions to Start with your Kids

Search this Site

   Search this website  Search
   [INS: :INS]


   (BUTTON) Vampire Facts Vampire Facts by JuliHoffman
   [8][568528-64-k9dfcec.jpg]

[9]Vampire Facts

by [10]JuliHoffman

     * [11]Vampire Facts

   (BUTTON) Add to Library
   (BUTTON) My Lists
   (BUTTON) Vote

Vampire Facts

   [12]Writer: JuliHoffman

   1.2K 13 [13]13
Vampire Facts


 Since vampires are FICTIONAL characters, a writer does have certain liberties w
ith the parameters they set for these characters.  That said, I’m NOT a member o
f the “School for Fluffy Vampires.”  No matter what else they may be, they’re st
ill vampires.  They are not cuddly bunnies.  Not everyone will agree with the li
st I’ve created, and that’s OK.  There’s plenty of room for all of us in the wri
ting world.  With this in mind, these are the parameters I’ve chosen to set for
MY characters.  Enjoy!


Vampires drink blood.  That’s what makes them vampires.  We could get into all s
orts of scientific reasons why they require blood to survive, but the bottom lin
e is this:  Vampires drink blood.


Human bodies make blood.  If we can agree for the moment that fact #1 is true, h
umans should be squeamish around vampires.  It’s normal to be afraid of creature
s that look at you as a possible food source.


Animals make blood.  Again, if fact #1 is true, animals should also be nervous a
round vampires and all carnivores in general…and they are!  Deer, squirrels, woo
dchucks, all wild animals in general don’t like creatures that look at them as a
 food source.


If facts #1-2 are true, then vampires are probably NOT the best choice for datin
g material.  Sure they may claim that they ONLY drink from animals, or get their
 blood from a blood bank, but if they’re over a hundred, do you really believe t
hat they’ve NEVER drank from a human source?  Seriously?  Blood banks are a rela
tively new invention and synthetic blood may sound great on paper, but I don’t e
ven like the taste of diet soda.  I can’t imagine a vampire living off the blood
 equivalent of drinking diet pop for the rest of their lives.  Dating someone, w
ho sees you as a possible food source, is a very bad idea.


Vampire teeth ripping through flesh tends to leave scars, but their saliva does
encourage rapid healing.  A vampire may prefer to use a pocketknife, or some oth
er sharp object, rather than their actual teeth/fangs when feeding off human sou
rces that they SWEAR they never use.  There is less chance of scarring this way,
 and therefore less chance of detection.


Vampires tend to prefer to hang out with other vampires.  They have the same thi
ngs in common.  Common interests tend to draw people together.


Vampires can live a long time, a REALLY long time if they’re careful.


Vampires don’t like humans to know of their existence.  No vampire likes to be f
aced with torches and pitchforks.


An old vampire’s interests could be varied, and extensive, and a bit strange to
a modern human.  For example, embroidery work was once considered men’s work.  I
t would take many years to master the craft.  In this century, it’s considered m
erely a hobby that is dominated by women.  While these eccentricities may seem c
harming in the beginning, common interests tend to keep couples together in the
long term.


Vampires tend to shy away from new technology.  Depending on their age, they’ve
had to learn a LOT of “new” technology over the centuries.  Even the printed wor
d in book form was once considered “new” technology.  Older vampires tend to get
 frustrated with our modern conveniences.


Older vampires often have trouble adapting because of facts #5 and #8.  The olde
r they get, the easier it is to stay around others who are like themselves and s
hare the same interests as they do.


A vampire may lose track of what is considered fashionable attire.  Most tend to
 choose well-made pieces that are considered timeless rather than trendy clothin
g.  Their wardrobes could be monochromatic, all black, all tan, etc.  Jeans and
t-shirts are a popular choice for vampires dressing casually.  Suits are also a
popular choice for everyday wear.  Hats with broad brims are a necessity as well
 as long jackets.  Hair is sometimes worn long if it was fashionable when they w
ere turned.


Chewits - Vampire Fangs (100g)

    1. Servings: 1_____________________________
       [1 bag_____________________]

   Calories        357  Sodium        0 mg
   Total Fat       0 g  Potassium     0 mg
   Saturated       0 g  Total Carbs   83 g
   Polyunsaturated 0 g  Dietary Fiber 0 g
   Monounsaturated 0 g  Sugars        50 g
   Trans           0 g  Protein       6 g
   Cholesterol     0 mg
   Vitamin A       0%   Calcium       0%
   Vitamin C       0%   Iron          0%

   *Percent Daily Values are based on a 2000 calorie diet. Your daily
   values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.

Search our food database by name:

   ____________________ Search

More from Chewits

     * [40]Freaky Face
     * [41]Strawberry Flavour Chewy Sweets
     * [42]Sour Apple
     * [43]Stelle portafortuna
     * [44]Sour Apple Chews - 6-piece Pack
     * [45]Strawberry rings

 

   #[1]Twilight Saga Wiki (en) [2]copyright [3]Twilight Saga Wiki Atom
   feed

   [4]Vampire

   [p?c1=2&c2=6177433&c3=&c4=&c5=&c6=&c7=http%3A%2
   F%2Ftwilightsaga.wikia.com%2Fwiki%2FVampire%3Fcomscorekw%3Dwikiacsid_en
   tertainment&c15=&cv=2.0&cj=1]

 

[33]Twilight Saga Wiki

Twilight Saga Wiki Navigation

     * [34]On the Wiki
          + [35]Wiki Activity
          + [36]Random page
          + [37]Videos
          + [38]Photos
          + [39]Chat
     * [40]Books
          + [41]Twilight
          + [42]New Moon
          + [43]Eclipse
          + [44]The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner
          + [45]Breaking Dawn
     * [46]Films
          + [47]Twilight
          + [48]New Moon
          + [49]Eclipse
          + [50]Breaking Dawn - Part 1
          + [51]Breaking Dawn - Part 2
     * [52]Videos
          + [53]Twilight videos
          + [54]New Moon videos
          + [55]Eclipse videos
          + [56]Breaking Dawn videos
          + [57]Deleted acenes
     * [58]Community
          + [59]Top 10 lists
          + [60]Administrators
          + [61]Blogs
          + [62]Affiliates
          + [63]Contact Us
          + [64]News

     * [65]Add a Video
     * [66]Add a Photo
     * [67]Add a Page
     * [68]Wiki Activity

   [69]Watchlist [70]Random page [71]Recent changes

Vampire

   1,011pages on
   this wiki
   [72]View source [yH5BAEAAAEALAAAAAABAAEAQAICTAEAOw%3D%3D]
     * [73]History

   [74]Comments1k
   [75]Twilight (film) 60

   The Cullens: a family of vampires.

   Vampires (also known as The Cold Ones in [76]Quileute legends) are the
   primary supernatural creatures of the [77]Twilight universe. They are
   immortal beings who feed and survive on the blood of [78]humans or
   animals.

   Vampires are one of the four known supernatural species in the Twilight
   series, with the others being [79]vampire-human hybrids,
   true [80]werewolves (also called Children of the Moon), and
   [81]shapeshifters. Though generally not thought as supernatural, humans
   might also be classified as such; vampires and Children of the Moon are
   transformed humans (by venom and infection, respectively);
   shapeshifters are a human population with gifts of their own; and,
   occasionally, humans show gifts of their [82]own.

Contents

   [[83]show]

History

   The origin of the vampire race remains a mystery. Contrary to popular
   belief, in the [84]Twilight universe, vampires deviate from those of
   traditional myth; a fact often alluded to in the series, usually for
   humor. For example, all vampires have refined and perfected physical
   features (including their scent and voice), allowing them to lure in
   prey.

   Their skin is flawless and textured with a marble-like substance much
   harder and stronger than granite. Due to the crystalline properties of
   their cells, when a vampire is exposed to sunlight, their body will
   sparkle like diamonds. For vampires who feed on human blood, their eyes
   reflect a deep red, as opposed to those who drink animal blood, whose
   eyes will reflect a medium gold color. Vampires also possess superhuman
   powers, such as speed and strength. They also have incredibly keen
   senses and are able to hear for miles and see in total darkness.

   Vampires are indeed immortal unless destroyed. Unable to sleep, they
   spend all days and nights awake. After transformation, a few vampires
   show [85]special abilities such as [86]foresight or [87]telepathy,
   usually a prominent personality or physical trait magnified from their
   human life. Most of them, however, do not. Vampires are unharmed by
   garlic, holy items, or wooden stakes; they have reflections and
   shadows, and are able to walk freely in the sunlight without being
   physically damaged by it.

Physiology

Nutrition

   [88]James bite

   James bites Bella.

          "When we taste… human blood, a sort of frenzy begins. It's
          almost impossible to stop."

                ―Edward Cullen to Bella Swan.^[89][src]

   Vampires subsist on [90]blood as their only food source. Human blood is
   by far the most common source and the most appealing, and subsequently
   the most difficult to resist.

   As blood is the only component of a vampire's diet, failing to drink
   blood (whether human or animal) for an extended period of time will
   physically and mentally weaken a vampire. The longer a vampire abstains
   from blood, the more likely the vampire will lose their rationality and
   mental faculties until they give into their thirst, because their
   throats are described to be in "burning pain", which will worsen the
   longer they do not drink blood. Although it still gives them nutrition,
   animal blood is less appealing to vampires.

   Vampires who wish to blend in with human society are also seen to
   ingest human food and drinks, but, since their bodies can no longer
   digest this, they must cough everything up later. On occasion, the
   appeal of human blood can be so enticing that a "vegetarian" vampire
   will lose control, especially if their self-control is weak. To a
   "vegetarian" vampire, carnivores' blood is more appetizing than
   herbivores, though still not quite as good as humans.

   On the moral grounds that all human life is precious, a very small
   proportion of vampires in the [91]Twilight universe receive their
   sustenance from animal blood, jokingly calling themselves
   [92]vegetarians. The only examples known are the [93]Cullen family and
   the [94]Denali coven.

Singers

   [95]Edward-bella-killer-eye-twilight

   Bella Swan: Edward's singer.

          "I wanted to kill you. I've never wanted a human's blood so much
          in my life… Your scent… is like a drug to me. You're like my
          personal brand of heroin."

                ―Edward about Bella's appealing blood.^[96][src]

   The blood of each human has an individual taste and smell; sometimes a
   certain vampire finds a particular human whose blood he or she finds
   nearly absolutely irresistible. The Volturi call these humans "[97]la
   tua cantante"—singers—as their blood "sings" to that particular
   vampire. To most vampires, such discovery is an experience to be
   savored.

Physical appearance

   [98]Glitter Glitter

   A vampire's ([99]Edward Cullen) skin sparkles when exposed to sunlight.

          "As predators, we have a glut of weapons in our physical
          arsenal—much, much more than really necessary. The strength, the
          speed, the acute senses, not to mention those like Edward,
          Jasper, and I, who have extra senses as well. And then, like a
          carnivorous flower, we are physically attractive to our prey."

                ―[100]Alice to [101]Bella^[102][src]

   After the change, vampires' physical appearance and muscle mass is
   enhanced and perfected, eye color changes, and they no longer need to
   breathe, though they often still do so out of habit, and feel
   uncomfortable without their sense of smell—the first warning of an
   impending threat or the smell of potential prey. The ability to cut off
   airflow from their lungs allows them to remain submerged underwater for
   as long as they wish, and contributes greatly to their excellent
   swimming capabilities.

   Vampires are extraordinarily beautiful, some more attractive than
   others, such as [103]Heidi and [104]Rosalie. Their beauty is described
   as angelic or even god-like. This is one of the several features meant
   to attract their prey—more specifically, to attract, fascinate, and (if
   necessary) seduce, unsuspecting humans. How physically appealing their
   prey finds them is determined by how desirable they were as humans
   themselves. If an already attractive human were to be transformed,
   their physical beauty would be "beyond breathtaking". If they were of
   average interest, their attractiveness would be lower, but still
   stunningly beautiful. If however they were not particularly pleasing to
   the eye, they would become average (as shown with [105]James), but this
   is a rare occurrence, as vampires normally select exceptional humans to
   turn.

   A vampire's skin is described as "chalky", alabaster, or marble
   (because of its texture and feel, as well as its appearance).
   Regardless of original ethnicity, a vampire's skin will be
   exceptionally pale. The hue varies slightly, with darker-skinned humans
   having a barely discernible olive tone to their vampire skin, but the
   light shade remains the same. They owe their unnatural pale complexion
   to their lack of blood flow; once they reach the first anniversary of
   their transformation, they no longer possess blood of their own (though
   they still become slightly flushed after feeding). When the [106]venom
   spreads, it also leeches pigment in the skin, so after the
   transformation is complete, the vampire loses nearly all its skin
   color, as well as any moles, freckles, scars, tattoos, or any other
   part of the skin with pigment from their human life. Their strong
   resemblance to marble statues rests also on their skin's granite-like
   appearance and impenetrability, as well as the now useless need to
   blink—the venom-based fluid that resides in the eyes now fulfills the
   function of eyelids and also lubricates the eye so that it can move
   easily within its sockets. The vampire also is unable to produce tears
   after the transformation, as tears are used to remove objects harmful
   to the eye, and those objects would be unable to harm a vampires eye. A
   vampire may not move at all, if need be, and if they stay immobile for
   several thousand years, they will start showing the appearance of
   fragility or petrification, though their physical capabilities will
   remain unchanged. Aside from [107]Aro's clouded, "milky" eyes,
   [108]Bella notes that his skin—as well as that of his brothers,
   [109]Marcus and [110]Caius—looks like paper. However, though they feel
   closer to shale than granite, they are no more fragile than those
   remaining active.

   Their body's natural changes no longer occur. They cannot age or grow
   (things such as fingernails, toenails, and hair will no longer be able
   to grow. However, if an arm, leg, nose, or other such appendage should
   be removed, albeit painfully, it can be easily reattached. Vampire
   venom is noted to be the only thing that scars a vampire. Since the
   venom is adhesive, coating the severed end with it will help it heal
   faster. They show no physical or mental illnesses and defects, and
   their voice becomes more alluring, melodic, and seductive. Their heart
   no longer beats.

   The venom, and venom based liquids replace all of the natural chemical
   processes and functions in the body. It wets and pools in the mouth
   instead of saliva. It coats the eyes, burning through contacts after
   only a few hours, protecting them from damage and thus eliminating all
   necessity and reason to produce tears. It also lubricates them,
   allowing them to move around more easily within their sockets. A
   similar venom based liquid lubricates between the vampires cells
   allowing their hard stone bodies to move. If a vampire were to remain
   motionless over thousands of years, dust will actually begin to petrify
   in response to the venom based liquids, turning their skin powdery and
   similar to shale in texture, as well as their eyes which develop a
   milky film over their red irises making the eyes appear pink in color.
   This can be seen with the ancient [111]Volturi members. These
   imperfections, however, do not affect the vampires impenetrability or
   compromise their vision, a vampire that stays motionless would be just
   as indestructible and sharp as a vampire remaining active.

   As vampires describe themselves, they are unchanging, "living stone"
   beings frozen exactly as they were when they were transformed. (Though
   to another vampire, the granite-skin feels smooth, soft, and warm and
   not the icy-hard touch a human would feel). Requiring little or no
   change to produce sperm, males can still breed, while female vampires
   cannot; their bodies no longer accommodate the changes related to
   pregnancy. In male vampires, the venom takes on a form so similar to
   seminal fluid that it can bond with a human ovum, making possible the
   creation of a human-vampire hybrid. The underlying biochemistry and
   physiology is currently unknown.

   Their bodily scent is based on their venom, which is pleasant, not only
   to humans, but to other vampires as well.

   A wise vampire will avoid exposure to direct sunlight in public, so as
   not to be seen by humans during the day, unless the sky is overcast,
   since their skin sparkles like diamonds; their cells have become hard
   and refractive as if they were so many small prisms.

Eye color

   [112]9k5sp2 9k5sp2

   A comparison of the eyes of two vampires: the red ([113]Aro) are of a
   vampire who feeds on humans, and the golden ([114]Jasper) of one who
   feeds on animals.

          "I saved his eyes for last, knowing that when I looked into them
          I was likely to lose my train of thought. They were wide, warm
          with liquid gold, framed by a thick fringe of black lashes.
          Staring into his eyes always made me feel extraordinary—sort of
          like my bones were turning spongy. I was also lightheaded, but
          that could have been because I'd forgotten to keep breathing.
          Again."

                ―Bella Swan

   A vampire's eye color changes with both his/her age and diet. Newborn
   vampires show bright red eyes regardless of how long they abstain from
   blood, or their diet. A diet of human blood would eventually darken
   them to a rose red color. However, a diet of animal blood would instead
   dilute the eyes to a golden color. A vampire who has recently fed on
   animal blood will have light, honey gold eyes, while a vampire who has
   recently fed on human blood will have vivid crimson eyes. All older
   vampires' eyes darken perceptively as they abstain from blood, until
   their eyes become onyx, or coal black. The process usually takes one to
   two weeks before the eyes are turned completely black.

   Only the [115]Cullen and [116]Denali covens are known to be vegetarian
   vampires, feeding only on animal blood instead of human. Their eyes are
   liquid topaz, or honey-gold, reflecting their diet. These eyes,
   however, are viewed as strange and somewhat unnatural by other vampires
   whose diet consist of human blood, such as [117]James and
   [118]Victoria, and whose eyes are of a vivid deep crimson, becoming
   even more vivid as they continue to feed on human blood, and a darker
   burgundy as they abstain.

   Newborn vampires are known for having incredible strength as well as
   brilliant crimson eyes. Both traits are caused by their own blood that
   still lingers within their tissues, producing the shockingly bright red
   eyes that "fade slowly over the course of a year" and incredible speed.

   Meyer writes that, if a Cullen were to drink human blood, his/her eyes
   would instantly turn burgundy, and if two weeks were to pass without
   blood, his/her eyes would grow dark. If he/she were to return to a diet
   of animal blood, his/her eyes would become dark gold, and a lighter
   golden color, if they were to continue on animal blood. As a vampire's
   thirst grows, his/her eyes grow darker with it, until they at last
   become a coal black. In contrast, as vampires feed, their eyes become
   lighter. In addition to the thirst, the purplish-black bruises under
   their eyes become more pronounced as their thirst grows. Though if they
   have recently fed the bruises becomes less noticeable, and all but
   disappear (depending on how well-fed they are). The bruises indicate
   that vampires never sleep.

Teeth

   The bite of a vampire can sever the limbs of their opponents, as
   vampires are known for having extremely sharp and strong teeth. A
   vampire's teeth appear no different than regular human teeth. They do
   not possess fangs. However, a vampire's teeth are flawless,
   unbreakable, and razor sharp at the edges. They are also incredibly
   strong, able to bite through almost any solid substance, including
   vampire skin. Their teeth are also venomous, affected by the vampire
   venom that flows in their mouths. According to [119]Alice Cullen, a
   vampire's greatest weapon is their teeth, though they are more armed
   than necessary.

Genetics

   Vampires carry 25 pairs of chromosomes, 2 chromosomes more than humans.
   Carlisle reveals this in [120]Breaking Dawn while telling Jacob about
   their supernatural genetic relations. While vampires have 25 pairs of
   chromosomes, the [121]Quileute shape-shifters carry 24. [122]Vampire
   hybrids are theorized to have 24 pairs themselves.

Abilities and limitations

   A vampire's physical and mental abilities far exceed those of a human
   being. These traits vary between different vampires depending on what
   they were more capable of as humans. Certain vampires also develop one
   extra supernatural power manifested from their strongest trait as a
   human.

Speed

   [123]Vampire speed 1 Vampire speed 1

   Vampire ([124]Victoria) running so fast she becomes blurry.

   One of the most amazing among their abilities is their speed. They are
   able to run in excess of a hundred miles per hour, substantially faster
   than the human eye can see. When vampires run, they become "all but
   invisible". The [125]Quileute wolves are noted to be one of the few
   things that can keep up with them. This suggests that vampires are
   meant to move to a new location every so often. We see the speed of all
   the Cullens again during the baseball game. Emmett is described as "a
   blur around the bases", and Edward can move so quickly that he is able
   to intercept a ball that has been hit "like a meteor."

   They can lay down and sit up within the same fraction of a second,
   almost without having to even think about going through the motions.
   After being turned into a vampire, Bella describes her movements as
   being instantaneous.

Strength

   [126]Strength Strength

   [127]Edward exerting his strength to save [128]Bella.

          "You are so soft, so fragile. I have to mind my actions every
          moment that we're together so that I don't hurt you. I could
          kill you quite easily, Bella, simply by accident… I could reach
          out, meaning to touch your face, and crush your skull by
          mistake."

                ―Edward to Bella on his strength

   Another enhanced trait is their unstoppable physical strength. A
   vampire is said to be thousands of times stronger than any human, able
   to lift objects several hundreds of times their own weight. They can
   crush granite boulders, subdue any prey, throw cars, crush metal, and
   uproot trees with their bare hands. Edward feared his strength when
   first meeting Bella, and explained that there was barely a difference
   between caressing her head and knocking it off. A good example of their
   strength is seen when Bella decides to arm wrestle Emmett after
   becoming a vampire. She describes the power in his one arm to be about
   the same as a cement truck moving down a sharp decline at over 60 miles
   per hour. She beats him, however, because she is a newborn at the time.
   Newborn vampires are always stronger than older ones, since their
   strength derives from the lingering human blood left in their body from
   their human life. A vampire's strength also enables them to leap
   incredible distances. Edward was able to leap over a 50 yard wide river
   with ease during Bella's first hunt, while Bella was able to leap over
   twice his distance, while still only using a small amount of her force.

   Diet does not have a massive impact on strength, since it always
   depends on the individual vampire. Although, a diet of human blood
   makes a vampire stronger than animal blood, albeit only fractionally.
   Vampires who feed on animal blood (vegetarian vampires) find that "big
   game"—predators like bears or wildcats - not only smell more appealing
   to them, but also make them stronger than the "weaker" blood of herd
   animals such as deer or cattle.

   Strength, of course, is not always physical. If a vampire possessed
   great mental strength and willpower as a human, he will find it easier
   to control his wild, animalistic instincts. Even so, if a vampire has
   not fed for a long time, he will be less likely to think clearly and
   more likely to give in to his thirst, attacking the first living thing
   he detects and draining it of blood within seconds, all without a
   single thought (human or animal). If, however, an unlucky human were to
   be near their vicinity, they will preferably attack him/her rather than
   the animal.

Senses

   [129]Bella's new senses Bella's new senses

   Bella exploring her new senses as a vampire.

   A vampire's senses are also greatly enhanced, which enables them to
   see, hear, smell, feel, and taste things imperceptible to humans.

   Sight: While running, a vampire can see and sense everything that is
   around them, allowing them to keep tabs of their surroundings and avoid
   hitting anything unnecessarily. A vampire's vision is incomparable.
   Everything is much sharper, and more defined as a vampire, and their
   vision is unhindered by darkness. As a vampire, colors are much more
   vibrant. Humans are considered blind or mud-eyed in comparison. Bella
   described looking back at her human life as like looking through a
   thick, dark veil because of her new incredible vision. Their sense of
   sight exceeds by far that of a hawk: They can see objects in
   microscopic detail, and can see into the invisible spectrum of light.
   Vampires also have much better depth perception than humans.

   Their enhanced vision allows them to see the smallest details, and
   extends into the ultraviolet region of the light spectrum. Bella
   describes her sight as being better than an eagle's. Vampires find
   wearing glasses or contact lenses to be uncomfortable or irritating
   because they see the smallest imperfections such as very small
   scratches and optical aberrations imperceptible to humans.

   Smell: When a vampire hunts, he uses his sense of smell to find prey
   and hearing to track its movements. Vampires can smell objects several
   miles away in a good breeze. Smell is most intense to vampires, because
   one can smell the blood of his prey. By not breathing, they feel
   uncomfortable due to the lack of smell, though they can survive without
   it.

   As they grow older and more disciplined, vampires can learn to smell
   differences between the scents of various humans' blood, as well as
   scents of other things (like fabrics - the unique scent of denim). The
   range of their senses can be increased (though only fractionally)
   through concentration. Vampires mostly rely on smell to find their prey
   and take in the environment, which is partly why they find the lack of
   breathing uncomfortable.

   Hearing: Vampires can hear the most muted sounds. When Bella completed
   her transformation into a vampire, she listened to the sound of rap
   music until it slowly faded away. She then realized that it was coming
   from a car with its window rolled down on a freeway, miles away from
   where she was. When she went on her first hunt, Bella could hear the
   fluttering wings and heartbeats of small birds flying through the
   forest. She could also hear the scurrying noises of animals that were
   beneath the ground, as well as an army of ants on the ground. They also
   have an instinctive reaction to danger, usually from ill-willed
   vampires.

   They can hear sounds coming from several miles away, and even with
   their eyes closed, they can be sure that there are multiple people in a
   room thanks to their varied breathing patterns. They can hear the sound
   of a heartbeat, a pulse thudding in a vein, and words spoken too
   quietly or too fast for humans to detect.

   Touch: Despite being indestructible and hard-skinned, vampires can feel
   the things they touch, no matter the softness; such as fur, the
   coolness of wind, etc. They can feel the slightest changes of
   temperature around them, though they are not bothered by it. They can
   feel the heat radiating from a human several meters away. When their
   skins meet sunlight, they can also feel its warmth. Physical pain is
   implied when their bodies are being ripped apart by something with
   similar supernatural strength.

   Taste: Vampires have a similarly enhanced sense of taste allowing them
   to taste flavors with much more depth and precision. They can taste the
   differences of particles in their atmosphere. They can also detect
   minute differences between similar flavors. Even as a newborn, vampires
   are able to taste if the human they are feeding on has recently
   ingested drugs or alcohol.

   Sixth sense: Vampires also have a keen sense to danger, usually from
   something strong enough to harm them. Sometimes, they may even detect
   danger before they know it consciously.

Indestructibility

   Another impressive feature about vampires is their virtual
   indestructibility. During the transformation process, a vampire's cells
   become extremely hard, durable, and refractive, rendering their bodies
   nearly impenetrable. Vampires are noted to be exponentially more
   durable than "soft" humans. The strength of a vampires skin is
   described as harder than granite, and even diamond-hard. Their bodies
   are so hard that they are unable to be harmed by human weapons, and the
   only creatures capable of killing them are other vampires, or
   werewolves. Their teeth are also noted to be one of the few things
   strong enough to be able to cut through their skin, as are werewolf
   teeth. Because of this indestructibility, it is quite impossible for a
   vampire to kill himself. As a newborn, Carlisle attempted this in many
   ways including jumping from atmospheric heights, drowning himself, and
   starving himself, after all of which he was unharmed.

Flexibility

   A vampire's body movements are uncannily flexible. Their agility is
   more advanced than humans, which allows them to rapidly respond to
   change by adapting to its initial stable configuration; They can make
   numerous gymnastic, or martial arts implements with little effort using
   a combination of strength, balance, reflexes and speed. They can even
   swing, flip, bend and twist themselves without failure due to their
   enhanced sense of balance and flexibility. Using their physical senses
   as allies, they can find motions at human speed too slow for them to
   miss.

   In battle, vampires can swiftly dodge an attack without having to think
   how to move their bodies first. In general, only something that moves
   at vampire-speed can render a vampire unnoticed to the motion.

   Part of this enhancement is based on the enhanced activity of their
   brains, which allows them to think and move much faster than humans.

Venom

          Main article: [130]Venom

   [131]Vampire-venom Vampire-venom

   Vampire venom.

   When a vampire catches his prey, he bites into its neck and injects his
   venom into its bloodstream while feeding. This serves as a way to
   immobilize his prey while also initiating the conversion from human to
   vampire, allowing the predator to feed on his prey without it trying to
   resist, even though it would not have done any good. While the venom is
   transformative to humans, it is deadly to animals and shape-shifters.
   [132]Children of the Moon, however, are completely immune to its
   effects.

   If a vampire loses a body part, they can use venom to reattach the lost
   limb, though it is unable to reattach hair.

Special abilities

          Main article: [133]Special abilities

   [134]Torture Torture

   Jane's gift of tormenting illusion.

          "Yes, well, there are some vampires who have gifts beyond the
          usual super strength and super senses. You've seen one aspect
          in… our coven. Gifts are rare—one in fifty, maybe—but everyone
          is different. There's a huge range of gifts out there, and some
          of them are more powerful than others."

                ―Riley^[135][src]

   Most vampires find their key personality characteristics intensified by
   the vampire transformation in the same way their physical abilities are
   strengthened, but relatively few have abilities that can be classified
   as supernatural. More common would be a human with a love of learning
   becoming a vampire with an insatiable scholarly curiosity, or a human
   with a deep value for human life becoming a vampire with the strength
   to avoid human blood.

   But a few vampires do develop additional abilities that go beyond the
   natural. These extra abilities are due to psychic gifts in the original
   human that are intensified in the resulting vampire. For example, a
   human who was very sensitive to other people's moods might develop the
   vampire ability to [136]read thoughts or [137]influence emotions. A
   human who had some limited precognition might develop into a vampire
   with a strong [138]ability to see the future. A human with a good
   [139]instinct for hunting might become a powerful vampire tracker. If a
   human already possessed a certain supernatural gift, this talent will
   be amplified many times after he is transformed into a vampire.

   The proportion of supernaturally talented vampires to "normal" vampires
   is greater than the proportion of psychically gifted humans to "normal"
   humans. This is due to the same factor of temperament that results in
   more beautiful humans being selected to become vampires. Vampires are
   also drawn to gifted humans when they look to create companions. Some
   vampires actively seek out the gifted in the hope of utilizing that
   extra ability in their coven.

   According to [140]Eleazar, most vampire gifts are manifested in the
   mind, though there are certain exceptions. [141]Benjamin was the best
   case—his power over the elements of nature is completely physical.

   No gift ever works in the exact same way in two vampires, because no
   person (human or vampire) is ever exactly the same.

Lifestyles

   Though there are a range of vampire lifestyles, the most common is
   nomadic. The majority of vampires move frequently, never settling
   permanently in one place. This pattern is partly an attempt to hide
   from the notice of humans. If too many humans disappear from one area,
   suspicion might be aroused and the Volturi might take notice. Also, if
   a vampire interacts regularly with humans, eventually the humans will
   notice that the vampire isn't aging. Another aspect is boredom; vampire
   lives are so long that many keep up a continuous search for novelty.

   A few covens are exceptions to this rule, and maintain semi-permanent
   or permanent homes. Doing this requires a great deal of subterfuge—if
   the coven wants to avoid suspicion and keep the Volturi from becoming
   involved—and most vampires don't care for the hassle.

   Vampires usually travel alone or in pairs. It is said in [142]New Moon
   that [143]James's coven, which included three vampires (members:
   [144]Victoria, [145]James and [146]Laurent), was considered large. The
   only exceptions are, in order of decreasing numbers, the [147]Volturi,
   the Cullens and the Denalis.

Psychology

   Individual characteristics: When a human becomes a vampire, all of his
   natural behavior, needs and characteristics are frozen within him
   forever, though they are also heightened at the same time. From the
   moment a vampire is made, his interests, dislikes and personality are
   permanently petrified. For instance, if a human with a loving character
   becomes a vampire, his or her passion is magnified, allowing him or her
   to love others even more intensely. Another example is if the human was
   ambitious and cunning, those characteristics become magnified as a
   vampire, thus making him a ruthless killer. The only aspect that does
   change is the vampire's outlook on the world.
   [148]OMG! Now Bella love blood OMG! Now Bella love blood

   [149]Bella hunting.

   Basic instincts: Aside from their original personalities, they also
   have ferocious instincts and a compelling drive for consuming blood.
   The moment they give in to their thirst, all of their human
   characteristics disappear and they could risk hurting one another by
   competing for prey. The longer they abstain from blood completely, the
   harder it becomes for them to resist, and eventually they will give in
   to their thirst.

   Vampires are feral, predatory creatures, and far more savage and
   beast-like than their human appearance suggests. They growl, hiss,
   snarl, and curl their lips back baring their teeth as signs of
   aggression when provoked. They also have a sense of self-preservation;
   when they are confronted with danger that proves too overwhelming for
   their capabilities, they will immediately evade the area, unless there
   is something holding them back.

   Bonding factors: Though vampires are mostly territorial and nomadic,
   there are few possibilities for them to bond with one another and with
   other species. The first bonding force is romance: If a vampire falls
   in love, that feeling never fades away and that love is bound for
   eternity. As a general rule, only the bond between mates is strong
   enough to survive the competitive drive for blood. Larger covens are
   less stable, and usually end because of internal violence. If a vampire
   was romantically bound to someone before he turned, that love will
   remain as a permanent aspect in his characteristics after the
   transformation. It is also possible for a vampire to fall in love after
   he was turned, and that love will be just as permanent as any other.
   [150]Victoria angry Victoria angry

   Driven by fury and grief at [151]James's death, [152]Victoria prepares
   to attack [153]Bella and [154]Edward.

   Another prevalent vampire trait is that of a vengeful nature. Related
   again to their unchanging state, vampires are not forgiving; they do
   not move past an insult or injury. The most common example of vampire
   vengeance is the aftermath of the loss of a mate. When a vampire loses
   his mate, he never recovers from the pain. He cannot rest until the
   party responsible is eradicated. Centuries can pass without lessening
   the ferocity of his need for vengeance. However, it is possible to
   suppress that desire if they compel themselves to focus.

   The second bonding force, and one that is able to keep a large coven
   stable, is ambition. Vampires are competitive by nature, and some
   vampires have been able to evolve this competitive disposition into a
   greater cause capable of uniting many individuals into a secure whole.
   The pursuit of power is that bonding cause for vampires. The
   [155]Romanians were the first to do this successfully for a significant
   length of time.

   The third, and rarest, bonding force is the vampire conscience. Very
   few vampires are born with or develop a value for human life. The
   consumption of human blood is such a known aspect of vampire life that
   few ever question it; the driving thirst for human blood seems
   irresistible. However, those who do learn to value human life in spite
   of this reality are able to subsist on animal blood. Vampires who live
   this way are sometimes referred to as "[156]vegetarians". Animal blood
   is unappealing to vampires, and thus a difficult diet to maintain.
   Those who make the sacrifice, though, experience related benefits. In
   the absence of human blood, the competitive drive disappears. Vampires
   are able to form bonds of love in addition to the bond between mates.
   The weak coven alliance is replaced by a strong, family-style union.
   The [157]Cullen and [158]Denali covens are the only known groups to
   have successfully adjusted to this diet.

Transformation

   [159]Twilight (film) 85 Twilight (film) 85

   [160]Esme Cullen being transformed into a vampire by [161]Carlisle
   Cullen.

          "The warmth inside my heart got more and more real, warmer and
          warmer. Hotter. The heat was so real it was hard to believe I
          was imagining it. Hotter. Uncomfortable now. Too hot. Much, much
          too hot."

                ―Bella^[162][src]

   It is known in Twilight that humans can be changed into vampires from
   another vampire's venomous bite, and vampire venom is nothing more than
   a deadly poison to animals.

   Transformation from human to vampire is described as being "the
   sharpest memory they have of their human life." Once a human is bitten,
   the venom from glands inside the vampire's mouth is injected into the
   bloodstream and will travel throughout the body to change every living
   cell.

   Depending upon "how much venom is in the bloodstream, and how close the
   venom enters to the heart", the transformation could last anywhere from
   two to five days. During this time, the human will endure indescribable
   pain. Once the venom is injected, it is described very close to being
   burned alive. The venom will then make its way throughout the body.
   Next through the heart, and it will pump again and again in the heart
   until it starts meeting itself in the veins. Then it will burn all the
   veins until the heart stops beating. It moves slower than blood because
   it is thicker, which makes the transformation long-lasting. Each beat
   of the heart can only push it so far. The changing/burning process is
   slow. The venom has to saturate every cell in the body before the
   process can be completed.

   There is no medicine that is strong enough to numb the pain; the best
   one could do is to immobilize the body.

Weaknesses

   [163]1316px-Eclipse 6 dead victoria 1316px-Eclipse 6 dead victoria

   [164]Victoria is beheaded.

          "We have to kill him. Rip him apart and burn the pieces."

                ―Edward^[165][src]

   In the [166]Twilight universe, vampires are not known to be killed by
   human effort, are unharmed by sunlight, garlic, holy water, silver, any
   kind of stake or cross, and can enter homes without permission. Also,
   any kind of human weapon, including bullets, bounces off of them
   without any pain or harm done. The only known way to kill a vampire is
   to dismember his or her body and burn the remains before it can
   reconstruct itself. Thus their weakness is the strength of their own
   kind or something as strong, which cannot be copied by humans, and fire
   that consumes them. If a human were to succeed in lighting a vampire on
   fire, the vampire could simply take a quick high-speed bound to put it
   out. This is why it is necessary to rip a vampire's body to pieces
   before incinerating them into ashes, to prevent them from putting out
   the fire before it can do serious damage. In [167]Alice's vision in
   Breaking Dawn - Part 2, it appeared that vampires could be destroyed by
   molten lava. A number of vampires fell into the deep fissure made by
   [168]Benjamin and never came out of it; they were likely consumed by
   magma. During the final battle scene Aro says that humans possess
   weapons with enough capabilities to destroy their kind. This suggests
   that a vampire could be vaporized in a nuclear blast. Otherwise
   vampires are virtually indestructible.

   Vampires are more vulnerable in the movies than in the books: they can
   be killed by severing their heads from their necks. However, fire is
   still the only known method to destroy them completely.

Newborns

   [169]Sreencaps-Eclipse-Trailer-MTV-eclipse-movie-11726175-600-250
   Sreencaps-Eclipse-Trailer-MTV-eclipse-movie-11726175-600-250

   The [170]Seattle newborn army: an army of newborn vampires.

          "They're incredibly powerful physically, for the first year or
          so, and if they're allowed to bring strength to bear they can
          crush an older vampire with ease. But they are slaves to their
          thirst, and thus predictable."

                ―Jasper Hale^[171][src]

   Newborn or newborn vampire is the term for a vampire that has been
   transformed for less than one year. On average, a newborn's physical
   strength greatly surpasses that of an older vampire because they still
   have their own blood lingering in their tissues. As time passes,
   however, the venom in them will consume that blood, and the newborn's
   physical capabilities and thirst will slowly diminish until it reaches
   that of a normal vampire, by the end of its first year. A newborn's
   thirst for blood is overwhelmingly and relentlessly painful, described
   by [172]Bree Tanner as being a "fire in the throat", and they will feed
   as much as possible to curb it.

   Some indications which show a newborn are their bright crimson eyes
   (due to the blood left in their body at the time of changing),
   uncontrollable thirst that makes them more ferocious than most
   vampires, and superior physical abilities. In the Olympic Coven,
   [173]Emmett Cullen was the hardest to contain when he was a newborn
   because of his superior physical strength, though he did become a
   vegetarian successfully.

Physiology

   [174]Armwrestlingcsg Armwrestlingcsg

   Emmett arm wrestling with newborn Bella.

   Newborns appear much like normal vampires with the exception of their
   eyes. A newborn's eyes are an incredibly bright crimson, indicating
   that their own blood is still in their system, though their heart is no
   longer beating. In the months that a vampire feeds on animal blood,
   their eyes will change from red to amber and then to gold. If he
   reverts to feeding on human blood, the eyes will darken to be almost a
   burgundy color.

   Newborns are also incredibly powerful in the physical sense, being much
   stronger and faster than a regular vampire, which allows them to easily
   crush an older vampire. As they become older their strength begins to
   wane, and after the first year, their strength will be reduced to that
   of an average vampire. In [175]Breaking Dawn, Bella arm-wrestles with
   Emmett and wins easily because of her newborn strength.

Psychology

   [176]Newborns-kill Newborns-kill

   Two newborns attacking each other for blood.

   Newborns are often bloodthirsty, violent and uncontrollable. Their
   enhanced emotions are hard to control and they anger easily. They are
   also likely to kill one another to compete for blood. When they catch
   the scent of blood, their hunting instincts will take over and cloud
   their ability to focus, even the thought of the word "blood" is enough
   to make their thirst unbearable. The thirst is so maddening in the
   first year that most newborns are more animalistic and wild than their
   older counterparts. However, as time passes, their thirst will slowly
   diminish and become easier to manage. Their secondary human emotions
   and desires will mostly be dormant for a while, and resurface slowly
   over time.
   [177]Bella Bella

   Bella as a newborn.

   [178]Bella Swan is an exception to this rule, as she had time to think
   about her decision and therefore did not have the first brutal year
   that most vampires encounter. [179]Carlisle Cullen showed an amazing
   control of his thirst for human blood as a newborn, which kept him from
   feeding on humans and redirecting his thirst to animals instead.
   [180]Rosalie Hale had never tasted human blood, though she had killed
   her attackers and their bodyguards by torturing them to death.

   It is impossible to predict how long a newborn or an average vampire
   will remain vicious and bloodthirsty before their secondary desires and
   personality resurfaces, since every person is different. Certain
   vampires may have to wait for at least a few years after their first
   year ends.

History

   [181]The cullens vs newborns The cullens vs newborns

   The [182]Cullens against the newborns.

   In the 19th century, a vampire named [183]Benito invented the idea of
   raising an army consisting of newborn vampires, since their strength
   and speed were much greater than regular vampires and were therefore
   more powerful as a whole. His invention triggered the [184]vampire wars
   of the south, and devastated the human and vampire populations as a
   result. The threat of exposure caused the Volturi to arrive and stop
   them. Though the wars continued after they left, they fought on a
   smaller, less noticeable scale. A [185]newborn army also appeared in
   [186]Eclipse, created by a vengeful vampire named [187]Victoria to
   destroy the Cullen coven and Bella Swan. The newborns wreaked havoc in
   [188]Seattle, with many humans dying at their hands. When the Cullens
   find out that the army is moving in on them, they form an unusual
   alliance with the Uley pack and initiate a [189]battle against them,
   and win with much ease due to Jasper's knowledge of newborn movements
   and weaknesses.
   [190]The newborns army The newborns army

   Newborns in [191]Seattle.

   In Eclipse, [192]Jasper mentions a Mexican vampire named [193]Maria who
   had previously created an [194]army with his help. When the newborns
   reached the end of their first year and became of little use, he was to
   dispose of them. Except for one case, [195]Peter, who was kept as a
   babysitter for the newborns. Later he ran off with [196]Charlotte,
   after her newborn mark, to save her from execution. Years later, they
   came back to him, inviting him to the North and its better life. He
   accepted the invitation.

   The following is a list of vampires notably described during their
   newborn phase:
     * [197]Bella Swan
     * [198]Rosalie Hale
     * [199]Carlisle Cullen
     * [200]Emmett Cullen
     * [201]Bree Tanner
     * [202]Diego
     * [203]Fred
     * [204]Peter
     * [205]Charlotte
     * [206]Raoul

Immortal children

   [207]Vasilii23 Vasilii23

   [208]Vasilii: an immortal child.

          "What they were thinking, those ancient ones, I can't begin to
          understand. They created vampires out of humans who were barely
          more than infants… They were very beautiful. So endearing, so
          enchanting, you can't imagine. You had but to be near them to
          love them; it was an automatic thing. However, they could not be
          taught. They were frozen at whatever level of development they'd
          achieved before being bitten. Adorable two-year-olds with
          dimples and lisps that could destroy half a village in one of
          their tantrums. If they hungered, they fed, and no words of
          warning could restrain them… In the end, the practice was
          completely eliminated. The immortal children became
          unmentionable, a taboo."

                ―Carlisle, on the immortal children^[209][src]

   Immortal children are human children who have been turned into vampires
   at a very early age. Creating immortal children has long been outlawed
   by the [210]Volturi due to their inability to remain concealed from the
   human world. There is no absolute age limit set as to what constituted
   an immortal child; it was a subjective definition, based on the child's
   ability to behave himself in a way consistent with vampire law.

Physiology

   Like all vampires, immortal children are frozen at the mental and
   physical age at which they were transformed. Post-transformation, these
   small children continued to exhibit childish behaviors, including
   impulsive acts, tantrums, irresponsible activities, and a general lack
   of circumspection. It is said that an immortal child's tantrum can kill
   people, since restraint is basically impossible for someone so young.

   Another aspect was their appeal; they were both beautiful and endearing
   that any human or vampire would automatically love them. Carlisle
   described them as adorable little children with smiles and dimples that
   would destroy a village in one of their tantrums.

   It is presumed that while their mental maturity is frozen at the age
   they were transformed, they still have the vampiric gifts of enhanced
   strength and speed as well the supernatural gifts of certain vampires.

History

   [211]Screen-Shot-2012-09-07-at-8 07 21-PM Screen-Shot-2012-09-07-at-8
   07 21-PM

   The uncontrollable, childish behaviors of immortal children battled the
   vampire laws of secrecy, and these children often attracted the notice
   of humans.

   Because they were too young to be controlled, the [212]Volturi killed
   all those who could be found. Under [213]this law, anyone who knows
   about or stands by the child is also punishable. Countless humans and
   vampires were massacred because of these creations. The creators of
   immortal children and those who knew of them were utterly devoted to
   the children and opposed the Volturi at all costs to protect them, and
   were all destroyed in the process. [214]Sasha, the adopted mother of
   [215]Tanya, [216]Kate and [217]Irina, was killed for creating such a
   child named [218]Vasilii. [219]Jane and [220]Alec were barely above the
   age of immortal children before they turned.

   The Volturi found themselves punishing individual covens for the
   behavior of their immortal children with a much greater frequency than
   other occurrences of lawlessness. Because of the devotion inspired by
   immortal children, the Volturi were forced to destroy full covens in
   order to destroy one immortal child. After some study into the matter,
   the Volturi decreed that immortal children were not capable of
   following the law, and therefore it was made illegal to create them.
   Creating one had since become the worst crime in the vampire world,
   under penalty of death for both the child and its creator, whether the
   child had broken the law or not.

   Even after the law was established, the Volturi kept two children to
   experiment on. However, no matter how many centuries they'd spent
   teaching the children, they still could not be controlled or taught.
   [221]Carlisle Cullen stumbled across these children during his stay in
   Volterra and learned of this law. After they determined that immortal
   children could not be tamed, they had the children destroyed.

   In Book 3 of Breaking Dawn, Irina misidentified [222]Renesmee for being
   an immortal child because she witnessed her inhuman capabilities and
   beauty from a distance, prompting her to report the child to the
   Volturi.

Legends

Libishomen

   Libishomen is the word that people in South America (tribes like the
   Mapuche or the Ticunas) use to refer to vampires. Libishomen are blood
   drinking demons who prey exclusively on beautiful women. In the
   Twilight Saga, the vampire [223]Joham, who believes that he is creating
   a new race by impregnating women with half-mortal, half-vampire babies
   (like [224]Renesmee), would be called Libishomen. Joham has created
   half-mortals which include [225]Nahuel and his half-sisters. An
   alternate term for this being is "incubus."

Succubus

   [226]Twilight-Saga-Breaking-Dawn -jewelry by Swarovski
   Twilight-Saga-Breaking-Dawn -jewelry by Swarovski

   The [227]Denali coven's female vampires, with the exception of
   [228]Carmen, used to lure men to their deaths by seducing and engaging
   in sex with them before feeding on their victim. However, in the long
   term, the strain wore on them and the Denalis started to feed on animal
   blood. They, however, kept enjoying the company and nocturnal
   activities with men, both vampire and human, who by now could survive
   the experience. This may also be the origin of the succubus myth: a
   demon that assumes a woman's aspect, seducing men to have sex with it.

Deviations from traditional vampire legend

     * Vampires in the Twilight universe are hard to destroy, as they are
       not harmed or deterred in any way by sunlight, holy water, running
       water, garlic, stakes, crosses, or human weapons.
     * Rather than being viewed as supernatural beings, they are depicted
       in the series as more of an evolutionary anomaly race.
     * Their bodies and skin are made of a material that is as hard as
       diamond (if not harder); to humans it is impenetrable.
     * They are much stronger than most other vampires in fiction. Some
       are strong enough to stop a cement truck on a freeway with one
       hand.
     * They sparkle like diamonds in the sunlight.
     * They are reflected by mirrors and show up in photographs.
     * They have no need for coffins; they do not sleep.
     * They are not theriomorphic - meaning, they cannot transform their
       bodies.
     * They do not have fangs as all of their teeth are unbreakable, and
       incredibly sharp and strong - strong enough to easily chew through
       steel, or their diamond hard skin.
     * A vampire society has developed, with a conduct code that provides
       them with a greater chance of survival than if they were alone.

Enemies

   [229]VW3 VW3

   A shape-shifter vs. a vampire.

   Vampires are said to have two natural enemies: [230]werewolves and
   [231]shape-shifters; to each of the creatures the other smells
   repulsive. These smells are too enhanced for a human sense of smell.
   Vampires are said to be stronger than shape-shifters, and can usually
   overpower them easily. In [232]Quileute history, one lone vampire was
   able to kill three wolves at one time, and the same vampire managed to
   kill two of the three wolves that hunted him another time, while the
   third managed to rip him apart. A true werewolf's greatest advantage to
   its battle against vampires is their immunity to vampire venom.

   Vampires often [233]fight amongst themselves. There had been many cases
   throughout history where vampires created armies of newborns to
   challenge one another and gain territory.

   If a vampire's mate is attacked or killed, then he or she will likely
   seek revenge, hunting down and killing the attacker.

   In Eclipse and Breaking Dawn, the Cullens and La Push shape-shifters
   become allies, mostly because of Jacob's imprinting on Renesmee.


   #[1]True Blood Wiki (en) [2]copyright [3]True Blood Wiki Atom feed

   [4]Vampire

   [p?c1=2&c2=6177433&c3=&c4=&c5=&c6=&c7=http%3A%2
   F%2Ftrueblood.wikia.com%2Fwiki%2FVampire%3Fcomscorekw%3Dwikiacsid_enter
   tainment&c15=&cv=2.0&cj=1]

   Quantcast

Wikia

   [5]Skip to Content [6]Skip to Wiki Navigation [7]Skip to Site
   Navigation
   [8]Wikia
     * [9]Comics
     * [10]TV
     * [11]Movies
     * [12]Music
     * [13]Books
     * [14]Games
     * [15]Lifestyle

     * WHAT’S HOT
     * [16]Supergirl
     * [17]The Walking Dead
     * [18]Quantico

     * COMING SOON
     * [19]Elementary
     * [20]The Librarians
     * [21]Into the Badlands

     * ANIME TO WATCH
     * [22]One Punch Man
     * [23]Noragami Aragoto
     * [24]Cardfight!! Vanguard G: GIRS Crisis

     * MOBILE APPS
     * [25]The Walking Dead
     * [26]Avatar
     * [27]Adventure Time

   [28]More TV
   [yH5BAEAAAEALAAAAAABAAEAQAICTAEAOw%3D%3D] [Search this wikia__]
   ____________________ Submit
     * Sign In [yH5BAEAAAEALAAAAAABAAEAQAICTAEAOw%3D%3D]
       [29]Register

       Username ____________________
       Password ____________________
       [30]Forgot your password?
       [ ] Stay logged in
       Log in

       Or
       [31]Connect

   [32]Start a wikia

[33]True Blood Wiki

True Blood Wiki Navigation

     * [34]On the Wiki
          + [35]Wiki Activity
          + [36]Random page
          + [37]Videos
          + [38]Photos
          + [39]Chat
          + [40]Forum
          + [41]Maps
     * [42]The Show
          + [43]The Seasons [yH5BAEAAAEALAAAAAABAAEAQAICTAEAOw%3D%3D]
               o [44]Season 1
               o [45]Season 2
               o [46]Season 3
               o [47]Season 4
               o [48]Season 5
               o [49]Season 6
               o [50]Season 7
          + [51]The Episodes [yH5BAEAAAEALAAAAAABAAEAQAICTAEAOw%3D%3D]
               o [52]Season 1 Episodes
               o [53]Season 2 Episodes
               o [54]Season 3 Episodes
               o [55]Season 4 Episodes
               o [56]Season 5 Episodes
               o [57]Season 6 Episodes
               o [58]Season 7 Episodes
          + [59]The Characters [yH5BAEAAAEALAAAAAABAAEAQAICTAEAOw%3D%3D]
               o [60]Eric Northman
               o [61]Russell Edgington
               o [62]Godric
               o [63]Jessica Hamby
               o [64]Bill Compton
               o [65]Sookie Stackhouse
               o [66]Pam Swynford De Beaufort
          + [67]The Vampires [yH5BAEAAAEALAAAAAABAAEAQAICTAEAOw%3D%3D]
               o [68]Eric Northman
               o [69]Russell Edgington
               o [70]Godric
               o [71]Jessica Hamby
               o [72]Bill Compton
               o [73]Vampire
               o [74]Pam Swynford De Beaufort
          + [75]The Supernatural [yH5BAEAAAEALAAAAAABAAEAQAICTAEAOw%3D%3D]
               o [76]Vampire
               o [77]Faerie
               o [78]Shapeshifter
               o [79]Skinwalker
               o [80]Maenad
               o [81]Werewolf
     * [82]Photo Galleries
          + [83]Cast Galleries
          + [84]Character Galleries
          + [85]Season Galleries
          + [86]Power/Supernatural Galleries
     * [87]Community
          + [88]Affiliates
          + [89]Policies & Parent Filter
          + [90]Community Blogs
          + [91]Forums
          + [92]Active Contributors
            [yH5BAEAAAEALAAAAAABAAEAQAICTAEAOw%3D%3D]
               o [93]QueenBuffy
               o [94]Adamantoise
               o [95]Viand
               o [96]Opark 77
               o [97]Kyokumi
               o [98]Maxjaller
               o [99]Coleon
          + [100]Administrators
     * [101]Helping Out
          + [102]Getting started
          + [103]Wikia University
          + [104]Wiki tutorial
          + [105]Help pages
          + [106]PNA [yH5BAEAAAEALAAAAAABAAEAQAICTAEAOw%3D%3D]
               o [107]Orphaned pages
               o [108]Broken redirects
               o [109]Wanted pages
               o [110]Dead-end pages

   [yH5BAEAAAEALAAAAAABAAEAQAICTAEAOw%3D%3D]
   Contribute [yH5BAEAAAEALAAAAAABAAEAQAICTAEAOw%3D%3D]
     * [111]Create a Map
     * [112]Add a Video
     * [113]Add a Photo
     * [114]Add a Page
     * [115]Wiki Activity

   [116]Watchlist [117]Random page [118]Recent changes

Vampire

   1,538pages on
   this wiki
   [119]View source [yH5BAEAAAEALAAAAAABAAEAQAICTAEAOw%3D%3D]
     * [120]History

   [121]Talk22

   Vampire
   [122]Queen-vampire-feeds-01
   Species Information
   Season(s)
   [123]1, [124]2, [125]3, [126]4, [127]5, [128]6, [129]7
   Mentioned in
   {{{Mentioned}}}
   Also Known As
     * Vampyr
     * Fangers

   Notable features
   Extendable fangs
   Pale skin
   Origin
   Powers
     * Immortality
     * Superhuman physical abilities
     * Enhanced healing factor
     * Superhuman senses
     * [130]Glamouring
     * Eidetic memory
     * Flight
     * Voice mimicking

   [[:Category:{{{Images}}}|Images]]

          "Just because you understand the mechanics of how something
          works, does not make it any less of a miracle ... which is just
          another word for magic. We're all kept alive by magic, Sookie.
          My magic's just a little different from yours, that's all."
          ―[131]Bill Compton, to [132]Sookie Stackhouse^[133][src]

   Vampires are reanimated corpses that drink [134]blood to survive and
   maintain their powers. They were originally [135]humans converted into
   a vampire by a "[136]maker". Being technically deceased, their primary
   characteristics include a lack of a heartbeat, body heat, brainwaves,
   electrical impulses, need to breathe, and other bodily functions.

   On the [137]HBO original series [138]True Blood, due to the creation of
   synthetic blood ([139]Tru Blood), vampires have revealed themselves to
   the global population. As vampires are able to sustain themselves on
   synthetic blood instead of human blood, vampire representatives have
   assured the human population that vampires are no threat. Vampires live
   in close contact with humans, but retain their own laws and traditions.

   Reactions to vampires vary greatly. They are considered legal citizens
   within the United States, albeit with limited rights and strict rules.

Contents

   [[140]show]

History

Origin

   [141]Lilith

   [142]Lilith, the first vampire ever

   Vampires have existed since the beginning of humanity. According to the
   [143]Vampire Bible, [144]God created the first vampire, [145]Lilith,
   followed by the creation of the first humans, Adam and Eve. They were
   said to have been created as sustenance for Lilith, but the truth of
   this statement is unknown. Members of the [146]Fellowship of the Sun
   have their own theories of the first vampire, including Jesus (who rose
   from the dead), Lazarus (who also rose from the dead), and Cain (the
   son of Adam and Eve, who committed the first murder). However, most
   humans from among the right-wing Christians believe that vampires were
   created by the Devil and that they have no souls.

   [147]Bill Compton has stated that, many centuries ago, vampires created
   many of the vampire myths themselves in order to protect themselves.
   For instance, since it was believed that vampires could not be seen in
   the mirror, a vampire could prove that they weren't a vampire by
   appearing in a mirror. Other myths include holy water, holy grounds
   (i.e. religious buildings and establishments), crucifixes, and
   photography (i.e. it is possible to take a photograph of a vampire),
   which have no actual effect on vampires.

1600's

   In 1610, a powerful witch named [148]Antonia Gavilán de Logroño cast a
   spell that summoned all vampires within a 20 mile radius to expose
   themselves to sunlight. This caused a number of vampires to die.

2000's

   [149]Revelationfrontpage

   In 2006, vampires revealed their existence to humans, an event referred
   to as "[150]the Great Revelation", "coming out of the coffin" and
   "mainstreaming". During the revelation, vampires began claiming that
   vampirism did not indicate rising from the dead, but that it was a
   disease which makes vampires allergic to sunlight and alters their
   dietary needs.

   In 2008, vampire [151]Stan Baker, along with other vampires under his
   command, orchestrated the murder of [152]Theodore Newlin, his wife, and
   his daughter. Newlin was the reverend of [153]The Fellowship of the
   Sun, a political anti-vampire church. He was succeeded by his son,
   [154]Steve Newlin.

   In 2010, vampire [155]Russell Edgington ripped out the spine of TBBN
   newscaster [156]Jerry McCafferty on live television, which increased
   prejudice and hate crimes towards vampires. In addition, Russell became
   the poster boy of the [157]Sanguinista movement, sparking more conflict
   between humans and vampires.

   In 2011, 400 years after the death of Antonia Gavilán de Logroño, a
   witch named [158]Marnie Stonebrook summoned her spirit. Antonia used
   Marnie as a host to control her, and cast the same spell she cast in
   1610. However, as the vampires knew of her intentions, only one vampire
   perished. Marnie mentions vampires being politically powerful
   throughout the centuries, writing propaganda on witches and
   exaggerating many of their myths.

Creation

Turning

   [159]Turning Turning

   Willa Burrell being made vampire by Eric.

   In order to [160]create a vampire, a human must be drained of their
   blood by a vampire and the blood lost needs to be replaced by some of
   the vampire's blood. The vampire and human must then sleep in the
   ground until the newborn rises as a vampire the following night. The
   newborn and the [161]maker will subsequently have a maker-progeny bond,
   unless the maker deserts or releases their progeny.

   Newborn vampires will be thirsty and will need to feed to survive.
   Although newborns have some control of their abilities, they are mostly
   controlled by their impulses and can cause serious harm and accidental
   deaths to humans around them. In addition, newborns cannot resist blood
   at all, as resistance develops with age.

   A newborn's existence depends upon their abilities, which are taught to
   them by their maker. These abilities take time to learn and develop. As
   vampires age, they become more adept at controlling their abilities.
   According to Bill Compton, two-thirds of newborns die during their
   first year without the guidance of their makers.

Bond and Relationship between Maker and Progeny

   [162]GodricS2EP05 GodricS2EP05

   Godric about to become the maker of Eric

   A maker has a deep connection with his or her progeny, something that
   humans cannot fully understand or experience. During the transformation
   from human to vampire,  the maker and soon-to-be progeny "share their
   essence" whilst buried in the ground, a supernatural process that not
   even vampires understand.

   Maker-progeny relationships vary between individuals. Vampires
   [163]Rosalyn Harris and [164]Bill Compton treat their progeny like
   humans treat children, and have an exclusively parental relationship.
   On the other hand, vampires [165]Lorena Krasiki and [166]Russell
   Edgington create progeny to prolong romantic and sexual relationships,
   and have spousal relationships with their progeny.
   [167]Bill jessica Bill jessica

   Bill teach his progeny Jessica how to live the Tru Blood.

   Most vampires do not take becoming a maker lightly, as evidenced by
   Eric Northman, who has only produced two progeny in a millennia, and
   Bill Compton, who has produced one in 175 years. However, [168]Pamela
   Swynford de Beaufort has admitted to creating a progeny out of
   curiosity, and Rosalyn Harris has created 204 progeny in 211 years.

   A progeny may turn a vampire and become a maker themselves while still
   under the influence of their own maker. The grandparent/grandmaker has
   no control over the grandchild/grandprogeny.

Maker Abilities

   A maker has a certain amount of control over their progeny due to the
   maker-progeny bond.
     * Calling: a maker can "call" their progeny by saying their name out
       loud, causing the progeny to become aware their maker is calling
       out for them. The progeny experiences a shiver, and may be able to
       tell where their maker is.
     * Commanding: a maker can force their progeny to do anything they
       want, as long as they say "as your maker, I command you", given
       that the progeny hasn't been released.
     * Strength: as strength increases with age, most makers are stronger
       than their progeny. However, three vampires have slain their
       makers: [169]Godric, [170]Russell Edgington, and [171]Macklyn
       Warlow.
     * Empathic link: a maker can sense any pain or duress the progeny
       undergoes, and know when a progeny has died. It is unknown if a
       progeny can sense these in their maker. [172]BillCallingJessica
       BillCallingJessica
       Bill calling his Progeny, Jessica (click for animation)
     * Releasing: if a maker says "as your maker, I release you", their
       progeny will be released from the maker-progeny bond, and cannot be
       controlled anymore. Following release, a maker can still call their
       progeny, but the progeny will not be compelled to answer the call.

Characteristics

Biology

Appearance

   [173]Season2 vamps Season2 vamps

   Vampires preparing to feed on a human

   Vampires are indistinguishable from humans, and appear as they did when
   they were turned, albeit with a paler complexion due to lack of blood
   flow. Also, they have fangs that usually extend and retract willingly,
   though they can be stimulated to unwillingly extend. Some other
   vampires' eyes also turn red, such as [174]Liam McKnight, as he
   demonstrated that he can change his eye color into blood-red.

   Vampires remain identical forever after they are turned. Due to this,
   vampires cannot lose or gain weight (as explained by [175]Eddie
   Gauthier, who said that, due to lack of exercise and a bad diet as a
   human, he remained overweight as a vampire) ("[176]I Don't Wanna
   Know"), or change their body in any way (for instance, [177]Jessica
   Hamby was a virgin when she was turned, and, after having sex, her
   hymen grew back).

   Vampires can presumably grow hair, as [178]Eric Northman cuts his hair,
   [179]Lorena Krasiki's hair is shown to vary in length, and
   [180]Franklin Mott states that he shaves.

Anatomy

   Vampires are recognizable from their fangs, which are located behind
   the maxillary lateral incisors (as opposed to the canines, as per
   vampire mythology). Fangs can be extended and retracted by choice, and
   are controlled by the movements of certain facial muscles. However,
   fangs protrude automatically when vampires are feeding, angry, excited,
   sexually aroused (colloquially referred to as a "fang boner"), need to
   fight, or see blood. Fangs can also be removed, but grow back after
   three months. Without fangs, vampires cannot feed on live victims
   unless the victim is already wounded.

   Due to the lack of blood flow, vampires do not have any bodily
   functions. Because of this, vampires do not produce waste, and are
   unable to become pregnant, impregnate female humans or supernatural
   creatures, and have lower body temperatures than humans.

   Vampires have anatomically different tear ducts from humans, as they
   expel blood, not tears.

   Although vampires do not need to breathe, most still do out of habit,
   to aid in speaking, and for a sense of smell.

Feeding

   [181]S05E04 Pam and Tara002 S05E04 Pam and Tara002

   Pam teaches Tara how to feed without killing

   Vampires are reliant on human or synthetic blood, as they cannot ingest
   normal food or drinks, nor supernatural blood (with the exception of
   [182]faeries).

   [183]Synthetic blood is comprised of a varied cellular content, and
   comes in flavors such as O, A, B and AB, in both positive and negative
   varieties. Although Tru Blood can sustain a vampire nutritionally, it
   does not truly satisfy the vampire's cravings. Because of this, many
   vampires opt to drink human blood. Allegedly, virgin and baby blood
   taste the best, and faerie blood is expressly sought out by vampires,
   being referred to as "catnip for vampires".

   If a vampire abstains from drinking blood, they will experience the
   "bleeds", during which the vampire will begin to bleed from their ears
   and nose. In addition, vampires experience the bleeds if they do not
   sleep during the day. The bleeds stop when the vampire feeds or sleeps,
   depending on what caused the bleeds in the first place. If a vampire
   experiences the bleeds long enough, they will perish.

   While vampires are unable to hold in anything but blood, they can
   experience joy in smoking cigars and cigarettes. Since their bodies
   heal any damage rapidly, smoking will not have any lasting effect on a
   vampire.

   A vampire that has been incapacitated without the ability to feed will
   henceforth continue living, albeit in great constant suffering due to
   the lack of sustenance, and will eventually perish.

Vampire Blood

   Vampire blood, or "[184]V", is the life essence of vampires.

   It is illegal to hold or ingest vampire blood due to its drug
   qualities, and, since the Great Revelation, there has been a growing
   black market for vampire blood. Some vampires are kidnapped by
   "Drainers", who are people that capture, drain and leave vampires for
   dead in order to get vampire blood. Vampire blood is sold for $200–$600
   per 1/4-ounce, and is ingested in small amounts (1-2 drops). If the
   blood is not fresh, it can be cut with aspirin to prevent it from
   coagulating, and to extend the high.

   Vampire blood has the following effects on humans and supernatural
   creatures:
     * Bonding: if the user drinks fresh blood from a vampire, a psychic
       and emotional bond is created. The human will become sexually
       attracted to and have sexual dreams about the vampire. The vampire,
       in turn, will be able to sense the location, emotions and state of
       the human.

     * Enhanced abilities: the user will experience enhanced strength,
       senses, aggression, and libido, which will last as long as the
       blood is in their system.

     * Drug qualities: the user may experience hallucinations, which vary
       from person to person (for instance, while [185]Jesus Velasquez and
       [186]Lafayette Reynolds experienced spiritual hallucinations,
       [187]Jason Stackhouse and [188]Amy Burley experienced more
       trip-like hallucinations).

     * Healing: a human or supernatural creature that ingests vampire
       blood will be able to heal wounds at an accelerated rate.

     * Withdrawal symptoms: if the user is addicted to vampire blood and
       stops ingesting it, they will experience withdrawal symptoms, which
       are similar to those of heroin withdrawal (such as tremors, cramps,
       muscle and bone pain, perspiration, tachycardia, etc).

   In addition, if a human ingests an excess amount of vampire blood (i.e.
   more than 1-2 drops), the effects may persist longer than intended. For
   instance, after he drank a vial of vampire blood, Jason Stackhouse
   experienced sweating, exhaustion, and a persistent erection (which
   caused priapism), resulting in [189]Tara Thornton taking him to the
   hospital.

Psychology

   Vampires are predatory creatures, and are far more brutal than their
   human appearance suggest. Although they can control themselves in a
   sophisticated and human manner, duress reduces them to a more feral
   state. For instance, threats or insults are met with hissing, growling,
   and baring their fangs.

   Vampires are capable of human emotions, such as compassion, love, and
   self-control. However, vampire emotions are not as intense as human
   emotions.

   Vampires appear to become more human with age, exhibiting more emotions
   and understanding of humans and other supernatural creatures. For
   instance, [190]Godric, who lived for +2,000 years, evolved from a
   brutal and savage vampire who believed humans were inferior to a calm,
   peaceful vampire who, shortly before committing suicide, stated that he
   felt a co-existence between humans and vampires could exist.
   Additionally, when +3,000 year old vampire [191]Russell Edgington lost
   his progeny/husband of 700 years, [192]Talbot Angelis, he began a
   murderous rampage that eventually ended in his death. [193]Macklyn
   Warlow, who is older than both Russell and Godric, when faced with the
   prospect of Sookie going back on her word, threw a child-like temper
   tantrum endangering the lives of Sookie and her friends, and his
   actions ultimately led to his demise.

Aging

   Vampires are immortal, and do not physically age, remaining identical
   forever after becoming vampires. The only noticeable effects of aging
   are that they become physically stronger with age, and more vulnerable
   to sunlight.

Powers and Abilities

   The supernatural forces that sustain them beyond mortal death also
   endow them with immortality, heightened senses, and superhuman
   abilities which make them physically superior to humans.

Common Abilities

     * Eidetic Memory - Vampires are said to possess perfect recall and to
       be unable to forget. Their minds are often called "vaults" in which
       they store all information permanently.
     * Fangs - Vampires can grow fangs that they use to feed themselves,
       they might come out when a vampire is close to blood or angry. The
       bite of a vampire can sever the limbs of humans and other
       creatures.

   [194]SophieAnneFlight SophieAnneFlight

   Sophie levitates to soon take flight.
     * Flight - Some vampires have the ability to fly. It is suggested
       that older vampires can fly, while younger vampires can merely
       levitate. When [195]Sookie Stackhouse asks Eric Northman if all
       vampires can fly, Eric responds "can all humans sing?", suggesting
       that not all vampires have this ability.

   [196]Glamour1 Glamour1

   Jessica using Glamour on [197]Hoyt Fortenberry
     * Glamour - Vampires are able to "glamour" humans and a few of the
       more common supernatural creatures such as werewolves. Glamour is a
       form of hypnosis or mind compulsion, which requires vampires to
       make eye contact and use their voices to make humans do their
       bidding. Glamouring does not affect other vampires, powerful
       witches, [198]maenads or fairies. Excessive glamouring can have a
       negative effect on the mental stability of a victim. Glamouring is
       not an innate ability, as it needs to be taught and practiced.
       Vampires can glamour at least two humans at the same time, as both
       [199]Jessica Hamby and [200]Eric Northman have been seen to do so.

     * Healing Factor - Vampires have an accelerated healing factor. They
       are able to heal all types of wounds, including open wounds,
       massive burns and tissue damage. If an injury is severe, vampires
       need human blood to initiate the healing process. They are also
       immune to all disease, save for [201]Hepatitis D and [202]V.
     * Superhuman Durability - Vampires are able endure physical pain
       better than humans and can recover from attacks that would cripple,
       maim, or kill humans with minimal effort.
     * Superhuman Senses - Vampires have much stronger senses than humans.
       They are able to see, hear and smell better and can even see in
       complete darkness.

   [203]Picture 1 Picture 1

   Lorena displays superhuman speed
     * Superhuman Speed - Vampires are the fastest supernatural creatures.
       They are able to move much faster than humans and even faster than
       the human eye can perceive. Vampires themselves however, are able
       to perceive this movement. Their vision and reflexes are
       accelerated like their movement, as shown when Eric Northman was
       able to perceive a speeding bullet in slow motion, and himself in
       normal motion while moving at superhuman speed. Speed, just like
       strength, advances with age, as older vampires are significantly
       faster than younger vampires. In addition, vampires have heightened
       reflexes.
     * Superhuman Strength - Vampires are noticeably physically stronger
       than humans, [204]werewolves and [205]shapeshifters. They slowly
       grow stronger with age and experience; older vampires can subdue
       younger ones with minimal to no effort. Feats of their strength
       include being able to press the weight of a small car, uproot
       trees, dismember grown men, and flip mobile homes over. Even
       newborn vampires generally have the advantage of physical strength
       when in direct hand-to-hand combat with a human; able to
       single-handedly lift a grown man off the ground and hurl him across
       a room.

     * Voice Imitation - Vampires are able to imitate voices; for
       instance, Bill Compton has been shown to be able to imitate Eric
       Northman, while Eric himself has been able to mimic the voice of a
       guard at Governor Burrell's [206]Vamp Camp.

Unique Abilities

   [207]Lilith, the [208]sirens and Bill (Billith) showed some abilities
   not possessed by other vampires.
     * [209]BIG BIG
       Lilith rips the head of Godric, a 2,000+ year old vampire
       Advanced Vampiric Abilities - The powers of [210]Lilith, either
       because of age or other factors were far more developed than in
       normal vampires. After consuming the blood of Lilith, Bill's
       strength has increased to such an extent that he was able to easily
       overpower a 1,000 + year old vampire like Eric and easily
       manhandled a weakened Warlow (who is over 5,500 years old). In
       addition, much earlier, an apparition of Lilith was able to
       surprise Godric and rip off his head.

     * Advanced Progeny Calling: This call is much more powerful than
       normal and may cause the progeny to vomit blood and suffer from
       acute chest pains if not responded to.

     * Astral Projection: The spirit of Lilith can manifest herself
       physically; even after her true death. Lilith can also project her
       consciousness into the minds of those who consume her blood. Bill
       is also capable of astral projection, if almost completely drained
       of his blood Bill may appear on the astral plane where he currently
       resides Lilith.

     * [211]Blood abilities: The blood of Lilith can affect other vampires
       in the same way that if affects humans, causing euphoria, increased
       thirst of blood, and allowing the spirit of Lilith to connect with
       the consumer.

     * Glamour Advanced - The sirens have demonstrated the power to put a
       person in a state somewhat hypnotic.

     * Haemokinesis - Lilith, the Sirens and only to a lesser extent, Bill
       can be covered with the blood and also make the blood dissipate at
       will. Lilith also seems to have control over her blood, even after
       she died the true death. During his "coma", Bill was able to drink
       all the blood of a donor simply making travel from the body up to
       its mouth.

     * Intangibility / Invisibility - The sirens and Lilith are intangible
       and invisible to normal vampires.

     * Longer Fangs - Lilith's, the sirens' and Bill's fangs are longer
       and sharper than those of a normal vampires.

     * Precognition - Bill had acquired clairvoyance and now has the
       ability to perceive the future and was capable of Panempathy with
       all the vampires in the world. As he states that he can feel their
       "pain".

     * Self-Control - Both Lilith and Bill have been shown to maintain an
       enormous degree of self-control in the presence of faeries and
       [212]Halflings, which is highly impressive as the scent of Faerie
       blood is highly appealing to vampires.

     * Species Detection - Bill could determine the species of an
       individual with the view and not just smell, he could view the
       luminescence emitting from Sookie's mouth whilst she spoke.

     * [213]Who Are You, Really Gallery6 Who Are You, Really Gallery6
       Bill survives the stakeout
       Stake, Fire & Invitation Immunity - Bill was immune to fire and
       survived a direct stake to the heart without too much damage. Bill
       can also enter the house of human beings without an invitation.
       Bill is also supposedly immune to silver but is still vulnerable to
       sunlight.

     * [214]Bill's Tele Bill's Tele
       Bill manifest telekinesis, to save the falling cup
       [215]Telekinesis - Bill could freeze and move objects with his
       mind. His power was so powerful it could even shake a whole house.

     * [216]Teleportation: While on the astral plane Lilith and the sirens
       have demonstrated the ability to appear and disappear in a cloud of
       blood.

Weaknesses

   Vampires have a number of weaknesses, which range from irritating to
   fatal (it should be noted that the death of a vampire is referred to as
   the "true death").

Common Weaknesses

     * Decapitation: If the head of a vampire is severed completely, the
       vampire will perish. Breaking the neck of a vampire only causes
       mild discomfort.

     * [217]SookieresendingInvitation SookieresendingInvitation
       Sookie uninviting Bill
       Entry to homes: Vampires cannot enter private human homes unless
       they are invited in by the owner of the house. Vampires do not need
       to be invited into public places (such as bars or restaurants).
       Humans can rescind their invitations from vampires, which causes
       the vampire to immediately leave the house. Vampires can get around
       this by glamouring a person into inviting them in. Ancient vampires
       might not be subjected to this weakness, suggested by Bill who
       drank Lilith's whole remaining blood and Warlow that has never been
       invited to Sookie's house. The death of the human owner of a
       residence allows any vampire to enter even without an invitation.

     * Excess blood: If a vampire drinks too much blood, they will display
       alcohol intoxication-like qualities (such as euphoria, confusion,
       stupor, etc).

     * Exsanguination: If a vampire is completely drained of their blood,
       they can become comatose, and eventually perish.

     * Fire: Vampires can heal from burns, if given time and blood.
       However, if a vampire cannot take the time to heal from the burns,
       the vampire will die.

     * Garlic: Garlic is "irritating" to vampires. Likely vampires find
       the smell of garlic annoying due to their acute senses.

     * [218]Hepatitis D: A virus that can be transmitted through blood
       that weakens vampires for about a month.

     * [219]Hepatitis V: A new strain of the hepatitis disease that can be
       spread to them via sexually, ingestion, and injection. Once in the
       vampire's system, the vampire will begin to weaken and eventually
       die.

     * [220]Maenad blood: If a vampire drinks maenad blood, they will
       begin to choke and vomit.

     * [221]Magic: Vampires have no particular resistance to the effects
       of magic, and are vulnerable to [222]necromancy.

     * Silver: Any contact with silver will burn and melt the surface of
       the vampire it touches.

     * Sleep or blood deprivation: If a vampire does not sleep during the
       day, or does not feed for a period of time, they will experience
       the "bleeds". The bleeds refer to vampires bleeding from their ears
       and noses. If a vampire continues to be deprived of sleep or blood,
       they will die from blood loss.

     * [223]BillSunlight BillSunlight
       Bill in the sun.
       Sunlight: Vampires cannot endure ultra-violet light in any form. If
       a vampire comes into contact with sunlight, their skin will burn
       and they will be severely weakened, and, eventually, burst into
       flames and perish. The older a vampire is, the quicker they will
       burn; when [224]Godric walked into sunlight, he perished in about
       30 seconds, while Bill Compton was just severely charred after 3
       minutes. UV light burns heal more slowly than regular burns, such
       as those inflicted by fire.

     * [225]3x09 -franklin gets shot with a wooden bullet by jason 1 3x09
       -franklin gets shot with a wooden bullet by jason 1
       Franklin after being staked.
       Wood: Vampires are susceptible to wood and wooden objects,
       including stakes and wooden bullets. If the heart of a vampire is
       pierced with a wooden object, the vampire will explode, and leave a
       mass of blood where they were previously standing. Ancient vampires
       can become possibly immune to staking, as seen when Sookie staked
       Bill, who was able to remove the stake without meeting the final
       death. If so, the age of a vampire rendered immune to staking is
       really ancient, as neither Russell nor Warlow were immune, though
       they were from 2,800 to 5,500 years old.

Enhancements

   Vampires can achieve a temporary invulnerability to at least some of
   their weaknesses consuming the blood of a [226]Faerie.

Faerie Blood

   Depending on the amount of blood drank, vampires grow immune to their
   weakness to sunlight after drinking fairy blood. The effects last
   shortly, however, and the pureness of the blood is a factor too; after
   drinking a hybrid's blood, [227]Russell Edgington burned in the sun
   quite shortly afterwards (though the blood did prevent him from
   bursting into blue flames like [228]Godric), while Eric Northman spent
   at least an hour in the sun after completely draining a full-blooded
   faerie.
   [229]Russ Russ

   Delayed true death of Russell.

   [230]Russell Edgington has been shown to be able to resist for a short
   time at the stakeout after drinking the blood of Fairy. At first his
   wounds begin to expel a bright light, because of the blood Faerie,
   shocking everyone including Russell, who thinks the fairy blood would
   allow him to survive. However, in light of the fairies expulsion from
   him soon wears off and proceed to decompose and implodes meeting the
   true death. It is further to be doubted that Faerie blood renders a
   vampire immune to staking when even [231]Warlow, a vampire over 2,600
   years older and Faerie-vampire was not able to resist the staking.

   Also, when a vampire has drunk the blood of a fairy, become immune to
   the magic of the fairies including photokinesis and are able to see
   them when transmitting invisible.

Faerie-Vampire Blood

   Blood of a Faerie-vampire will allow a vampire to walk the sun
   indefinably. The effect of faerie-vampire blood disappears immediately
   upon the death of the source, regardless of distance. It can be both
   felt and has a visible light expulsion effect when it occurs.

Sociology

Government

   Vampires have their own governmental system.
     * [232]The Authority: They highest ranking governmental body is The
       Authority, which has existed for several centuries and oversees all
       vampires. All vampires, regardless of age, must respect the
       Authority.
     * Magisters: Magisters give rulings directly under the Authority.
       They rule over entire continents.
     * [233]Vampire monarch: Directly under the Magister are the vampire
       Kings and Queens. Vampire Territories are divided into kingdoms and
       queendoms, which are ruled by a king or a queen, or both. Each
       kingdom or queendom is furthermore split into areas.
     * Vampire Sheriff: Vampire kingdoms are divided into smaller
       territories called area's. These areas are each overseen by a
       Sheriff. A sheriff is mostly the oldest and most powerful vampire
       in the area. His/her duties include maintaining order among the
       regular vampires and reporting back to the monarch.
     * [234]Nests: Within areas, vampires can arrange themselves into
       nests, in which a group of vampires live together. The hierarchy of
       a vampire nest follows by age. Ranging from oldest to youngest.

Social Interactions

   Within vampire communities, most vampires live in harmony, and racism
   and homophobia are virtually non-existent.

   Some humans display bigoted and racist attitudes towards vampires due
   to fear. Others support the Vampire Rights Amendment (which campaigns
   for equal rights between humans and vampires).

Human Interactions

   [235]Nanflanagan Nanflanagan

   Nan Flanagan on TBBN as a representative of AVL.

   Since the Great Revelation, vampires have been involved in human
   politics through organizations such as the [236]American Vampire
   League, in order to campaign for equal rights for vampire, such as
   allowing vampire-human marriages.
   [237]878603 878603

   The festival of tolerance, an event pro-vampire.

   Vampires have been shown to be tolerated by the United States, Canada,
   the United Kingdom, Japan, and the majority of MED countries. However,
   vampires are hunted in the majority of Islamic and South American
   countries, and most African countries refuse to acknowledge the
   existence of vampires.

   Vampires maintain differing opinions concerning humans. The Authority
   and the American Vampire League aim for mainstreaming. While some
   vampires agree that humans and vampires should be equals, others
   believe that vampires are above humans. The Sanguinista movement is
   opposed to mainstreaming and supports the belief that vampires should
   dominate humans.

   Nonetheless, vampires have engaged in relationships with humans, in
   which vampires claim a human they believe needs protecting, or whom
   they care about. The vampire identifies the human as "theirs", and this
   claim prevents other vampires from touching the human. A vampire can
   only claim one human, and a human cannot be claimed by multiple
   vampires at the same time. Vampire groupies, or people who have sex
   with and are willingly bitten by vampires, are referred to as "fang
   bangers", which is viewed as a derogatory term.

Supernatural Interactions

   Vampires dislike shapeshifters and werewolves. They are accepting of
   practicing witches, but do not condone necromancy, as this is a
   possible threat to them. Vampires find faeries irresistible because the
   smell of their blood is extremely enticing to them.

   The majority of Vampires does not know about the existence of Maenads.
   This is shown when neither Bill nor Eric knew what Maryann Forrester
   was and had to seek Queen Sophie Anne`s assistance. Sophie Anne only
   knew about Maenads due to a book she had. It can be assumed that
   Vampires are not too fond of Maenads as their black blood is poisonous.

Law

Laws

   [238]Punished vampire Punished vampire

   A vampire who has broken the law.

   Vampires live according to the laws of the Authority. Magisters, kings
   and queens however, can declare edicts and create new laws. Laws among
   vampires include:
     * Killing another vampire.
     * Selling vampire blood.
     * Feeding from another vampire's human (punished by fang removal).
     * Stealing wealth, real estate, or other property (including humans)
       from other vampires.
     * When a vampire enters or departs an area, the vampire is required
       to make this known to the sheriff of the area.
     * Makers are responsible for the actions of their progeny.

   Vampires also have laws regarding humans. These are not recognized by
   human systems, but will be maintained if possible. These Laws include.
     * Dealing or selling vampire blood.
     * Draining a vampire.
     * Kidnapping a vampire.
     * Killing a vampire.

Punishments

   Punishments, due to violations, are administered by the Authority,
   Magisters, kings, queens or sheriffs, depending on the seriousness of
   the crime. There are set punishments for crimes, but a Magister can
   change the punishment if they wish. For instance, when Bill Compton
   killed [239]Longshadow, the set punishment was five years in a coffin
   encased with silver. However, as the Magister was intrigued by the case
   (as Bill killed in order to protect Sookie Stackhouse, a presumed
   human), he decided that Bill had to create another vampire,
   [240]Jessica Hamby, to replace the vampire he killed.

Sub-species

Faerie-Vampire

   A Faerie-vampire is a combination of a vampire and a [241]faerie which
   has both traits and also have both abilities. These type of hybrid are
   created when a faerie is turned into a vampire. They will become a
   hybrid with the unified powers of both faeries and vampires, making
   them possibly one of the most powerful supernatural species on the
   show.

Infected Vampire

   [242]Infected Vampires is the term that the writers have used to
   describe the vampires who have survived being infected with
   [243]Hepatitis V. In addition to having some physical characteristics
   slightly different from normal vampires, vampires infected have a
   greater thirst for blood and their attitude is more animalistic than
   other vampires.

Known Vampires

   Image Name Age Status Hierarchy
   [244]Lilith-S6 Lilith-S6
   [245]Lilith 8000 + Destroyed The First Vampire
   [246]SIRENTB SIRENTB
   [247]Sirens Unknown (ancient) Undead Lilith's "progeny"

   Guide to the heir of Lilith
   [248]WarlowTheSun WarlowTheSun
   [249]Macklyn Warlow 5,541 Destroyed Lilith's progeny

   The only [250]faerie-vampire in existence
   [251]RussellS05EP11 RussellS05EP11
   [252]Russell Edgington 2,850+ Destroyed [253]King of Mississippi and
   [254]Louisiana
   [255]GodricS02XEP08 GodricS02XEP08
   [256]Godric 2,000+ Destroyed [257]Vampire sheriff of [258]Area 9,
   [259]Dallas
   [260]Remus002 Remus002
   [261]Remus 2000+ Destroyed General of holy roman empire
   [262]SalomeS5EP07 SalomeS5EP07
   [263]Salome Agrippa 1,995 Destroyed [264]Guardian of the Authority

   [265]Chancellor of the Authority
   [266]EricSeason5b EricSeason5b
   [267]Eric Northman 1,100+ Undead [268]Vampire sheriff of [269]Area 5,
   [270]Louisiana
   [271]Season 4 Nan Season 4 Nan
   [272]Nan Flanagan 816 Destroyed [273]American Vampire League
   Spokeswoman
   [274]Violet Violet
   [275]Violet Mazurski 800+ Destroyed Louisiana vampire
   [276]Trueblood trouble talbot Trueblood trouble talbot
   [277]Talbot Angelis 700+ Destroyed Royal Consort of [278]Russell
   Edgington
   [279]The Magister smilling The Magister smilling
   [280]Jorge Alonso de San Diego 546 Destroyed [281]Magister of North
   America
   [282]207 207
   [283]Sophie-Anne Leclerq 525 Destroyed [284]Queen of [285]Louisiana and
   Mississippi
   [286]Kibwe-Akinjide Kibwe-Akinjide
   [287]Kibwe Akinjide 520+ Destroyed [288]Chancellor of the Authority
   [289]Normal 015 Normal 015
   [290]Keith 515 Undead Unknown
   [291]RomanHS S5 RomanHS S5
   [292]Roman Zimojic 500 Destroyed [293]Guardian of the Authority
   [294]Don Santiago Don Santiago
   [295]Santiago Unknown Destroyed Unknown
   [296]Sheriff Luis Patiño Sheriff Luis Patiño
   [297]Luis Patiño 460+ Destroyed [298]Vampire sheriff of [299]Area 3,
   [300]Louisiana
   [301]IsabelS2EP07 IsabelS2EP07
   [302]Isabel Beaumont 457 Undead Lieutenant to [303]Godric
   [[File:|left|150px]] [304]Pao G. at last 400 years old Undead
   Professional Fighter
   [305]NoraSeason6 NoraSeason6
   [306]Nora Gainesborough 350+ Destroyed [307]Chancellor of the Authority
   [308]StanBakerTimebomb StanBakerTimebomb
   [309]Stan Baker 300 Destroyed Lieutenant to [310]Godric
   [[File:|left|150px]] [311]Istvan 237+ Undead Maker of Lorena
   [312]LongshadowS01XEP04 LongshadowS01XEP04
   [313]Longshadow 256 Destroyed Louisiana vampire
   [314]LorenaArrives LorenaArrives
   [315]Lorena Krasiki 251 Destroyed Louisiana vampire
   [316]Malcolm Malcolm
   [317]Malcolm Beaumarchais 248 Destroyed Louisiana [318]nest Leader
   [[File:|left|150px]] [319]Collette At least 239 years old Undead Maker
   of Dieter
   [320]DieterS05EP07 DieterS05EP07
   [321]Dieter Braun 239 Destroyed [322]Chancellor of the Authority
   [323]RosalynS5EP11 RosalynS5EP11
   [324]Rosalyn Harris 210 Destroyed [325]Chancellor of the Authority
   [326]Luisa Luisa
   [327]Luisa Ella Prescott 208 Undead [328]Tribunal Enforcer
   [329]ElijaS5EP10 ElijaS5EP10
   [330]Elijah Stormer 200 + Destroyed [331]Vampire sheriff of [332]Area
   5, [333]Louisiana
   [334]Louispasteur Louispasteur
   [335]Louis Pasteur 186 Undead [336]Tru Blood creator
   [337]Beulah burning Beulah burning
   [338]Beulah Carter 175+ Destroyed [339]Louisiana vampire
   [340]Who are you bill Who are you bill
   [341]Bill Compton 175 Destroyed [342]King of [343]Louisiana

   Lilith's Heir (Former)
   [344]Chow1 Chow1
   [345]Chow Lin 149 Undead [346]Louisiana vampire
   [347]Pam-pamela-swynford-de-beaufort-34259579-336-504
   Pam-pamela-swynford-de-beaufort-34259579-336-504
   [348]Pamela Swynford De Beaufort 142 Undead [349]Louisiana vampire
   [[File:|left|150px]] [350]Colin 137 Presumably destroyed Louisiana
   vampire
   [351]Vamp Vamp
   [352]Diane Hardwicke 104 Destroyed [353]Louisiana vampire
   [354]AlexanderDrew AlexanderDrew
   [355]Alexander Drew 100 Destroyed [356]Chancellor of the Authority
   [357]MollyVamp MollyVamp
   [358]Molly 100 Destroyed Minion of [359]The Authority
   [360]Kirsch Kirsch
   [361]Kirsch 94 Destroyed [362]Vampire sheriff of [363]Area 1,
   [364]Louisiana
   [365]FranklinMainbox FranklinMainbox
   [366]Franklin Mott 94 Destroyed Private investigator
   [367]Duprez Duprez
   [368]Duprez 89 Destroyed [369]Vampire sheriff of [370]Area 2,
   [371]Louisiana
   [372]Blackburn and Luis Blackburn and Luis
   [373]Blackburn 82 Destroyed [374]Vampire sheriff of [375]Area 4,
   [376]Louisiana
   [377]James-606 James-606
   [378]James 40+ (20 as a vampire) Undead Louisiana vampire
   [379]Chelsea Chelsea
   [380]Chelsea Unknown Destroyed Receptionist to the Authority
   [381]Liam2 Liam2
   [382]Liam McKnight 49 (21 as vampire) Destroyed Louisiana vampire
   [383]WayneBosen WayneBosen
   [384]Wayne Bosen 60 (13 as vampire) Undead [385]Louisiana vampire
   [386]JulieWatney JulieWatney
   [387]Julie Watney 25 (6 as vampire) Undead Face of the "[388]Festival
   of Tolerance"
   [389]EddieGauthier EddieGauthier
   [390]Eddie Fournier 40+ (2 as vampire) Destroyed Louisiana vampire
   [391]Jessica Jessica
   [392]Jessica Hamby 18 (2 as vampire) Undead Louisiana vampire
   [393]SteveNewlin SteveNewlin
   [394]Steve Newlin 31 (4 Months as vampire) Destroyed [395]American
   Vampire League Spokesman
   [396]Tara thornton as a new baby vampire Tara thornton as a new baby
   vampire
   [397]Tara Thornton 27 (<1 as vampire) Destroyed Louisiana vampire
   [398]MikeSpencer MikeSpencer
   [399]Mike Spencer 40+ (<1 as vampire) Destroyed Louisiana vampire
   [400]WillaBurrellSeason6 WillaBurrellSeason6
   [401]Willa Burrell 20+ (6 months as vampire) Undead Louisiana vampire
   [402]Taryn 01 Taryn 01
   [403]Taryn O’Malley Unknown Undead Louisiana vampire
   [404]Matt Matt
   [405]Matt Unknown Destroyed Louisiana vampire
   [[File:|left|150px]] [406]Ruben Unknown Deceased Louisiana vampire
   [[File:|left|150px]] [407]Cody Unknown Undead Progeny of Julie Watney
   [[File:|left|150px]] [408]Catherine Unknown Destroyed Texas vampire
   [[File:|left|150px]] [409]Lola Farechild Unknown Deceased New York
   vampire
   [410]Christopher Selivan Christopher Selivan
   [411]Christopher Selivan Unknown Undead Member of AVL
   [[File:|left|150px]] [412]Irving Young Unknown Undead vampire
   businessman
   [[File:|left|150px]] [413]Baphomet presumably ancient Undead ancient
   vampire
   [[File:|left|150px]] [414]Azera presumably ancient Undead ancient
   vampire
   [415]Lambert Lambert
   [416]Lambert Unknown Destroyed Authority Guard
   [417]Gondry Gondry
   [418]Gondry Unknown Destroyed Authority Guard
   [419]Vampire Hank Vampire Hank
   [420]Vampire Hank Unknown Undead Louisiana vampire
   [421]Nigel Beckford 5x7 Nigel Beckford 5x7
   [422]Nigel Beckford Unknown Undead Louisiana vampire
   [423]Hayes Hayes
   [424]Hayes Unknown Destroyed Underling of the authority
   [425]Vamp Cat 5x1 Vamp Cat 5x1
   [426]Cat Ingerslev Unknown Destroyed Sanguinista vampire
   [[File:|left|150px]] [427]Nizar Unknown Destroyed Persian vampire
   [[File:|left|150px]] [428]Troy Unknown Destroyed Hep V vampire
   [[File:|left|150px]] [429]Ronnie Unknown Destroyed Hep V vampire
   [[File:|left|150px]] [430]Betty 40+ (1+ as vampire) Destroyed Hep V
   vampire
   [[File:|left|150px]] [431]Michael Unknown Destroyed Hep V vampire
   [432]Amber Mills-001 Amber Mills-001
   [433]Amber Mills Unknown Destroyed Hep V vampire
   [[File:|left|150px]] [434]Jerome Unknown Destroyed Unknown
   [[File:|left|150px]] [435]Lucinda Unknown Presumably Destroyed Unknown
   [[File:|left|150px]] [436]Amanda Unknown Destroyed Hep V vampire
   [[File:|left|150px]] [437]Richard Unknown Destroyed Hep V vampire
   [[File:|left|150px]] [438]Collin Unknown Destroyed Hep V vampire
   [[File:|left|150px]] [439]Juliette Unknown Unknown Hep V vampire

Gallery

Images

Video

   [440]True Blood Season 3 - Mythological Creatures Vampires (HBO) True
   Blood Season 3 - Mythological Creatures Vampires (HBO) 04:37

   True Blood Season 3 - Mythological Creatures Vampires (HBO)

Trivia

     * Vampires can become ghosts or spirits, as demonstrated by Godric.
     * Vampires possess many of the abilities of mythological vampires.
     * If a vampire becomes a spirit, he\she will still have their vampire
       powers.
     * Vampires enjoy stalking and playing with their victims before
       biting and drinking their blood.
     * Vampires are excellent predators, as they can hunt their victims,
       while remaining invisible.
     * Vampires are not theriomorphic, which means they cannot alter their
       bodies. They can therefore not turn into bats (unless perhaps they
       are a [441]shifter that had been turned).
     * Unlike the classic legends a vampire society has been set up, with
       a code of conduct that provides its members with a greater chance
       of survival than if they were alone.
     * Vampires are infertile, i.e. not able to have children.
     * Aside from humans, some if not all supernaturals can be turned.
       This has been demonstrated by the [442]vampire-faerie hybrid
       [443]Macklyn Warlow. Although other vampiric hybrids have never
       been seen in the course of the series, in the early episodes Bill
       tells Sookie that some vampires can change their shape. These
       vampires are likely [444]shapeshifters or [445]weres that have been
       turned by vampires. Jessica was also confident that she could turn
       Alcide when the latter was hit with multiple gunshots, thereby
       adding credence to the idea that other supernaturals besides
       faeries can be turned into vampires.
     * Vampires have no working nervous system, brain waves, heartbeat or
       "living" bodily activities - all of the vampire's life force is
       found in the [446]blood, which is said by Bill to regulate all the
       vampire's bodily functions. Macklyn Warlow is the only exception to
       this feature of vampires, because of his half faerie heritage. A
       vampire's blood may even be where the vampire's consciousness is
       found, as one who ingests [447]V can feel the consciousness of the
       vampire the blood came from and [448]Lilith's consciousness was
       still stored in her blood even though she'd been dead for over five
       millennia.


Vampire

   From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
   Jump to: [7]navigation, [8]search
   For other uses, see [9]Vampire (disambiguation).

   CAPTION: Vampire

   [10]Burne-Jones-le-Vampire.jpg
   The Vampire, by [11]Philip Burne-Jones, 1897
       Grouping      [12]Legendary creature
     Sub grouping    [13]Undead
   Similar creatures [14]Revenant, [15]werewolf
        Country      [16]Transylvania, [17]England
        Region       [18]The Americas, [19]Europe, [20]Asia, [21]Africa

   A vampire is a being from [22]folklore who subsists by feeding on the
   life essence (generally in the form of blood) of living creatures.
   [23]Undead beings, vampires often visited loved ones and caused
   mischief or deaths in the neighbourhoods they inhabited when they were
   alive. They wore [24]shrouds and were often described as bloated and of
   ruddy or dark countenance, markedly different from today's gaunt, pale
   vampire which dates from the early 19th century. Although vampiric
   entities have been [25]recorded in most cultures, the term vampire was
   not popularized in the west until the early 18th century, after an
   influx of vampire superstition into Western Europe from areas where
   vampire legends were frequent, such as the [26]Balkans and Eastern
   Europe,^[27][1] although local variants were also known by different
   names, such as [28]vrykolakas in [29]Greece and [30]strigoi in
   [31]Romania. This increased level of vampire superstition in Europe led
   to what can only be called [32]mass hysteria and in some cases resulted
   in corpses actually being staked and people being accused of vampirism.

   In modern times, however, the vampire is generally held to be a
   fictitious entity, although belief in similar vampiric creatures such
   as the [33]chupacabra still persists in some cultures. Early folk
   belief in vampires has sometimes been ascribed to the ignorance of the
   body's process of [34]decomposition after death and how people in
   pre-industrial societies tried to rationalise this, creating the figure
   of the vampire to explain the mysteries of death. [35]Porphyria was
   also linked with legends of vampirism in 1985 and received much media
   exposure, but has since been largely discredited.

   The charismatic and sophisticated vampire of modern fiction was born in
   1819 with the publication of [36]The Vampyre by [37]John Polidori; the
   story was highly successful and arguably the most influential vampire
   work of the early 19th century.^[38][2] However, it is [39]Bram
   Stoker's 1897 novel [40]Dracula which is remembered as the
   quintessential [41]vampire novel and provided the basis of the modern
   vampire legend. The success of this book spawned a distinctive vampire
   [42]genre, still popular in the 21st century, with books, films, and
   television shows. The vampire has since become a dominant figure in the
   horror genre.

Contents

     * [43]1 Etymology
     * [44]2 Folk beliefs
          + [45]2.1 Description and common attributes
               o [46]2.1.1 Creating vampires
               o [47]2.1.2 Identifying vampires
               o [48]2.1.3 Protection
                    # [49]2.1.3.1 Apotropaics
                    # [50]2.1.3.2 Methods of destruction
          + [51]2.2 Ancient beliefs
          + [52]2.3 Medieval and later European folklore
          + [53]2.4 Non-European beliefs
               o [54]2.4.1 Africa
               o [55]2.4.2 The Americas
               o [56]2.4.3 Asia
          + [57]2.5 Modern beliefs
               o [58]2.5.1 Collective noun
     * [59]3 Origins of vampire beliefs
          + [60]3.1 Pathology
               o [61]3.1.1 Decomposition
               o [62]3.1.2 Premature burial
               o [63]3.1.3 Contagion
               o [64]3.1.4 Porphyria
               o [65]3.1.5 Rabies
          + [66]3.2 Psychodynamic understanding
          + [67]3.3 Political interpretation
          + [68]3.4 Psychopathology
          + [69]3.5 Modern vampire subcultures
          + [70]3.6 Vampire bats
     * [71]4 In modern fiction
          + [72]4.1 Literature
          + [73]4.2 Film and television
          + [74]4.3 Games
     * [75]5 Notes
     * [76]6 References
     * [77]7 External links

Etymology

   The [78]Oxford English Dictionary dates the first appearance of the
   English word vampire (as vampyre) in English from 1734, in a travelogue
   titled Travels of Three English Gentlemen published in [79]The Harleian
   Miscellany in 1745.^[80][3] Vampires had already been discussed in
   French^[81][4] and German literature.^[82][5] After [83]Austria gained
   control of northern Serbia and [84]Oltenia with the [85]Treaty of
   Passarowitz in 1718, officials noted the local practice of exhuming
   bodies and "killing vampires".^[86][5] These reports, prepared between
   1725 and 1732, received widespread publicity.^[87][5] The English term
   was derived (possibly via French vampyre) from the German Vampir, in
   turn derived in the early 18th century from the [88]Serbian
   вампир/vampir,^[89][6]^[90][7]^[91][8]^[92][9]^[93][10]^[94][11] when
   [95]Arnold Paole, a purported vampire in Serbia was described during
   the time when Northern Serbia was part of the [96]Austrian Empire.

   The Serbian form has parallels in virtually all [97]Slavic languages:
   [98]Bulgarian and [99]Macedonian вампир (vampir), [100]Bosnian: lampir,
   [101]Croatian vampir, [102]Czech and [103]Slovak upír, [104]Polish
   wąpierz, and (perhaps [105]East Slavic-influenced) upiór,
   [106]Ukrainian упир (upyr), [107]Russian упырь (upyr‍ '​),
   [108]Belarusian упыр (upyr), from [109]Old East Slavic упирь (upir‍ '​)
   (note that many of these languages have also borrowed forms such as
   "vampir/wampir" subsequently from the West; these are distinct from the
   original local words for the creature). The exact [110]etymology is
   unclear.^[111][12] Among the proposed [112]proto-Slavic forms are
   *ǫpyrь and *ǫpirь.^[113][13] Another, less widespread theory, is that
   the Slavic languages have borrowed the word from a [114]Turkic term for
   "witch" (e.g., [115]Tatar ubyr).^[116][13]^[117][14] Czech linguist
   Václav Machek proposes Slovak verb "vrepiť sa" (stick to, thrust into),
   or its hypothetical anagram "vperiť sa" (in Czech, archaic verb
   "vpeřit" means "to thrust violently") as an etymological background,
   and thus translates "upír" as "someone who thrusts, bites".^[118][15]
   An early use of the [119]Old Russian word is in the anti-[120]pagan
   treatise "Word of Saint Grigoriy" (Russian Слово святого Григория),
   dated variously to the 11th–13th centuries, where pagan worship of
   upyri is reported.^[121][16]^[122][17]

Folk beliefs

   See also: [123]List of vampires in folklore and mythology

   The notion of vampirism has existed for millennia; cultures such as the
   [124]Mesopotamians, [125]Hebrews, [126]Ancient Greeks, and [127]Romans
   had tales of demons and spirits which are considered precursors to
   modern vampires. However, despite the occurrence of vampire-like
   creatures in these ancient civilizations, the folklore for the entity
   we know today as the vampire originates almost exclusively from
   early-18th-century southeastern Europe,^[128][1] when [129]verbal
   traditions of many ethnic groups of the region were recorded and
   published. In most cases, vampires are [130]revenants of evil beings,
   suicide victims, or [131]witches, but they can also be created by a
   malevolent spirit [132]possessing a corpse or by being bitten by a
   vampire. Belief in such legends became so pervasive that in some areas
   it caused mass hysteria and even [133]public executions of people
   believed to be vampires.^[134][18]

Description and common attributes

   Further information: [135]List of vampire traits in folklore and
   fiction
   Vampyren, "The Vampire", by [136]Edvard Munch

   It is difficult to make a single, definitive description of the
   folkloric vampire, though there are several elements common to many
   European legends. Vampires were usually reported as bloated in
   appearance, and ruddy, purplish, or dark in colour; these
   characteristics were often attributed to the recent drinking of blood.
   Indeed, blood was often seen seeping from the mouth and nose when one
   was seen in its [137]shroud or coffin and its left eye was often
   open.^[138][19] It would be clad in the linen shroud it was buried in,
   and its teeth, hair, and nails may have grown somewhat, though in
   general fangs were not a feature.^[139][20]

Creating vampires

   The causes of vampiric generation were many and varied in original
   folklore. In [140]Slavic and Chinese traditions, any corpse that was
   jumped over by an animal, particularly a dog or a cat, was feared to
   become one of the undead.^[141][21] A body with a wound that had not
   been treated with boiling water was also at risk. In Russian folklore,
   vampires were said to have once been witches or people who had rebelled
   against the [142]Russian Orthodox Church while they were
   alive.^[143][22]

   Cultural practices often arose that were intended to prevent a recently
   deceased loved one from turning into an undead revenant. Burying a
   corpse upside-down was widespread, as was placing earthly objects, such
   as [144]scythes or [145]sickles,^[146][23] near the grave to satisfy
   any demons entering the body or to appease the dead so that it would
   not wish to arise from its coffin. This method resembles the
   [147]Ancient Greek practice of placing an [148]obolus in the corpse's
   mouth to pay the toll to cross the [149]River Styx in the underworld;
   it has been argued that instead, the coin was intended to ward off any
   evil spirits from entering the body, and this may have influenced later
   vampire folklore. This tradition persisted in modern Greek folklore
   about the [150]vrykolakas, in which a wax cross and piece of pottery
   with the inscription "[151]Jesus Christ conquers" were placed on the
   corpse to prevent the body from becoming a vampire.^[152][24] Other
   methods commonly practised in Europe included severing the [153]tendons
   at the knees or placing [154]poppy seeds, [155]millet, or sand on the
   ground at the grave site of a presumed vampire; this was intended to
   keep the vampire occupied all night by counting the fallen
   grains,^[156][25] indicating an association of vampires with
   [157]arithmomania. Similar Chinese narratives state that if a
   vampire-like being came across a sack of rice, it would have to count
   every grain; this is a theme encountered in myths from the [158]Indian
   subcontinent, as well as in South American tales of witches and other
   sorts of evil or mischievous spirits or beings.^[159][26] In
   [160]Albanian folklore, the [161]dhampir is the hybrid child of the
   karkanxholl (a werewolf-like creature with an iron [162]mail shirt) or
   the lugat (a water-dwelling ghost or monster). The dhampir sprung of a
   karkanxholl has the unique ability to discern the karkanxholl; from
   this derives the expression the dhampir knows the lugat. The lugat
   cannot be seen, he can only be killed by the dhampir, who himself is
   usually the son of a lugat. In different regions, animals can be
   revenants as lugats; also, living people during their sleep. Dhampiraj
   is also an Albanian surname.^[163][27]

Identifying vampires

   Many elaborate rituals were used to identify a vampire. One method of
   finding a vampire's grave involved leading a virgin boy through a
   graveyard or church grounds on a virgin stallion—the horse would
   supposedly balk at the grave in question.^[164][22] Generally a black
   horse was required, though in Albania it should be white.^[165][28]
   Holes appearing in the earth over a grave were taken as a sign of
   vampirism.^[166][29]

   Corpses thought to be vampires were generally described as having a
   healthier appearance than expected, plump and showing little or no
   signs of decomposition.^[167][30] In some cases, when suspected graves
   were opened, villagers even described the corpse as having fresh blood
   from a victim all over its face.^[168][31] Evidence that a vampire was
   active in a given locality included death of cattle, sheep, relatives
   or neighbours. Folkloric vampires could also make their presence felt
   by engaging in minor [169]poltergeist-like activity, such as hurling
   stones on roofs or moving household objects,^[170][32] and
   [171]pressing on people in their sleep.^[172][33]

Protection

   An image from [173]Max Ernst's [174]Une Semaine de Bonté

Apotropaics

   [175]Apotropaics, items able to ward off revenants, are common in
   vampire folklore. Garlic is a common example,^[176][34] a branch of
   [177]wild rose and [178]hawthorn plant are said to harm vampires, and
   in Europe, sprinkling mustard seeds on the roof of a house was said to
   keep them away.^[179][35] Other apotropaics include sacred items, for
   example a [180]crucifix, [181]rosary, or [182]holy water. Vampires are
   said to be unable to walk on [183]consecrated ground, such as that of
   churches or temples, or cross running water.^[184][36] Although not
   traditionally regarded as an apotropaic, [185]mirrors have been used to
   ward off vampires when placed, facing outwards, on a door (in some
   cultures, vampires do not have a reflection and sometimes do not cast a
   shadow, perhaps as a manifestation of the vampire's lack of a
   soul).^[186][37] This attribute, although not universal (the Greek
   vrykolakas/tympanios was capable of both reflection and shadow), was
   used by Bram Stoker in Dracula and has remained popular with subsequent
   authors and filmmakers.^[187][38] Some traditions also hold that a
   vampire cannot enter a house unless invited by the owner, although
   after the first invitation they can come and go as they
   please.^[188][37] Though folkloric vampires were believed to be more
   active at night, they were not generally considered vulnerable to
   sunlight.^[189][38]

Methods of destruction

   “The Vampire”, lithograph by R. de Moraine (1864).

   Methods of destroying suspected vampires varied, with [190]staking the
   most commonly cited method, particularly in southern Slavic
   cultures.^[191][39] [192]Ash was the preferred wood in Russia and the
   Baltic states,^[193][40] or [194]hawthorn in Serbia,^[195][41] with a
   record of [196]oak in [197]Silesia.^[198][42] Potential vampires were
   most often staked through the heart, though the mouth was targeted in
   Russia and northern Germany^[199][43]^[200][44] and the stomach in
   north-eastern Serbia.^[201][45] Piercing the skin of the chest was a
   way of "deflating" the bloated vampire; this is similar to the act of
   burying sharp objects, such as sickles, in with the corpse, so that
   they may penetrate the skin if the body bloats sufficiently while
   transforming into a revenant.^[202][46] In one striking example of the
   latter, the corpses of five people in graveyard near Polish village of
   Dravsko dating from the 17th and 18th centuries were buried with
   sickles placed around their necks or across their abdomens.^[203][47]

   [204]Decapitation was the preferred method in German and western Slavic
   areas, with the head buried between the feet, behind the [205]buttocks
   or away from the body.^[206][39] This act was seen as a way of
   hastening the departure of the soul, which in some cultures, was said
   to linger in the corpse. The vampire's head, body, or clothes could
   also be spiked and pinned to the earth to prevent rising.^[207][48]
   [208]Romani drove steel or iron needles into a corpse's heart and
   placed bits of steel in the mouth, over the eyes, ears and between the
   fingers at the time of burial. They also placed hawthorn in the
   corpse's sock or drove a hawthorn stake through the legs. In a
   16th-century burial near [209]Venice, a brick forced into the mouth of
   a female corpse has been interpreted as a vampire-slaying ritual by the
   archaeologists who discovered it in 2006.^[210][49] Further measures
   included pouring boiling water over the grave or complete incineration
   of the body. In the Balkans, a vampire could also be killed by being
   shot or drowned, by repeating the funeral service, by sprinkling
   [211]holy water on the body, or by [212]exorcism. In Romania, garlic
   could be placed in the mouth, and as recently as the 19th century, the
   precaution of shooting a bullet through the [213]coffin was taken. For
   resistant cases, the body was [214]dismembered and the pieces burned,
   mixed with water, and administered to family members as a cure. In
   Saxon regions of Germany, a lemon was placed in the mouth of suspected
   vampires.^[215][50]

   In Bulgaria, over 100 skeletons with metal objects, such as plough
   bits, embedded in the torso have been discovered.^[216][51]^[217][52]

Ancient beliefs

   [218]Lilith (1892), by [219]John Collier

   Tales of supernatural beings consuming the blood or flesh of the living
   have been found in nearly every culture around the world for many
   centuries.^[220][53] The term vampire did not exist in ancient times;
   [221]blood drinking and similar activities were attributed to
   [222]demons or [223]spirits who would eat flesh and drink blood; even
   the [224]Devil was considered synonymous with the vampire.^[225][54]
   Almost every nation has associated blood drinking with some kind of
   revenant or demon, or in some cases a deity. In [226]India, for
   example, tales of [227]vetālas, ghoul-like beings that inhabit corpses,
   have been compiled in the [228]Baitāl Pacīsī; a prominent story in the
   [229]Kathāsaritsāgara tells of King [230]Vikramāditya and his nightly
   quests to capture an elusive one.^[231][55] [232]Piśāca, the returned
   spirits of evil-doers or those who died insane, also bear vampiric
   attributes.^[233][56] The [234]Persians were one of the first
   civilizations to have tales of blood-drinking demons: creatures
   attempting to drink blood from men were depicted on excavated
   [235]pottery shards.^[236][57] Ancient [237]Babylonia and [238]Assyria
   had tales of the mythical [239]Lilitu,^[240][58] synonymous with and
   giving rise to [241]Lilith ([242]Hebrew לילית) and her daughters the
   [243]Lilu from [244]Hebrew demonology. Lilitu was considered a demon
   and was often depicted as subsisting on the blood of babies.^[245][58]
   And [246]Estries, female shape changing, blood drinking demons, were
   said to roam the night among the population, seeking victims. According
   to [247]Sefer Hasidim, Estries were creatures created in the twilight
   hours before God rested.^[248][59] An injured Estrie could be healed by
   eating bread and salt given her by her attacker.

   Ancient [249]Greek and [250]Roman mythology described the
   [251]Empusae,^[252][60] the [253]Lamia,^[254][61] and the [255]striges.
   Over time the first two terms became general words to describe witches
   and demons respectively. Empusa was the daughter of the goddess
   [256]Hecate and was described as a demonic, [257]bronze-footed
   creature. She feasted on blood by transforming into a young woman and
   seduced men as they slept before drinking their blood.^[258][60] The
   Lamia preyed on young children in their beds at night, sucking their
   blood, as did the gelloudes or [259]Gello.^[260][61] Like the Lamia,
   the striges feasted on children, but also preyed on young men. They
   were described as having the bodies of crows or birds in general, and
   were later incorporated into Roman mythology as strix, a kind of
   nocturnal bird that fed on human flesh and blood.^[261][62]

   In [262]Azerbaijanese [263]mythology [264]Xortdan is the troubled soul
   of the dead rising from the grave.^[265][63] Some Hortdan can be living
   people with certain magical properties. Some of the properties of the
   Hortdan include: the ability to transform into an animal, invisibility,
   and the propensity to drain the vitality of victims via blood loss.

Medieval and later European folklore

   Main article: [266]Vampire folklore by region
   The 800-year-old skeleton found in [267]Bulgaria stabbed through the
   chest with iron rod.^[268][64]

   Many myths surrounding vampires originated during the [269]medieval
   period. The 12th-century English historians and chroniclers [270]Walter
   Map and [271]William of Newburgh recorded accounts of
   revenants,^[272][18]^[273][65] though records in English legends of
   vampiric beings after this date are scant.^[274][66] The Old Norse
   [275]draugr is another medieval example of an undead creature with
   similarities to vampires.^[276][67]

   Vampires proper originate in folklore widely reported from Eastern
   Europe in the late 17th and 18th centuries. These tales formed the
   basis of the vampire legend that later entered Germany and England,
   where they were subsequently embellished and popularized. One of the
   earliest recordings of vampire activity came from the region of
   [277]Istria in modern [278]Croatia, in 1672.^[279][68] Local reports
   cited the local vampire [280]Jure Grando of the village Khring near
   [281]Tinjan as the cause of panic among the villagers.^[282][69] A
   former peasant, Jure died in 1656; however, local villagers claimed he
   returned from the dead and began drinking blood from the people and
   sexually harassing his widow. The village leader ordered a stake to be
   driven through his heart, but when the method failed to kill him, he
   was subsequently beheaded with better results.^[283][70] That was the
   first case in history that a real person had been described as a
   vampire.

   During the 18th century, there was a frenzy of vampire sightings in
   Eastern Europe, with frequent stakings and grave diggings to identify
   and kill the potential revenants; even government officials engaged in
   the hunting and staking of vampires.^[284][71] Despite being called the
   [285]Age of Enlightenment, during which most folkloric legends were
   quelled, the belief in vampires increased dramatically, resulting in a
   mass hysteria throughout most of Europe.^[286][18] The panic began with
   an outbreak of alleged vampire attacks in [287]East Prussia in 1721 and
   in the [288]Habsburg Monarchy from 1725 to 1734, which spread to other
   localities. Two famous vampire cases, the first to be officially
   recorded, involved the corpses of [289]Petar Blagojevich and Arnold
   Paole from Serbia. Blagojevich was reported to have died at the age of
   62, but allegedly returned after his death asking his son for food.
   When the son refused, he was found dead the following day. Blagojevich
   supposedly returned and attacked some neighbours who died from loss of
   blood.^[290][71] In the second case, Paole, an ex-soldier turned farmer
   who allegedly was attacked by a vampire years before, died while
   [291]haying. After his death, people began to die in the surrounding
   area and it was widely believed that Paole had returned to prey on the
   neighbours.^[292][72] Another famous Serbian legend involving vampires
   concentrates around a certain [293]Sava Savanović living in a watermill
   and killing and drinking blood from millers. The character was later
   used in a story written by [294]Serbian writer [295]Milovan Glišić and
   in the Yugoslav 1973 horror film [296]Leptirica inspired by the story.

   The two incidents were well-documented; government officials examined
   the bodies, wrote case reports, and published books throughout
   Europe.^[297][72] The hysteria, commonly referred to as the
   "18th-Century Vampire Controversy", raged for a generation. The problem
   was exacerbated by rural epidemics of so-claimed vampire attacks,
   undoubtedly caused by the higher amount of superstition that was
   present in village communities, with locals digging up bodies and in
   some cases, staking them. Although many scholars reported during this
   period that vampires did not exist, and attributed reports to premature
   burial or [298]rabies, [299]superstitious belief increased. [300]Dom
   Augustine Calmet, a well-respected French [301]theologian and scholar,
   put together a comprehensive treatise in 1746, which was ambiguous
   concerning the existence of vampires. Calmet amassed reports of vampire
   incidents; numerous readers, including both a critical [302]Voltaire
   and supportive [303]demonologists, interpreted the treatise as claiming
   that vampires existed.^[304][73] In his [305]Philosophical Dictionary,
   Voltaire wrote:^[306][74]

     These vampires were corpses, who went out of their graves at night
     to suck the blood of the living, either at their throats or
     stomachs, after which they returned to their cemeteries. The persons
     so sucked waned, grew pale, and fell into [307]consumption; while
     the sucking corpses grew fat, got rosy, and enjoyed an excellent
     appetite. It was in [308]Poland, Hungary, Silesia, [309]Moravia,
     Austria, and [310]Lorraine, that the dead made this good cheer.

   Some theological disputes arose. The non-decay of vampires’ bodies
   could recall the incorruption of the bodies of the saints of the
   Catholic Church. A paragraph on vampires was included in the second
   edition (1749) of De servorum Dei beatificatione et sanctorum
   canonizatione, On the beatification of the servants of God and on
   canonization of the blessed, written by Prospero Lambertini (Pope
   Benedict XIV).^[311][75] In his opinion, while the incorruption of the
   bodies of saints was the effect of a divine intervention, all the
   phenomena attributed to vampires were purely natural or the fruit of
   “imagination, terror and fear”. In other words, vampires did not
   exist^[312][76]

   The controversy only ceased when Empress [313]Maria Theresa of Austria
   sent her personal physician, [314]Gerard van Swieten, to investigate
   the claims of vampiric entities. He concluded that vampires did not
   exist and the Empress passed laws prohibiting the opening of graves and
   desecration of bodies, sounding the end of the vampire epidemics.
   Despite this condemnation, the vampire lived on in artistic works and
   in local superstition.^[315][73]

Non-European beliefs

Africa

   Various regions of Africa have folktales featuring beings with vampiric
   abilities: in West Africa the [316]Ashanti people tell of the
   iron-toothed and tree-dwelling [317]asanbosam,^[318][77] and the
   [319]Ewe people of the [320]adze, which can take the form of a
   [321]firefly and hunts children.^[322][78] The eastern Cape region has
   the [323]impundulu, which can take the form of a large taloned bird and
   can summon thunder and lightning, and the [324]Betsileo people of
   [325]Madagascar tell of the ramanga, an outlaw or living vampire who
   drinks the blood and eats the nail clippings of nobles.^[326][79]

The Americas

   The [327]Loogaroo is an example of how a vampire belief can result from
   a combination of beliefs, here a mixture of French and African Vodu or
   [328]voodoo. The term Loogaroo possibly comes from the French
   [329]loup-garou (meaning "werewolf") and is common in the [330]culture
   of Mauritius. However, the stories of the Loogaroo are widespread
   through the [331]Caribbean Islands and [332]Louisiana in the United
   States.^[333][80] Similar female monsters are the [334]Soucouyant of
   [335]Trinidad, and the [336]Tunda and [337]Patasola of [338]Colombian
   folklore, while the [339]Mapuche of southern [340]Chile have the
   bloodsucking snake known as the [341]Peuchen.^[342][81] [343]Aloe vera
   hung backwards behind or near a door was thought to ward off vampiric
   beings in South American superstition.^[344][26] Aztec mythology
   described tales of the [345]Cihuateteo, skeletal-faced spirits of those
   who died in childbirth who stole children and entered into sexual
   liaisons with the living, driving them mad.^[346][22]

   During the late 18th and 19th centuries the belief in vampires was
   [347]widespread in parts of New England, particularly in [348]Rhode
   Island and Eastern [349]Connecticut. There are many documented cases of
   families disinterring loved ones and removing their hearts in the
   belief that the deceased was a vampire who was responsible for sickness
   and death in the family, although the term "vampire" was never actually
   used to describe the deceased. The deadly disease [350]tuberculosis, or
   "consumption" as it was known at the time, was believed to be caused by
   nightly visitations on the part of a dead family member who had died of
   consumption themselves.^[351][82] The most famous, and most recently
   recorded, case of suspected vampirism is that of nineteen-year-old
   [352]Mercy Brown, who died in [353]Exeter, Rhode Island in 1892. Her
   father, assisted by the family physician, removed her from her tomb two
   months after her death, cut out her heart and burned it to
   ashes.^[354][83]

Asia

   Rooted in older folklore, the modern belief in vampires spread
   throughout Asia with tales of ghoulish entities from the mainland, to
   vampiric beings from the islands of Southeast Asia.

   South Asia also developed other vampiric legends. The [355]Bhūta or
   Prét is the soul of a man who died an untimely death. It wanders around
   animating dead bodies at night, attacking the living much like a
   [356]ghoul.^[357][84] In northern India, there is the BrahmarākŞhasa, a
   vampire-like creature with a head encircled by intestines and a skull
   from which it drank blood. The figure of the [358]Vetala who appears in
   South Asian legend and story may sometimes be rendered as "Vampire"
   (see the section on "Ancient Beliefs" above).

   Although vampires have appeared in [359]Japanese cinema since the late
   1950s, the folklore behind it is western in origin.^[360][85] However,
   the [361]Nukekubi is a being whose head and neck detach from its body
   to fly about seeking human prey at night.^[362][86] There's also the
   Kitsune who are spiritual vampires that need life force to survive and
   use magic. As such, they acquire it from making love with humans.
   The [363]manananggal of Philippine mythology

   Legends of female vampire-like beings who can detach parts of their
   upper body also occur in the [364]Philippines, Malaysia and
   [365]Indonesia. There are two main vampire-like creatures in the
   [366]Philippines: the [367]Tagalog [368]Mandurugo ("blood-sucker") and
   the [369]Visayan [370]Manananggal ("self-segmenter"). The mandurugo is
   a variety of the [371]aswang that takes the form of an attractive girl
   by day, and develops wings and a long, hollow, thread-like tongue by
   night. The tongue is used to suck up blood from a sleeping victim. The
   manananggal is described as being an older, beautiful woman capable of
   severing its upper torso in order to fly into the night with huge
   bat-like wings and prey on unsuspecting, sleeping pregnant women in
   their homes. They use an elongated proboscis-like tongue to suck
   [372]fetuses from these pregnant women. They also prefer to eat
   entrails (specifically the [373]heart and the [374]liver) and the
   phlegm of sick people.^[375][87]

   The [376]Malaysian [377]Penanggalan may be either a beautiful old or
   young woman who obtained her beauty through the active use of
   [378]black magic or other unnatural means, and is most commonly
   described in local folklore to be dark or demonic in nature. She is
   able to detach her fanged head which flies around in the night looking
   for blood, typically from pregnant women.^[379][88] Malaysians would
   hang jeruju (thistles) around the doors and windows of houses, hoping
   the Penanggalan would not enter for fear of catching its intestines on
   the thorns.^[380][89] The [381]Leyak is a similar being from
   [382]Balinese folklore.^[383][90] A Kuntilanak or Matianak in
   Indonesia,^[384][91] or [385]Pontianak or Langsuir in
   Malaysia,^[386][92] is a woman who died during childbirth and became
   undead, seeking revenge and terrorizing villages. She appeared as an
   attractive woman with long black hair that covered a hole in the back
   of her neck, with which she sucked the blood of children. Filling the
   hole with her hair would drive her off. Corpses had their mouths filled
   with glass beads, eggs under each armpit, and needles in their palms to
   prevent them from becoming langsuir. This description would also fit
   the [387]Sundel Bolongs.^[388][93]

   [389]Jiangshi, sometimes called "Chinese vampires" by Westerners, are
   reanimated corpses that hop around, killing living creatures to absorb
   life essence ([390]qì) from their victims. They are said to be created
   when a person's soul (魄 [391]pò) fails to leave the deceased's
   body.^[392][94] However, some have disputed the comparison of jiang shi
   with vampires, as jiang shi are usually represented as mindless
   creatures with no independent thought.^[393][95] One unusual feature of
   this monster is its greenish-white furry skin, perhaps derived from
   fungus or [394]mould growing on corpses.^[395][96] Jiangshi legends
   have inspired a [396]genre of jiangshi films and literature in Hong
   Kong and East Asia. Films like [397]Encounters of the Spooky Kind and
   [398]Mr. Vampire were released during the jiangshi cinematic boom of
   the 1980s and 1990s.^[399][97]^[400][98]

Modern beliefs

   In modern fiction, the vampire tends to be depicted as a suave,
   charismatic [401]villain.^[402][20] Despite the general disbelief in
   vampiric entities, occasional sightings of vampires are reported.
   Indeed, vampire hunting societies still exist, although they are
   largely formed for social reasons.^[403][18] Allegations of vampire
   attacks swept through the African country of [404]Malawi during late
   2002 and early 2003, with mobs stoning one individual to death and
   attacking at least four others, including Governor [405]Eric Chiwaya,
   based on the belief that the government was colluding with
   vampires.^[406][99]

   In early 1970 local press spread rumours that a vampire haunted
   [407]Highgate Cemetery in London. Amateur vampire hunters flocked in
   large numbers to the cemetery. Several books have been written about
   the case, notably by Sean Manchester, a local man who was among the
   first to suggest the existence of the "[408]Highgate Vampire" and who
   later claimed to have [409]exorcised and destroyed a whole nest of
   vampires in the area.^[410][100] In January 2005, rumours circulated
   that an attacker had bitten a number of people in [411]Birmingham,
   England, fuelling concerns about a vampire roaming the streets.
   However, local police stated that no such crime had been reported and
   that the case appears to be an [412]urban legend.^[413][101]
   The female vampire costume

   In 2006, a physics professor at the [414]University of Central Florida
   wrote a paper arguing that it is mathematically impossible for vampires
   to exist, based on [415]geometric progression. According to the paper,
   if the first vampire had appeared on 1 January 1600, and it fed once a
   month (which is less often than what is depicted in films and
   folklore), and every victim turned into a vampire, then within two and
   a half years the entire human population of the time would have become
   vampires.^[416][102] The paper made no attempt to address the
   credibility of the assumption that every vampire victim would turn into
   a vampire.

   In one of the more notable cases of vampiric entities in the modern
   age, the [417]chupacabra ("goat-sucker") of [418]Puerto Rico and
   [419]Mexico is said to be a creature that feeds upon the flesh or
   drinks the blood of [420]domesticated animals, leading some to consider
   it a kind of vampire. The "chupacabra hysteria" was frequently
   associated with deep economic and political crises, particularly during
   the mid-1990s.^[421][103]

   In Europe, where much of the vampire folklore originates, the vampire
   is usually considered a fictitious being, although many communities may
   have embraced the revenant for economic purposes. In some cases,
   especially in small localities, vampire superstition is still rampant
   and sightings or claims of vampire attacks occur frequently. In
   [422]Romania during February 2004, several relatives of Toma Petre
   feared that he had become a vampire. They dug up his corpse, tore out
   his heart, burned it, and mixed the ashes with water in order to drink
   it.^[423][104]

   Vampirism and the [424]Vampire lifestyle also represent a relevant part
   of modern day's [425]occultist movements.^[426][105] The mythos of the
   vampire, his [427]magickal qualities, allure, and predatory archetype
   express a strong symbolism that can be used in ritual, energy work, and
   magick, and can even be adopted as a spiritual system.^[428][106] The
   vampire has been part of the occult society in Europe for centuries and
   has spread into the American sub-culture as well for more than a
   decade, being strongly influenced by and mixed with the [429]neo gothic
   aesthetics.^[430][107]

Collective noun

   '[431]Coven' has been used as a collective noun for vampires, possibly
   based on the [432]Wiccan usage. An alternative collective noun is a
   'house' of vampires.^[433][108] David Malki, author of [434]Wondermark,
   suggests in Wondermark No. 566 the use of the collective noun
   'basement', as in "A basement of vampires."^[435][109]

Origins of vampire beliefs

   Commentators have offered many theories for the origins of vampire
   beliefs, trying to explain the superstition – and sometimes mass
   hysteria – caused by vampires. Everything ranging from [436]premature
   burial to the early ignorance of the body's [437]decomposition cycle
   after death has been cited as the cause for the belief in vampires.

Pathology

Decomposition

   Paul Barber in his book Vampires, Burial and Death has described that
   belief in vampires resulted from people of [438]pre-industrial
   societies attempting to explain the natural, but to them inexplicable,
   process of death and decomposition.^[439][110]

   People sometimes suspected vampirism when a cadaver did not look as
   they thought a normal corpse should when disinterred. However, rates of
   decomposition vary depending on temperature and soil composition, and
   many of the signs are little known. This has led vampire hunters to
   mistakenly conclude that a dead body had not decomposed at all, or,
   ironically, to interpret signs of decomposition as signs of continued
   life.^[440][111] Corpses swell as gases from decomposition accumulate
   in the torso and the increased pressure forces blood to ooze from the
   nose and mouth. This causes the body to look "plump," "well-fed," and
   "ruddy"—changes that are all the more striking if the person was pale
   or thin in life. In the [441]Arnold Paole case, an old woman's exhumed
   corpse was judged by her neighbours to look more plump and healthy than
   she had ever looked in life.^[442][112] The exuding blood gave the
   impression that the corpse had recently been engaging in vampiric
   activity.^[443][31] Darkening of the skin is also caused by
   decomposition.^[444][113] The staking of a swollen, decomposing body
   could cause the body to bleed and force the accumulated gases to escape
   the body. This could produce a groan-like sound when the gases moved
   past the vocal cords, or a sound reminiscent of [445]flatulence when
   they passed through the anus. The official reporting on the [446]Petar
   Blagojevich case speaks of "other wild signs which I pass by out of
   high respect".^[447][114]

   After death, the skin and gums lose fluids and contract, exposing the
   roots of the hair, nails, and teeth, even teeth that were concealed in
   the jaw. This can produce the illusion that the hair, nails, and teeth
   have grown. At a certain stage, the nails fall off and the skin peels
   away, as reported in the Blagojevich case—the [448]dermis and [449]nail
   beds emerging underneath were interpreted as "new skin" and "new
   nails".^[450][114]

Premature burial

   It has also been hypothesized that vampire legends were influenced by
   individuals being [451]buried alive because of shortcomings in the
   medical knowledge of the time. In some cases in which people reported
   sounds emanating from a specific coffin, it was later dug up and
   fingernail marks were discovered on the inside from the victim trying
   to escape. In other cases the person would hit their heads, noses or
   faces and it would appear that they had been "feeding."^[452][115] A
   problem with this theory is the question of how people presumably
   buried alive managed to stay alive for any extended period without
   food, water or fresh air. An alternate explanation for noise is the
   bubbling of escaping gases from natural decomposition of
   bodies.^[453][116] Another likely cause of disordered tombs is
   [454]grave robbing.^[455][117]

Contagion

   Folkloric vampirism has been associated with clusters of deaths from
   unidentifiable or mysterious illnesses, usually within the same family
   or the same small community.^[456][82] The epidemic allusion is obvious
   in the classical cases of [457]Petar Blagojevich and Arnold Paole, and
   even more so in the case of Mercy Brown and in the vampire beliefs of
   New England generally, where a specific disease, tuberculosis, was
   associated with outbreaks of vampirism. As with the pneumonic form of
   [458]bubonic plague, it was associated with breakdown of lung tissue
   which would cause blood to appear at the lips.^[459][118]

Porphyria

   In 1985 biochemist [460]David Dolphin proposed a link between the rare
   blood disorder [461]porphyria and vampire folklore. Noting that the
   condition is treated by intravenous [462]haem, he suggested that the
   consumption of large amounts of blood may result in haem being
   transported somehow across the stomach wall and into the bloodstream.
   Thus vampires were merely sufferers of porphyria seeking to replace
   haem and alleviate their symptoms.^[463][119] The theory has been
   rebuffed medically as suggestions that porphyria sufferers crave the
   haem in human blood, or that the consumption of blood might ease the
   symptoms of porphyria, are based on a misunderstanding of the disease.
   Furthermore, Dolphin was noted to have confused fictional
   (bloodsucking) vampires with those of folklore, many of whom were not
   noted to drink blood.^[464][120] Similarly, a parallel is made between
   sensitivity to sunlight by sufferers, yet this was associated with
   fictional and not folkloric vampires. In any case, Dolphin did not go
   on to publish his work more widely.^[465][121] Despite being dismissed
   by experts, the link gained media attention^[466][122] and entered
   popular modern folklore.^[467][123]

Rabies

   [468]Rabies has been linked with vampire folklore. Dr Juan
   Gómez-Alonso, a neurologist at Xeral Hospital in [469]Vigo, Spain,
   examined this possibility in a report in [470]Neurology. The
   susceptibility to garlic and light could be due to hypersensitivity,
   which is a symptom of rabies. The disease can also affect portions of
   the brain that could lead to disturbance of normal sleep patterns (thus
   becoming nocturnal) and [471]hypersexuality. Legend once said a man was
   not rabid if he could look at his own reflection (an allusion to the
   legend that vampires have no reflection). Wolves and bats, which are
   often associated with vampires, can be carriers of rabies. The disease
   can also lead to a drive to bite others and to a bloody frothing at the
   mouth.^[472][124]^[473][125]

Psychodynamic understanding

   In his 1931 treatise On the Nightmare, [474]Welsh [475]psychoanalyst
   [476]Ernest Jones asserted that vampires are symbolic of several
   unconscious drives and [477]defence mechanisms. Emotions such as love,
   guilt, and hate fuel the idea of the return of the dead to the grave.
   Desiring a reunion with loved ones, mourners may [478]project the idea
   that the recently dead must in return yearn the same. From this arises
   the belief that folkloric vampires and revenants visit relatives,
   particularly their spouses, first.^[479][126] In cases where there was
   unconscious guilt associated with the relationship, however, the wish
   for reunion may be subverted by anxiety. This may lead to
   [480]repression, which [481]Sigmund Freud had linked with the
   development of morbid dread.^[482][127] Jones surmised in this case the
   original wish of a (sexual) reunion may be drastically changed: desire
   is replaced by fear; love is replaced by sadism, and the object or
   loved one is replaced by an unknown entity. The sexual aspect may or
   may not be present.^[483][128] Some modern critics have proposed a
   simpler theory: People identify with immortal vampires because, by so
   doing, they overcome, or at least temporarily escape from, their fear
   of dying.^[484][129]

   The innate sexuality of bloodsucking can be seen in its intrinsic
   connection with [485]cannibalism and folkloric one with
   [486]incubus-like behaviour. Many legends report various beings
   draining other fluids from victims, an unconscious association with
   [487]semen being obvious. Finally Jones notes that when more normal
   aspects of sexuality are repressed, regressed forms may be expressed,
   in particular [488]sadism; he felt that [489]oral sadism is integral in
   vampiric behaviour.^[490][130]

Political interpretation

   The reinvention of the vampire myth in the modern era is not without
   political overtones.^[491][131] The aristocratic Count Dracula, alone
   in his castle apart from a few demented retainers, appearing only at
   night to feed on his peasantry, is symbolic of the parasitic
   [492]Ancien regime. In his entry for "Vampires" in the Dictionnaire
   philosophique (1764), Voltaire notices how the end of the 18th century
   coincided with the decline of the folkloric belief in the existence of
   vampires but that now "there were stock-jobbers, brokers, and men of
   business, who sucked the blood of the people in broad daylight; but
   they were not dead, though corrupted. These true suckers lived not in
   cemeteries, but in very agreeable palaces".^[493][132] Marx defined
   capital as "dead labour which, vampire-like, lives only by sucking
   living labour, and lives the more, the more labour it
   sucks".^[494][133] [495]Werner Herzog, in his [496]Nosferatu the
   Vampyre, gives this political interpretation an extra ironic twist when
   protagonist [497]Jonathon Harker, a middle-class solicitor, becomes the
   next vampire; in this way the capitalist [498]bourgeois becomes the
   next parasitic class.^[499][134]

Psychopathology

   A number of murderers have performed seemingly vampiric rituals upon
   their victims. [500]Serial killers [501]Peter Kürten and [502]Richard
   Trenton Chase were both called "vampires" in the [503]tabloids after
   they were discovered drinking the blood of the people they murdered.
   Similarly, in 1932, an unsolved murder case in [504]Stockholm, Sweden
   was nicknamed the "[505]Vampire murder", because of the circumstances
   of the victim's death.^[506][135] The late-16th-century Hungarian
   countess and mass murderer [507]Elizabeth Báthory became particularly
   infamous in later centuries' works, which depicted her bathing in her
   victims' blood in order to retain beauty or youth.^[508][136]

Modern vampire subcultures

   Vampire lifestyle is a term for a contemporary subculture of people,
   largely within the [509]Goth subculture, who consume the blood of
   others as a pastime; drawing from the rich recent history of popular
   culture related to cult symbolism, [510]horror films, the fiction of
   [511]Anne Rice, and the styles of Victorian England.^[512][137] Active
   vampirism within the vampire subculture includes both blood-related
   vampirism, commonly referred to as sanguine vampirism, and [513]psychic
   vampirism, or supposed feeding from [514]pranic energy.^[515][105]

Vampire bats

   Main article: [516]Vampire bat
   A [517]vampire bat in Peru

   Although many cultures have stories about them, [518]vampire bats have
   only recently become an integral part of the traditional vampire lore.
   Indeed, vampire bats were only integrated into vampire folklore when
   they were discovered on the South American mainland in the 16th
   century.^[519][138] Although there are no vampire bats in Europe,
   [520]bats and [521]owls have long been associated with the supernatural
   and omens, although mainly because of their nocturnal
   habits,^[522][138]^[523][139] and in modern English [524]heraldic
   tradition, a bat means "Awareness of the powers of darkness and
   chaos".^[525][140]

   The three species of actual vampire bats are all [526]endemic to Latin
   America, and there is no evidence to suggest that they had any [527]Old
   World relatives within human memory. It is therefore impossible that
   the folkloric vampire represents a distorted presentation or memory of
   the vampire bat. The bats were named after the folkloric vampire rather
   than vice versa; the Oxford English Dictionary records their folkloric
   use in English from 1734 and the zoological not until 1774. Although
   the vampire bat's bite is usually not harmful to a person, the bat has
   been known to actively feed on humans and large prey such as cattle and
   often leave the trademark, two-prong bite mark on its victim's
   skin.^[528][138]

   The literary [529]Dracula transforms into a bat several times in the
   novel, and vampire bats themselves are mentioned twice in it. The 1927
   stage production of Dracula followed the novel in having Dracula turn
   into a bat, as did the [530]film, where [531]Béla Lugosi would
   transform into a bat.^[532][138] The bat transformation scene would
   again be used by [533]Lon Chaney Jr. in 1943's [534]Son of
   Dracula.^[535][141]

In modern fiction

   [536]Count Dracula as portrayed by [537]Béla Lugosi in 1931's
   [538]Dracula
   Main article: [539]List of fictional vampires

   The vampire is now a fixture in popular fiction. Such fiction began
   with 18th-century poetry and continued with 19th-century short stories,
   the first and most influential of which was [540]John Polidori's The
   Vampyre (1819), featuring the vampire [541]Lord Ruthven.^[542][142]
   Lord Ruthven's exploits were further explored in a series of vampire
   plays in which he was the anti-hero. The vampire theme continued in
   [543]penny dreadful serial publications such as [544]Varney the Vampire
   (1847) and culminated in the pre-eminent vampire novel of all time:
   [545]Dracula by Bram Stoker, published in 1897.^[546][143] Over time,
   some attributes now regarded as integral became incorporated into the
   vampire's profile: fangs and vulnerability to sunlight appeared over
   the course of the 19th century, with Varney the Vampire and [547]Count
   Dracula both bearing protruding teeth,^[548][144] and [549]Murnau's
   [550]Nosferatu (1922) fearing daylight.^[551][145] The cloak appeared
   in stage productions of the 1920s, with a high collar introduced by
   playwright [552]Hamilton Deane to help Dracula 'vanish' on
   stage.^[553][146] Lord Ruthven and Varney were able to be healed by
   moonlight, although no account of this is known in traditional
   folklore.^[554][147] Implied though not often explicitly documented in
   folklore, [555]immortality is one attribute which features heavily in
   vampire film and literature. Much is made of the price of eternal life,
   namely the incessant need for blood of former equals.^[556][148]

Literature

   Main article: [557]Vampire literature
   "[558]Carmilla" by [559]D. H. Friston, 1872, from The Dark Blue

   The vampire or revenant first appeared in poems such as The Vampire
   (1748) by [560]Heinrich August Ossenfelder, [561]Lenore (1773) by
   [562]Gottfried August Bürger, Die Braut von Corinth (The Bride of
   Corinth) (1797) by [563]Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, [564]Robert
   Southey's Thalaba the Destroyer (1801), [565]John Stagg's "The Vampyre"
   (1810), [566]Percy Bysshe Shelley's [567]"The Spectral Horseman" (1810)
   ("Nor a yelling vampire reeking with gore") and "Ballad" in [568]St.
   Irvyne (1811) about a reanimated corpse, Sister Rosa, [569]Samuel
   Taylor Coleridge's unfinished [570]Christabel and [571]Lord Byron's
   [572]The Giaour.^[573][149] Byron was also credited with the first
   prose fiction piece concerned with vampires: The Vampyre (1819).
   However this was in reality authored by Byron's personal physician,
   [574]John Polidori, who adapted an enigmatic fragmentary tale of his
   illustrious patient, "Fragment of a Novel" (1819), also known as "The
   Burial: A Fragment".^[575][18]^[576][143] Byron's own dominating
   personality, mediated by his lover [577]Lady Caroline Lamb in her
   unflattering roman-a-clef, Glenarvon (a Gothic fantasia based on
   Byron's wild life), was used as a model for Polidori's undead
   protagonist [578]Lord Ruthven. The Vampyre was highly successful and
   the most influential vampire work of the early 19th century.^[579][2]

   [580]Varney the Vampire was a landmark popular mid-[581]Victorian era
   [582]gothic horror story by [583]James Malcolm Rymer and [584]Thomas
   Peckett Prest, which first appeared from 1845 to 1847 in a series of
   pamphlets generally referred to as [585]penny dreadfuls because of
   their inexpensive price and typically gruesome contents.^[586][142] The
   story was published in book form in 1847 and runs to 868
   double-columned pages. It has a distinctly suspenseful style, using
   vivid imagery to describe the horrifying exploits of Varney.^[587][147]
   Another important addition to the genre was [588]Sheridan Le Fanu's
   [589]lesbian vampire story [590]Carmilla (1871). Like Varney before
   her, the vampire Carmilla is portrayed in a somewhat sympathetic light
   as the compulsion of her condition is highlighted.^[591][150]

   No effort to depict vampires in popular fiction was as influential or
   as definitive as [592]Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897).^[593][151] Its
   portrayal of vampirism as a disease of contagious demonic possession,
   with its undertones of sex, blood and death, struck a chord in
   [594]Victorian Europe where tuberculosis and [595]syphilis were common.
   The vampiric traits described in Stoker's work merged with and
   dominated folkloric tradition, eventually evolving into the modern
   fictional vampire.^[596][142] Drawing on past works such as The Vampyre
   and "Carmilla", Stoker began to research his new book in the late 19th
   century, reading works such as The Land Beyond the Forest (1888) by
   [597]Emily Gerard and other books about Transylvania and vampires. In
   London, a colleague mentioned to him the story of [598]Vlad Ţepeş, the
   "real-life Dracula," and Stoker immediately incorporated this story
   into his book. The first chapter of the book was omitted when it was
   published in 1897, but it was released in 1914 as Dracula's
   Guest.^[599][152]

   The latter part of the 20th century saw the rise of multi-volume
   vampire epics. The first of these was Gothic romance writer
   [600]Marilyn Ross' [601]Barnabas Collins series (1966–71), loosely
   based on the contemporary American TV series [602]Dark Shadows. It also
   set the trend for seeing vampires as poetic [603]tragic heroes rather
   than as the more traditional embodiment of evil. This formula was
   followed in novelist Anne Rice's highly popular and influential
   [604]Vampire Chronicles (1976–2003).^[605][153]

   The 21st century brought more examples of vampire fiction, such as
   [606]J.R. Ward's [607]Black Dagger Brotherhood series, and other highly
   popular vampire books which appeal to teenagers and young adults. Such
   vampiric [608]paranormal romance novels and allied vampiric
   [609]chick-lit and vampiric [610]occult detective stories are a
   remarkably popular and ever-expanding contemporary publishing
   phenomenon.^[611][154] [612]L.A. Banks' [613]The Vampire Huntress
   Legend Series, [614]Laurell K. Hamilton's erotic [615]Anita Blake:
   Vampire Hunter series, and [616]Kim Harrison's [617]The Hollows series,
   portray the vampire in a variety of new perspectives, some of them
   unrelated to the original legends. Vampires in the [618]Twilight series
   (2005–2008) by [619]Stephenie Meyer ignore the effects of garlic and
   crosses, and are not harmed by sunlight (although it does reveal their
   supernatural nature).^[620][155] [621]Richelle Mead further deviates
   from traditional vampires in her [622]Vampire Academy series
   (2007–present), basing the novels on Romanian lore with two races of
   vampires, one good and one evil, as well as half-vampires.^[623][156]

Film and television

   Main article: [624]Vampire film
   Iconic scene from [625]F. W. Murnau's [626]Nosferatu, 1922

   Considered one of the preeminent figures of the classic horror film,
   the vampire has proven to be a rich subject for the film and gaming
   industries. [627]Dracula is a major character in more films than any
   other but [628]Sherlock Holmes, and many early films were either based
   on the novel of Dracula or closely derived from it. These included the
   landmark 1922 German silent film [629]Nosferatu, directed by [630]F. W.
   Murnau and featuring the first film portrayal of Dracula—although names
   and characters were intended to mimic Dracula's, Murnau could not
   obtain permission to do so from Stoker's widow, and had to alter many
   aspects of the film. In addition to this film was Universal's
   [631]Dracula (1931), starring Béla Lugosi as the Count in what was the
   first talking film to portray Dracula. The decade saw several more
   vampire films, most notably [632]Dracula's Daughter in 1936.^[633][157]

   The legend of the vampire was cemented in the film industry when
   Dracula was reincarnated for a new generation with the celebrated
   [634]Hammer Horror series of films, starring [635]Christopher Lee as
   the Count. The successful 1958 [636]Dracula starring Lee was followed
   by seven sequels. Lee returned as Dracula in all but two of these and
   became well known in the role.^[637][158] By the 1970s, vampires in
   films had diversified with works such as [638]Count Yorga, Vampire
   (1970), an African Count in 1972's [639]Blacula, the BBC's [640]Count
   Dracula featuring French actor [641]Louis Jourdan as Dracula and
   [642]Frank Finlay as Abraham Van Helsing, and a Nosferatu-like vampire
   in 1979's [643]Salem's Lot, and a remake of Nosferatu itself, titled
   [644]Nosferatu the Vampyre with [645]Klaus Kinski the same year.
   Several films featured female, often lesbian, vampire antagonists such
   as Hammer Horror's [646]The Vampire Lovers (1970) based on Carmilla,
   though the plotlines still revolved around a central evil vampire
   character.^[647][158]

   The pilot for the Dan Curtis 1972 television series [648]Kolchak: The
   Night Stalker revolved around reporter Carl Kolchak hunting a vampire
   on the Las Vegas strip. Later films showed more diversity in plotline,
   with some focusing on the vampire-hunter, such as [649]Blade in the
   [650]Marvel Comics' [651]Blade films and the film [652]Buffy the
   Vampire Slayer.^[653][142] Buffy, released in 1992, foreshadowed a
   vampiric presence on television, with adaptation to a long-running hit
   [654]TV series of the same name and its spin-off [655]Angel. Still
   others showed the vampire as protagonist, such as 1983's [656]The
   Hunger, 1994's [657]Interview with the Vampire: The Vampire Chronicles
   and its indirect sequel of sorts [658]Queen of the Damned, and the 2007
   series [659]Moonlight. [660]Bram Stoker's Dracula was a noteworthy 1992
   film which became the then-highest grossing vampire film
   ever.^[661][159] This increase of interest in vampiric plotlines led to
   the vampire being depicted in films such as [662]Underworld and
   [663]Van Helsing, and the Russian [664]Night Watch and a TV miniseries
   remake of [665]'Salem's Lot, both from 2004. The series [666]Blood Ties
   premiered on [667]Lifetime Television in 2007, featuring a character
   portrayed as Henry Fitzroy, illegitimate son of [668]Henry VIII of
   England turned vampire, in modern-day [669]Toronto, with a female
   former Toronto detective in the starring role. A 2008 series from HBO,
   entitled [670]True Blood, gives a [671]Southern take to the vampire
   theme.^[672][155] In the same year the [673]BBC Three series [674]Being
   Human became popular in Britain. It featured an unconventional trio of
   a vampire, a werewolf and a ghost who are sharing a flat in
   [675]Bristol.^[676][160]^[677][161] Another popular vampire-related
   show is CW's [678]The Vampire Diaries. The continuing popularity of the
   vampire theme has been ascribed to a combination of two factors: the
   representation of [679]sexuality and the perennial dread of
   mortality.^[680][162] Another "vampiric" series that has come out
   between 2008 and 2012 is the [681]Twilight Saga, a series of films
   based on the book series of the same name.

   In quite another type of depiction, [682]Count von Count, a harmless
   and friendly vampire parodying Bela Lugosi's depictions, is a major
   character on the children's television series [683]Sesame Street. He
   teaches counting and simple arithmetic through his compulsion to count
   everything, a trait he shares with certain other vampires of folklore.

Games

   The [684]role-playing game [685]Vampire: the Masquerade has been
   influential upon modern vampire fiction and elements of its
   terminology, such as embrace and sire, appear in contemporary
   fiction.^[686][142] Popular [687]video games about vampires include
   [688]Castlevania, which is an extension of the original Bram Stoker
   Dracula novel, and [689]Legacy of Kain.^[690][163] Vampires are also
   sporadically portrayed in other games, including [691]The Elder Scrolls
   IV: Oblivion, when a character can become afflicted with porphyric
   haemophilia.^[692][164] A different take on vampires is presented in
   Bethesda's other game [693]Fallout 3 with "The Family". Members of the
   Family are afflicted with a manic desire to [694]consume human flesh,
   but restrict themselves to drinking blood to avoid becoming complete
   monsters.^[695][165]

Notes

    1. ^ [696]^a [697]^b Silver & Ursini, The Vampire Film, pp. 22-23.
    2. ^ [698]^a [699]^b Silver & Ursini, The Vampire Film, pp. 37-38.
       Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "SU378" defined multiple times
       with different content (see the [700]help page).
    3. [701]^ J. Simpson, E. Weiner (eds), ed. (1989). "Vampire". Oxford
       English Dictionary (2nd ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press.
       [702]ISBN [703]0-19-861186-2.
    4. [704]^ Vermeir, K. (2012). Vampires as Creatures of the
       Imagination: Theories of Body, Soul, and Imagination in Early
       Modern Vampire Tracts (1659–1755). In Y. Haskell (Ed.), Diseases of
       the Imagination and Imaginary Disease in the Early Modern Period.
       Turnhout: Brepols Publishers.
    5. ^ [705]^a [706]^b [707]^c Barber, p. 5.
    6. [708]^ [709]"Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob Grimm und Wilhelm
       Grimm. 16 Bde. (in 32 Teilbänden). Leipzig: S. Hirzel 1854–1960"
       (in German). Archived from [710]the original on 26 September 2007.
       Retrieved 2006-06-13.
    7. [711]^ [712]"Vampire". Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Retrieved
       2006-06-13.
    8. [713]^ [714]"Trésor de la Langue Française informatisé" (in
       French). Retrieved 2006-06-13.
    9. [715]^ Dauzat, Albert (1938). Dictionnaire étymologique de la
       langue française (in French). Paris: Librairie Larousse.
       [716]OCLC [717]904687.
   10. [718]^ Weibel, Peter. [719]"Phantom Painting – Reading Reed:
       Painting between Autopsy and Autoscopy". David Reed's Vampire Study
       Center. Archived from [720]the original on 27 September 2007.
       Retrieved 2007-02-23.
   11. [721]^ Dragana Jovanović (29 November 2012). [722]"Vampire Threat
       Terrorizes Serbian Village". ABC News. Retrieved 3 December 2012.
   12. [723]^ [724]Tokarev, Sergei Aleksandrovich (1982). Mify Narodov
       Mira (in Russian). Sovetskaya Entsiklopediya: Moscow.
       [725]OCLC [726]7576647.  ("Myths of the Peoples of the World").
       Upyr'
   13. ^ [727]^a [728]^b [729]"Russian Etymological Dictionary by Max
       Vasmer" (in Russian). Retrieved 2006-06-13.
   14. [730]^ (Bulgarian)Mladenov, Stefan (1941). Etimologičeski i
       pravopisen rečnik na bǎlgarskiya knižoven ezik.
   15. [731]^ MACHEK, V.: Etymologický slovník jazyka českého, 5th
       edition, NLN, Praha 2010
   16. [732]^ [733]Рыбаков Б.А. Язычество древних славян / М.:
       Издательство 'Наука,' 1981 г. (in Russian). Retrieved 2007-02-28.
   17. [734]^ Зубов, Н.И. (1998). [735]Загадка Периодизации Славянского
       Язычества В Древнерусских Списках "Слова Св. Григория ... О Том,
       Како Первое Погани Суще Языци, Кланялися Идолом...". Живая Старина
       (in Russian) 1 (17): 6–10. Retrieved 2007-02-28.
   18. ^ [736]^a [737]^b [738]^c [739]^d [740]^e Cohen, pp. 271–274.
   19. [741]^ Barber, pp. 41–42.
   20. ^ [742]^a [743]^b Barber, p. 2.
   21. [744]^ Barber, p. 33.
   22. ^ [745]^a [746]^b [747]^c Reader's Digest Association (1988).
       "Vampires Galore!". The Reader's Digest Book of strange stories,
       amazing facts: stories that are bizarre, unusual, odd, astonishing,
       incredible ... but true. London: Reader's Digest. pp. 432–433.
       [748]ISBN [749]0-949819-89-1.
   23. [750]^ Barber, pp. 50–51.
   24. [751]^ Lawson, John Cuthbert (1910). Modern Greek Folklore and
       Ancient Greek Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
       pp. 405–06. [752]ISBN [753]0-524-02024-8. [754]OCLC [755]1465746.
   25. [756]^ Barber, p. 49.
   26. ^ [757]^a [758]^b Jaramillo Londoño, Agustín (1986) [1967].
       Testamento del paisa (in Spanish) (7th ed.). Medellín: Susaeta
       Ediciones. [759]ISBN [760]958-95125-0-X.
   27. [761]^ [762]Gjurmime albanologjike, Folklor dhe etnologji, Vol. 15,
       pp. 58–148.
   28. [763]^ Barber, pp. 68–69.
   29. [764]^ Barber, p. 125.
   30. [765]^ Barber, p. 109.
   31. ^ [766]^a [767]^b Barber, pp. 114–15.
   32. [768]^ Barber, p. 96.
   33. [769]^ Bunson, Vampire Encyclopedia, pp. 168–69.
   34. [770]^ Barber, p. 63.
   35. [771]^ Mappin, Jenni (2003). Didjaknow: Truly Amazing & Crazy Facts
       About... Everything. Australia: Pancake. p. 50.
       [772]ISBN [773]0-330-40171-8.
   36. [774]^ Burkhardt, "Vampirglaube und Vampirsage", p. 221.
   37. ^ [775]^a [776]^b Spence, Lewis (1960). An Encyclopaedia of
       Occultism. New Hyde Parks: University Books.
       [777]ISBN [778]0-486-42613-0. [779]OCLC [780]3417655.
   38. ^ [781]^a [782]^b Silver & Ursini, p. 25.
   39. ^ [783]^a [784]^b Barber, p. 73.
   40. [785]^ [786]Alseikaite-Gimbutiene, Marija (1946). Die Bestattung in
       Litauen in der vorgeschichtlichen Zeit (in German). Tübingen.
       [787]OCLC [788]1059867.  (thesis).
   41. [789]^ Vukanović, T.P. (1959). "The Vampire". Journal of the Gypsy
       Lore Society 38: 111–18.
   42. [790]^ Klapper, Joseph (1909). "Die schlesischen Geschichten von
       den schädingenden Toten". Mitteilungen der schlesischen
       Gesellschaft für Volkskunde (in German) 11: 58–93.
   43. [791]^ Löwenstimm, A. (1897). Aberglaube und Stafrecht (in German).
       Berlin. p. 99.
   44. [792]^ Bachtold-Staubli, H. (1934–35). Handwörterbuch des deutschen
       Aberglaubens (in German). Berlin.
   45. [793]^ Filipovic, Milenko (1962). "Die Leichenverbrennung bei den
       Südslaven". Wiener völkerkundliche Mitteilungen (in German) 10:
       61–71.
   46. [794]^ Barber, p. 158.
   47. [795]^ Greenfieldboyce, Nell (November 27, 2014). [796]"Scientists
       Analyze Skeletal Remains From Vampire Graveyard". NPR. Retrieved 8
       March 2015.
   48. [797]^ Barber, p. 157.
   49. [798]^ Reported by Ariel David, "Italy dig unearths female
       'vampire' in Venice," 13 March 2009, [799]Associated Press via
       [800]Yahoo! News, [801]archived; also by Reuters, published under
       the headline "Researchers find remains that support medieval
       'vampire'" in The Australian, 13 March 2009, [802]archived with
       photo (scroll down).
   50. [803]^ Bunson, p. 154.
   51. [804]^ [805]'Vampire' skeletons found in Bulgaria near Black Sea
       BBC, 6 June 2012
   52. [806]^ [807]Skeletons treated for vampirism found in Bulgaria Fox
       News, 5 June 2012.
   53. [808]^ McNally, Raymond T.; Florescu, Radu. (1994). In Search of
       Dracula. Houghton Mifflin. p. 117. [809]ISBN [810]0-395-65783-0.
   54. [811]^ Marigny, pp. 24–25.
   55. [812]^ [813]Burton, Sir Richard R. (1893) [1870]. [814]Vikram and
       The Vampire:Classic Hindu Tales of Adventure, Magic, and Romance.
       London: Tylston and Edwards. [815]ISBN [816]0-89281-475-6.
       Retrieved 2007-09-28.
   56. [817]^ Bunson, Vampire Encyclopedia, p. 200.
   57. [818]^ Marigny, p. 14.
   58. ^ [819]^a [820]^b Hurwitz, Lilith.
   59. [821]^ Shael, Rabbi (1 June 2009). [822]"Rabbi Shael
       Speaks...Tachles: Vampires, Einstein and Jewish Folklore".
       Shaelsiegel.blogspot.com. Retrieved 2010-12-05.
   60. ^ [823]^a [824]^b [825]Graves, Robert (1990) [1955]. "The Empusae".
       [826]The Greek Myths. London: Penguin. pp. 189–90.
       [827]ISBN [828]0-14-001026-2.
   61. ^ [829]^a [830]^b Graves, "Lamia", in Greek Myths, pp. 205–206.
   62. [831]^ Oliphant, Samuel Grant (1 January 1913). "The Story of the
       Strix: Ancient". Transactions and Proceedings of the American
       Philological Association 44: 133–49. [832]doi:[833]10.2307/282549.
       [834]ISSN [835]0065-9711. [836]JSTOR [837]282549.
   63. [838]^ Haqqında - [839]"Xortdan"
   64. [840]^ "[841]'Vampire' Skeletons Found in Bulgaria". Discovery
       News. June 6, 2012.
   65. [842]^ [843]William of Newburgh; Paul Halsall (2000). [844]"Book 5,
       Chapter 22–24". Historia rerum Anglicarum. Fordham University.
       Retrieved 2007-10-16.
   66. [845]^ Jones, p. 121.
   67. [846]^ Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A
       Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in
       Grettis Saga". Folklore 120: 307–316; p. 309.
   68. [847]^ Klinger, Leslie (2008). "Dracula's Family Tree". The New
       Annotated Dracula. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. p. 570.
       [848]ISBN [849]978-0-393-06450-6.
   69. [850]^ Pile, Steve (2005). "Dracula's Family Tree". Real cities:
       modernity, space and the phantasmagorias of city life. London: Sage
       Publications Ltd. p. 570. [851]ISBN [852]0-7619-7041-X.
   70. [853]^ Caron, Richard (2001). "Dracula's Family Tree". Ésotérisme,
       gnoses & imaginaire symbolique: mélanges offerts à Antoine Faivre.
       Belgium: Peteers, Bondgenotenlaan 153. p. 598.
       [854]ISBN [855]90-429-0955-2.
   71. ^ [856]^a [857]^b Barber, pp. 5–9.
   72. ^ [858]^a [859]^b Barber, pp. 15–21.
   73. ^ [860]^a [861]^b Hoyt, pp. 101–06
   74. [862]^ Voltaire (1984) [1764]. Philosophical Dictionary. Penguin.
       [863]ISBN [864]0-14-044257-X.
   75. [865]^ Lambertini, P. (1749). "XXXI". De servorum Dei
       beatificatione et sanctorum canonizatione. Pars prima. pp. 323–24.
   76. [866]^ de Ceglia F.P. (2011). "The Archbishop’s Vampires. Giuseppe
       Davanzati’s Dissertation and the Reaction of Scientific Italian
       Catholicism to the Moravian Events". Archives internationals
       d’histoire des sciences 61 (166/167): 487–510.
   77. [867]^ Bunson, Vampire Encyclopedia, p. 11.
   78. [868]^ Bunson, Vampire Encyclopedia, p. 2.
   79. [869]^ Bunson, Vampire Encyclopedia, p. 219.
   80. [870]^ Bunson, Vampire Encyclopedia, pp. 162–63.
   81. [871]^ Martinez Vilches, Oscar (1992). Chiloe Misterioso: Turismo,
       Mitologia Chilota, leyendas (in Spanish). Chile: Ediciones de la
       Voz de Chiloe. p. 179. [872]OCLC [873]33852127.
   82. ^ [874]^a [875]^b Sledzik, Paul S.; Nicholas Bellantoni (1994).
       [876]"Bioarcheological and biocultural evidence for the New England
       vampire folk belief" (PDF). American Journal of Physical
       Anthropology 94 (2): 269–274.
       [877]doi:[878]10.1002/ajpa.1330940210. [879]PMID [880]8085617.
   83. [881]^ [882]"Interview with a REAL Vampire Stalker".
       SeacoastNH.com. Retrieved 2006-06-14.
   84. [883]^ Bunson, Vampire Encyclopedia, pp. 23–24.
   85. [884]^ Bunson, Vampire Encyclopedia, pp. 137–38.
   86. [885]^ [886]Hearn, Lafcadio (1903). Kwaidan: Stories and Studies of
       Strange Things. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Company.
       [887]ISBN [888]0-585-15043-5.
   87. [889]^ Ramos, Maximo D. (1990) [1971]. Creatures of Philippine
       Lower Mythology. Quezon: Phoenix Publishing.
       [890]ISBN [891]971-06-0691-3.
   88. [892]^ Bunson, Vampire Encyclopedia, p. 197.
   89. [893]^ Hoyt, p. 34.
   90. [894]^ Stephen, Michele (1999). "Witchcraft, Grief, and the
       Ambivalence of Emotions". American Ethnologist 26 (3): 711–737.
       [895]doi:[896]10.1525/ae.1999.26.3.711.
   91. [897]^ Bunson, Vampire Encyclopedia, p. 208.
   92. [898]^ Bunson, Vampire Encyclopedia, p. 150.
   93. [899]^ Hoyt, p. 35.
   94. [900]^ Suckling, Nigel (2006). Vampires. London: Facts, Figures &
       Fun. p. 31. [901]ISBN [902]1-904332-48-X.
   95. [903]^ 劉, 天賜 (2008). 僵屍與吸血鬼. Hong Kong: Joint Publishing (H.K.).
       p. 196. [904]ISBN [905]978-962-04-2735-0.
   96. [906]^ de Groot, J.J.M. (1910). The Religious System of China. E.J.
       Brill. [907]OCLC [908]7022203.
   97. [909]^ Lam, Stephanie (2009). "Hop on Pop: Jiangshi Films in a
       Transnational Context". CineAction (78): 46–51.
   98. [910]^ Hudson, Dave (2009). Draculas, Vampires, and Other Undead
       Forms. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 215.
       [911]ISBN [912]978-0-8108-6923-3.
   99. [913]^ Tenthani, Raphael (23 December 2002). [914]"'Vampires'
       strike Malawi villages". BBC News. Retrieved 2007-12-29.
   100. [915]^ Manchester, Sean (1991). The Highgate Vampire: The Infernal
       World of the Undead Unearthed at London's Highgate Cemetery and
       Environs. London: Gothic Press. [916]ISBN [917]1-872486-01-0.
   101. [918]^ Jeffries, Stuart (18 January 2005). [919]"Reality Bites".
       The Guardian (London). Retrieved 2007-12-29.
   102. [920]^ [921]Math vs. vampires: vampires lose, world-science.net,
       25 October 2006.
   103. [922]^ Stephen Wagner. [923]"On the trail of the Chupacabras".
       Retrieved 2007-10-05.
   104. [924]^ Taylor T (28 October 2007). [925]"The real vampire
       slayers". The Independent (London). Retrieved 2007-12-14.
   105. ^ [926]^a [927]^b Jøn, A. Asbjørn (2002). [928]"The Psychic
       Vampire and Vampyre Subculture". Australian Folklore: A Yearly
       Journal of Folklore Studies (University of New England) (12):
       143–148. [929]ISSN [930]0819-0852.
   106. [931]^ Hume, L., & Kathleen Mcphillips, K. (Eds.). (2006). Popular
       spiritualities: The politics of contemporary enchantment.
       Burlington, Ashgate Publishing.
   107. [932]^ Young, T. H. (1999). "Dancing on Bela Lugosi's grave: The
       politics and aesthetics of Gothic club dancing". Dance Research 17
       (1): 75–97. [933]JSTOR [934]1290878.
   108. [935]^ Belanger, Michelle (2007). Vampires in Their Own Words: An
       Anthology of Vampire Voices. Woodbury MN: Llewellyn Worldwide.
       p. 118. [936]ISBN [937]978-0-7387-1220-8.
       [938]OCLC [939]245535068.
   109. [940]^ Malki, David (30 October 2009). [941]"Wondermark »
       Archive » #566; Supernatural Collective Nouns.". UNDEAD CLASS. "A
       basement of vampires."
   110. [942]^ Barber, pp. 1–4.
   111. [943]^ Barber, Paul (March–April 1996). [944]"Staking Claims: The
       Vampires of Folklore and Fiction". [945]Skeptical Inquirer 20 (2).
       Retrieved June 29, 2015.
   112. [946]^ Barber, p. 117.
   113. [947]^ Barber, p. 105.
   114. ^ [948]^a [949]^b Barber, p. 119.
   115. [950]^ Marigny, pp. 48–49.
   116. [951]^ Barber, p. 128.
   117. [952]^ Barber, pp. 137–38.
   118. [953]^ Barber, p. 115.
   119. [954]^ Dolphin D (1985) "Werewolves and Vampires," annual meeting
       of American Association for the Advancement of Science.
   120. [955]^ Barber, p. 100.
   121. [956]^ Adams, Cecil (7 May 1999). [957]"Did vampires suffer from
       the disease porphyria—or not?". The Straight Dope. Chicago Reader.
       Retrieved 2007-12-25.
   122. [958]^ Pierach, Claus A. (13 June 1985). [959]"Vampire Label
       Unfair To Porphyria Sufferers". Opinion. Retrieved 2007-12-25.
   123. [960]^ Kujtan, Peter W. (29 October 2005). [961]"Porphyria: The
       Vampire Disease". The Mississauga News online. Retrieved
       2009-11-09.
   124. [962]^ Gómez-Alonso, Juan (1998). "Rabies: a possible explanation
       for the vampire legend". Neurology 51 (3): 856–9.
       [963]doi:[964]10.1212/WNL.51.3.856. [965]PMID [966]9748039.
   125. [967]^ [968]"Rabies-The Vampire's Kiss". BBC news. 24 September
       1998. Retrieved 2007-03-18.
   126. [969]^ Jones, pp. 100–102.
   127. [970]^ Jones, Ernest (1911). "The Pathology of Morbid Anxiety".
       Journal of Abnormal Psychology 6 (2): 81–106.
       [971]doi:[972]10.1037/h0074306. [973]PMID [974]17296997.
   128. [975]^ Jones, p. 106.
   129. [976]^ [977]McMahon, Twilight of an Idol, p. 193.
   130. [978]^ Jones, "The Vampire", pp. 116–20.
   131. [979]^ Glover, David (1996). Vampires, Mummies, and Liberals: Bram
       Stoker and the Politics of Popular Fiction. Durham, NC.: Duke
       University Press. [980]ISBN [981]0-8223-1798-2.
   132. [982]^ [983]VAMPIRES. – Voltaire, The Works of Voltaire, Vol. VII
       (Philosophical Dictionary Part 5) (1764)
   133. [984]^ An extensive discussion of the diffenrent uses of the
       vampire metaphor in Marx's writings can be found in Policante, A.
       [985]"Vampires of Capital: Gothic Reflections between horror and
       hope" in [986]Cultural Logic, 2010.
   134. [987]^ Brass, Tom (2000). "Nymphs, Shepherds, and Vampires: The
       Agrarian Myth on Film". Dialectical Anthropology 25 (3/4): 205–237.
       [988]doi:[989]10.1023/A:1011615201664.
   135. [990]^ Linnell, Stig (1993) [1968]. Stockholms spökhus och andra
       ruskiga ställen (in Swedish). Raben Prisma.
       [991]ISBN [992]91-518-2738-7.
   136. [993]^ Hoyt, pp. 68–71.
   137. [994]^ Skal(1993) pp. 342–43.
   138. ^ [995]^a [996]^b [997]^c [998]^d Cohen, pp. 95–96.
   139. [999]^ Cooper, J.C. (1992). Symbolic and Mythological Animals.
       London: Aquarian Press. pp. 25–26. [1000]ISBN [1001]1-85538-118-4.
   140. [1002]^ [1003]"Heraldic "Meanings"". American College of Heraldry.
       Retrieved 2006-04-30.
   141. [1004]^ Skal (1996) pp. 19–21.
   142. ^ [1005]^a [1006]^b [1007]^c [1008]^d [1009]^e Jøn, A. Asbjørn
       (2001). [1010]"From Nosteratu to Von Carstein: shifts in the
       portrayal of vampires". Australian Folklore: A Yearly Journal of
       Folklore Studies (University of New England) (16): 97–106.
       Retrieved 1 November 2015.
   143. ^ [1011]^a [1012]^b Christopher Frayling (1992) Vampyres – Lord
       Byron to Count Dracula.
   144. [1013]^ Skal(1996) p. 99.
   145. [1014]^ Skal(1996) p. 104.
   146. [1015]^ Skal(1996) p. 62.
   147. ^ [1016]^a [1017]^b Silver & Ursini, pp. 38–39.
   148. [1018]^ Bunson, p. 131.
   149. [1019]^ Marigny, pp. 114–115.
   150. [1020]^ Silver & Ursini, pp. 40–41.
   151. [1021]^ Silver & Ursini, p. 43.
   152. [1022]^ Marigny, pp. 82–85.
   153. [1023]^ Silver & Ursini, p. 205.
   154. [1024]^ [1025]Vampire Romance.
   155. ^ [1026]^a [1027]^b Beam, Christopher (20 November 2008). [1028]"I
       Vant To Upend Your Expectations: Why film vampires always break all
       the vampire rules". Slate Magazine. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
   156. [1029]^ [1030]"Vampire buzz takes bite in Kirkland".
       Pnwlocalnews.com. 21 December 2009. Retrieved 2010-12-05.
   157. [1031]^ Marigny, pp. 90–92.
   158. ^ [1032]^a [1033]^b Marigny, pp. 92–95.
   159. [1034]^ Silver & Ursini, p. 208.
   160. [1035]^ Germania, Monica (2012): Being Human? Twenty-First-Century
       Monsters. In: Edwards, Justin & Monnet, Agnieszka Soltysik
       (Publisher): The Gothic in Contemporary Literature and Popular
       Culture: Pop Goth. New York: Taylor P.57-70
   161. [1036]^ Dan Martin (19 June 2014). [1037]"Top-10 most important
       vampire programs in TV history". Cleveland.com. Retrieved 8 August
       2014.
   162. [1038]^ Bartlett, Wayne; Flavia Idriceanu (2005). Legends of
       Blood: The Vampire in History and Myth. London: NPI Media Group.
       p. 46. [1039]ISBN [1040]0-7509-3736-X.
   163. [1041]^ S. T. Joshi (January 2007). [1042]Icons of horror and the
       supernatural 2. pp. 645–6. [1043]ISBN [1044]978-0-313-33782-6.
   164. [1045]^ [1046]"Vampirism in Oblivion".
   165. [1047]^ [1048]"The Family".

References

     * Barber, Paul (1988). Vampires, Burial and Death: Folklore and
       Reality. New York: Yale University Press.
       [1049]ISBN [1050]0-300-04126-8.
     * Bunson, Matthew (1993). The Vampire Encyclopedia. London: Thames &
       Hudson. [1051]ISBN [1052]0-500-27748-6.
     * Burkhardt, Dagmar (1966). "Vampirglaube und Vampirsage auf dem
       Balkan". Beiträge zur Südosteuropa-Forschung: Anlässlich des I.
       Internationalen Balkanologenkongresses in Sofia 26. VIII.-1. IX.
       1966 (in German). Munich: Rudolf Trofenik.
       [1053]OCLC [1054]1475919.
     * Cohen, Daniel (1989). Encyclopedia of Monsters: Bigfoot, Chinese
       Wildman, Nessie, Sea Ape, Werewolf and many more... London: Michael
       O'Mara Books Ltd. [1055]ISBN [1056]0-948397-94-2.
     * Créméné, Adrien (1981). La mythologie du vampire en Roumanie (in
       French). Monaco: Rocher. [1057]ISBN [1058]2-268-00095-8.
     * Faivre, Antoine (1962). Les Vampires. Essai historique, critique et
       littéraire (in French). Paris: Eric Losfeld.
       [1059]OCLC [1060]6139817.
     * Féval, Paul (1851–1852). Les tribunaux secrets : ouvrage historique
       (in French). Paris: E. et V. Penaud frères.
     * Frayling, Christopher (1991). Vampyres, Lord Byron to Count
       Dracula. London: Faber. [1061]ISBN [1062]0-571-16792-6.
     * Hoyt, Olga (1984). "The Monk's Investigation". Lust for Blood: The
       Consuming Story of Vampires. Chelsea: Scarborough House.
       [1063]ISBN [1064]0-8128-8511-2.
     * Introvigne, Massimo (1997). La stirpe di Dracula: Indagine sul
       vampirismo dall'antichità ai nostri giorni (in Italian). Milan:
       Mondadori. [1065]ISBN [1066]88-04-42735-3.
     * Hurwitz, Siegmund (1992) [1980]. Gela Jacobson (trans.), ed.
       Lilith, the First Eve: Historical and Psychological Aspects of the
       Dark Feminine. Einsiedeln, Switzerland: Daimon Verlag.
       [1067]ISBN [1068]3-85630-522-X.
     * Jennings, Lee Byron (2004) [1986]. "An Early German Vampire Tale:
       Wilhelm Waiblinger's 'Olura'". In Reinhard Breymayer and Hartmut
       Froeschle (eds.). In dem milden und glücklichen Schwaben und in der
       Neuen Welt: Beiträge zur Goethezeit. Stuttgart: Akademischer Verlag
       Stuttgart. pp. 295–306. [1069]ISBN [1070]3-88099-428-5.
     * Jøn, A. Asbjørn (2001). [1071]"From Nosteratu to Von Carstein:
       shifts in the portrayal of vampires". Australian Folklore: A Yearly
       Journal of Folklore Studies (University of New England) (16):
       97–106. Retrieved 1 November 2015.
     * Jøn, A. Asbjørn (2002). [1072]"The Psychic Vampire and Vampyre
       Subculture". Australian Folklore: A Yearly Journal of Folklore
       Studies (University of New England) (12): 143–148.
     * Jones, Ernest (1931). "The Vampire". On the Nightmare. London:
       Hogarth Press and Institute of Psycho-Analysis.
       [1073]ISBN [1074]0-394-54835-3. [1075]OCLC [1076]2382718.
     * Marigny, Jean (1993). Vampires: The World of the Undead. London:
       Thames & Hudson. [1077]ISBN [1078]0-500-30041-0.
     * McNally, Raymond T. (1983). Dracula Was a Woman. McGraw Hill.
       [1079]ISBN [1080]0-07-045671-2.
     * Schwartz, Howard (1988). Lilith's Cave: Jewish tales of the
       supernatural. San Francisco: Harper & Row.
       [1081]ISBN [1082]0-06-250779-6.
     * Skal, David J. (1993). The Monster Show: A Cultural History of
       Horror. New York: Penguin. [1083]ISBN [1084]0-14-024002-0.
     * Skal, David J. (1996). V is for Vampire. New York: Plume.
       [1085]ISBN [1086]0-452-27173-8.
     * Silver, Alain; James Ursini (1993). The Vampire Film: From
       Nosferatu to Bram Stoker's Dracula. New York: Limelight.
       [1087]ISBN [1088]0-87910-170-9.
     * [1089]Summers, Montague (2005) [1928]. Vampires and Vampirism.
       Mineola, NY: Dover. [1090]ISBN [1091]0-486-43996-8.  (Originally
       published as The Vampire: His Kith and Kin)
     * Summers, Montague (1996) [1929]. The Vampire in Europe. Gramercy
       Books: New York. [1092]ISBN [1093]0-517-14989-3.  (also published
       as The Vampire in Lore and Legend, [1094]ISBN 0-486-41942-8)
     * Vuković, Milan T. (2004). Народни обичаји, веровања и пословице код
       Срба (in Serbian). Belgrade: Сазвежђа.
       [1095]ISBN [1096]86-83699-08-0.
     * Wilson, Katharina M (Oct–Dec 1985). "The History of the Word
       "Vampire"". Journal of the History of Ideas 46 (4): 577–583.
       [1097]doi:[1098]10.2307/2709546. [1099]JSTOR [1100]2709546.
     * Wright, Dudley (1973) [1914]. The Book of Vampires. New York:
       Causeway Books. [1101]ISBN [1102]0-88356-007-0.  (Originally
       published as Vampire and Vampirism; also published as The History
       of Vampires)

External links

   Look up [1103]vampire in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
   [1104]Library resources about
   Vampire
     ______________
11 Bloody Facts About Vampire Bats

   [sep28x28.png]
   [19][pin_it_button.png] [20]submit to reddit
   [21]Matt Soniak
   filed under: [22]11, [23]Animals, [24]biology, [25]disgusting
   Image credit:

   Wikimedia Commons
   Like us on Facebook

   Bats are firmly rooted in Western vampire lore, but only three species,
   out of some 1100 in the order Chiroptera, actually have a taste for
   blood. The vampire bats are the only mammals in the world that live on
   blood alone, and the unique challenges of that diet make them some of
   the most specialized, fascinating and downright weird animals that
   nature has to offer.

   1. The three vampire bat species—the common vampire bat (Desmodus
   rotundus), the hairy-legged vampire bat (Diphylla ecaudata), and the
   white-winged vampire bat (Diaemus youngi)—are closely related and
   grouped together in the subfamily Desmodontinae. Their ranges overlap
   in parts of Central and South America, so, in what might be an effort
   to avoid competition with each other, the species specialize in
   different prey. The common vampire feeds primarily on the blood of
   mammals —ranging from tapirs to horses to the occasional human—and
   seems to have a preference for livestock animals. The hairy-legged
   vampire, meanwhile, lives almost exclusively on bird blood, while the
   white-winged vampire is more versatile and drinks from both birds and
   mammals.

   2. Other bats with less grisly diets got a bad rap from European
   explorers in the Americas. The Europeans had heard stories about
   blood-drinking bats and encountered native people and livestock that
   had been bitten in the night and, without any real knowledge of the
   animals’ diets, began [26]labeling different bats as vampires willy
   nilly, usually applying the term to bigger and/or uglier ones. Bats
   that lived on insects or even fruit were assumed to be vampires thanks
   to their appearance, and the association stuck when they were
   scientifically described and saddled with names like [27]Vampyrum
   spectrum and [28]Pteropus vampyrus. Meanwhile, when a naturalist
   finally got his hands on an actual vampire, D. rotundus, no one one
   believed his assertions that it drank blood, and he made no mention of
   it in his description.

   3. When the bats feed, they use their teeth to shear away hair or
   feathers from a small spot and then cut into their victim’s flesh with
   their sharp incisors. (According to zoologists at Chicago’s Field
   Museum, even the teeth on old, preserved bat skulls in museum
   collections are sharp enough to cut someone handling them carelessly.)
   Rather than actively suck the blood from the wound like their
   namesakes, the bats let the physics of [29]capillary action do the
   work. They lap at the blood and specialized grooves on their lips,
   tongues, and/or roof or their mouths suction it up. A protein in the
   bats’ saliva called a plasminogen activator prevents the blood from
   clotting and keeps it flowing freely while they drink.

   [30]Wikimedia Commons

   4. White-winged vampires have a few tricks for feeding on domestic
   chickens without startling the birds. Sometimes, they’ll approach a hen
   and mimic a chick by nuzzling up to her brood patch. This featherless
   section of skin on the hen’s underside is densely packed with blood
   vessels and is used to transfer heat to her eggs or chicks during
   nesting. The vessels make an easy target for the bat, and if the hen
   thinks it's her baby cuddling up to her, she’ll sit on the bat to give
   it access to drink. Other times, the bats will climb up on a hen’s
   back, mimicking the touch and weight of a mounting rooster and sending
   the hen into the crouching stance they take before mating. The bat can
   then shimmy up to the hen’s neck for a bite and she’ll stay in that
   position until the bat hops off.

   5. White-winged vampires will also take their meals in the trees
   instead of the barnyard. While a bird roosts on a branch, the bat
   sneaks up on it from below, crawling along the underside of the branch
   and staying out of sight. Once it’s directly underneath its prey, the
   bat bites the bird’s big rear-pointing toe and drinks its fill.

   6. The hairy-legged vampire also feeds in the trees, but doesn’t bother
   with subtlety like its cousin. They’ll often land directly on a bird
   and hang from its body upside-down with their feet while biting around
   the bird’s cloaca, the all-purpose entrance and exit for the
   intestinal, reproductive, and urinary tracts. The maneuver is helped by
   the bat’s calcar, a bony spur that comes off the ankle bone. It’s
   absent in some bats and underdeveloped in others, but the hairy-legged
   vampire’s protrudes noticeably and is used by the bat like an extra
   digit to help it hang on.

   7. Unlike its cousins, the common vampire bat eats solely on the
   ground, and it has evolved to be as nimble there as it is in flight.
   While most other bats are awkward crawlers, the common vampire can
   [31]move with a quick run-like gait or hop along the ground, supporting
   its weight on its hind legs and using its wings and elongated thumbs to
   steer and push off of the ground. This comes in handy for chasing after
   prey on the move and for jumping out of the way if it needs to.

   IFRAME: [32]//www.youtube.com/embed/iLp-ls8AoaU

   Feeding for common vampires is often risky, given that their preferred
   victim, the domestic cow, is several thousand times larger than they
   are. They usually bite cows on the area of the leg just above and
   behind the hoof, since the skin is relatively thin and the blood
   vessels run close to the surface. One step backwards, and a bat could
   be squashed if it hadn’t figured out how to run or make impressive
   three-foot leaps into the air.

   8. To meet their energy needs, vampire bats need to drink about an
   ounce of blood at every meal, meaning they consume half their body
   weight during each 20 to 30 minute feeding session. Their bodies have
   adapted to lighten that load, and their stomach lining rapidly absorbs
   much of the blood’s water content and sends it to the kidneys so it can
   be excreted. The bats can process their meal so quickly that they may
   begin disposing of it before they’re even finished with it, and start
   urinating just a few minutes into the feeding.

   9. Vampires are known to [33]share meals with each other. Mother bats
   regurgitate previously-drunk blood for their offspring until the babies
   are old enough to hunt on their own. Other related bats and even
   unrelated ones have also been observed puking blood up for one another
   in a reciprocal arrangement. If a bat can’t find a meal one night, one
   of its roost-mates may share some of its meal. In the future, the bat
   who was fed is highly likely to return the favor. If it cheats, or
   takes a blood donation without ever giving back, it may find that it
   gets the cold shoulder the next time it needs help.

   10. Vampire bats have a few different tools for finding their food.
   They have well-developed senses of smell and, despite bats’ reputation,
   keen eyesight. They’ve also got [34]heat-seeking faces—their wrinkly,
   leaf shaped noses are loaded with nerves that are, in turn, loaded with
   proteins that are sensitive to the infrared radiation given off by
   warm-blooded animals. They also have finely-tuned hearing and
   specialized neurons that react only to the sound of breathing. They can
   even [35]distinguish the breathing sounds made by different
   individuals, and may be able to remember the unique sonic components of
   an individual animal’s breathing, allowing them to return to the same
   reliable source of blood night after night.

   11. Animals that are adventurous eaters learn to avoid potentially
   toxic foods through trial and error. They try something new, get sick,
   and then avoid those flavors in the future. Vampire bats appear to have
   lost their sense of [36]taste aversion, though. In [37]experiments,
   biologists have given vampire bats and their fruit- and insect-eating
   cousins treats seasoned with different, unfamiliar flavors, and then
   induced vomiting. At their next few meals, the bats were given the
   choice between normal food and food flavored with the same seasonings
   from before. While the other bats avoided the flavors they associated
   with getting sick after the first meal, the vampires dug in to both
   flavored and unflavored blood. The researchers think that the vampires
   either lost the ability to make these associations because their diet
   doesn’t present a variety of flavors and it wasn’t needed, or maybe
   that they had to lose it early on in their blood-drinking history to
   make the diet viable.

Vampire Bat – Subfamily Desmodontinae

Description

   The Vampire Bat is a fascinating creature, and one that has been
   involved with legends for centuries. This particular species of bat
   features a short muzzle that is cone shaped. They have a very small
   tail and they also have small ears. They don’t weigh more than about
   two ounces. They have a distinct looking fact that is one very similar
   to the look of vampires in movies. They have a wide mouth that opens up
   and shows their teeth, making them very scary.

Anatomy

   One of the significant differences in the appearance of the Vampire Bat
   is the formation of the teeth. They have very sharp front teeth that
   allow them to puncture their prey for the entry. They also have back
   teeth that are shorter and duller than most bat species. The spread out
   wings of this bat can be very long.

     They may walk around on their prey consuming the blood that is
     coming from the wound.

   The body of the Vampire Bat allows it to walk as well as to run. They
   aren’t just animals that fly around like others. The fact that they
   have strong legs makes it possible for them to take part in such
   efforts. They may walk around on their prey consuming the blood that is
   coming from the wound.

Evolution

   It is believed that the diet of the Vampire Bat is due to evolution. It
   is possible that they were once struggling to be able to find enough of
   their regular food source. Changes to their internal systems made it
   possible to live on a liquid diet. This is a part of their anatomy
   though that still continues to fascinate experts around the world.

Behavior

   While most people would assume the Vampire Bat is one that is very
   harsh or even evil, it is quite the opposite. They are very caring and
   social creatures that are interesting to observe. The young will be
   well cared for by their mothers. Should she fail to return to the roost
   other mothers will care for the orphans so that they don’t die. They
   also share food with each other, and that is something no other species
   of bats have been seen taking part in.

     While most people would assume the Vampire Bat is evil, it is quite
     the opposite.

   They are also known to roost with other species of bats and the single
   males roost separately, defending territories. While they don’t embrace
   them in their colony, they don’t fight for territory in a cave or other
   location. This is very interesting and further indicates that the
   Vampire Bat seems to feel more secure in larger numbers.

   These colonies can easily be in excess of more than 1,000 members. In
   very large caves there can be thousands of them that are taking up
   residence. As long as they feel safe in their habitat and they have
   access to food the number of the colony will continue to grow. It is
   common for the members to remain in the colony where they were born for
   their entire life.

Habitat and Distribution

   You will find the Vampire Bat living in a variety of locations around
   South and Central America. They live in caves most of the time and like
   the areas where they do roost to be very dark. They live in places that
   have warm temperatures and that offer humidity in the climate.
   [20]Vampire bats - hematophagous species

   Vampire Bat Facts / Photo taken by Ltshears

Diet and Feeding Habits

   The eating habits of this bat are said to be the most unique of all
   mammals. Vampire Bats feed off of blood, and this liquid diet is called
   Hematophagy. They are able to use receptors from the nose to help them
   find food. You may be wondering how they can live on blood, and it has
   to do with Draculin in the saliva. This substance ensures the blood
   from their prey doesn’t end up clotting in the body of the Vampire Bat.

     Vampire Bats feed off of blood, and this liquid diet is called
     Hematophagy.

   Legends have led many to believe that this bat sucks blood from its
   prey. This isn’t how it really plays out though. Instead, they use
   their teeth to make a puncture wound. Then they use their tongue to
   lick up any of the blood that comes out of that opening. The Vampire
   Bat looks for creatures that are sleeping that they can bite without
   any problems.

   With larger prey such as cattle the prey usually continues to sleep
   while the Vampire Bat is feeding. They have skin that is so thick the
   bite isn’t substantial enough to wake them up. They usually can consume
   about one ounce of blood per night during their feeding sessions. It
   takes about 20 minutes for them to consume the blood from a single
   host.

   This particular species of bat can’t go more than two days without
   food. When it is struggling to find enough, it will go back to the
   roost. There it will be able to share regurgitated blood from other
   Vampire Bats that were more successful in the hunt.

   They depend on [21]echolocation to assist them with finding their prey.
   This involves sending out sounds that are high pitched. Then they rely
   on the waves from the echo that come back to them. This information can
   help them locate prey in complete darkness.
   [INS: :INS]

Reproduction

   Inside of the large colonies of Vampire Bat roosts, there are many sub
   colonies. They consist of about 12 females and 1 male. That lone male
   is responsible for mating with all of the females in his area. The
   males may look like they are kissing females before mating but that
   isn’t true.

     The young Vampire Bats are born in the spring time after a gestation
     period of about seven months.

   Instead, they are actually offering them blood that they have to share
   as a food source. This is what will encourage the females to mate. The
   young Vampire Bats are born in the spring time after a gestation period
   of about seven months. They will be able to take care of themselves by
   the time they are five months old. In the wild the Vampire Bat can
   typically live to be about 9 years of age. However, in captivity they
   have been able to survive up to 12 years.

Predators

   The Vampire Bat has several predators. This includes eagles and hawks
   that can also be active at night. These bats are very small so those
   birds can consume them even while in flight without it being much of a
   challenge. The hawk is very intelligent, and has often been seen
   waiting patiently outside of cave entrances. They will attack Vampire
   Bats that are either flying into or out of the cave.

     Humans are predators of the Vampire Bat. Many farmers set traps for
     these bats.

   Humans are predators of the Vampire Bat, but at this time there isn’t a
   risk of them becoming extinct. Many farmers set traps for these bats.
   They don’t want their pigs, cows, or horses being bit by them. They
   worry about disease including rabies and viruses that can make their
   animals very ill.

   Humans often hunt these bats out of fear as they don’t want to be
   bitten or have them taking up residence. Caves where the bats use for
   habitat have been cleared out too for people to go exploring them. When
   they don’t feel safe where they roost it can be very difficult for them
   to take part in mating or to go looking for food.
   [INS: :INS]

Categories

     * [22]Home
     * [23]Facts
     * [24]Information
     * [25]Species
     * [26]Humans
     * [27]Multimedia
          + [28]Video
          + [29]Pictures
     * [30]Español  Español

Tag Cloud

   [31]afraid [32]Africa [33]attention [34]australian species [35]bat
   [36]Bat Hanging [37]bat pictures [38]bats [39]bat species [40]blood
   [41]cave [42]cavern [43]creatures [44]eat [45]Echolocation [46]Egyptian
   Fruit Bat [47]Flying Fox [48]flying foxes [49]food [50]frugivorous
   [51]fruit [52]Fruit Bat [53]habitat [54]humans [55]hunt [56]images
   [57]large [58]Least Concern [59]Little Brown Bat [60]little brown
   myotis [61]megabat [62]mouse-eared bats [63]Myotis lucifugus [64]night
   [65]nocturnal [66]Old World fruit bat [67]old world fruit bats
   [68]photograph [69]prey [70]research [71]resting [72]sounds [73]species
   [74]tree [75]upside down

Use Policy of this Website

   This site is protected by CopyScape
   CopyScape Protected Do not Copy
   Please, do not copy content.
   Students and teachers are allowed to use this information for school
   projects and homework.

   Copyright 2013 BioExpedition.com

   [76]The Portal of Life on Earth, Biodiversity, Animal Facts

Latest Tweets

   [77]Tweets by @BioExpedition

BioExpedition Mailing List

   Receive information about animals, environment, nature and our planet.
   Subscribe to our mailing list ____________________
   Subscribe

Vampires

   From Super-wiki
   Jump to: [3]navigation, [4]search

   [5]LenoreVamp.jpg
   Vampire
   Powers and Abilities Superior strength, speed, and senses including
   sight, hearing, and smell. Retractable fangs that allow them to bite
   humans or animals and feed on their blood.
   Vulnerabilities [6]Bloodlust, [7]dead man's blood, [8]the Colt,
   decapitation, the sun, angelic touch, [9]vamptonite.
   Appearance Human with retractable fangs.
   Episode(s) [10]1.20 Dead Man's Blood
   [11]2.03 Bloodlust
   [12]3.07 Fresh Blood
   [13]4.05 Monster Movie (actually a disguised [14]Shapeshifter)
   [15]6.05 Live Free or Twihard
   [16]6.07 Family Matters
   [17]6.10 Caged Heat
   [18]6.16 ...And Then There Were None (mentioned)
   [19]6.19 Mommy Dearest
   [20]6.20 The Man Who Would Be King
   [21]7.08 Season Seven, Time for a Wedding! (mentioned)
   [22]7.22 There Will Be Blood
   [23]8.01 We Need to Talk About Kevin
   [24]8.02 What's Up, Tiger Mommy?
   [25]8.05 Blood Brother
   [26]8.07 A Little Slice of Kevin
   [27]8.09 Citizen Fang
   [28]8.10 Torn and Frayed
   [29]8.18 Freaks and Geeks
   [30]8.19 Taxi Driver
   [31]9.02 Devil May Care
   [32]9.04 Slumber Party (mentioned)
   [33]9.16 Blade Runners
   [34]9.19 Alex Annie Alexis Ann
   [35]9.20 Bloodlines
   [36]10.08 Hibbing 911
   [37]10.19 The Werther Project
   [38]10.23 Brother's Keeper

     Vampires

     Folkloric creatures, thought to be the re-animated corpses of human
     beings and said to live on human or animal blood. They often have
     unnatural powers and the ability to physically transform.

     – [39]Pad of Definitions ([40]1.20 Dead Man's Blood), [41]Official
     Website

   A vampire is created when a person ingests vampire blood, but the
   transformation is not complete until they feed on human
   blood.^[42][1]^[43][2] Once turned, they suffer from [44]bloodlust and
   must feed on blood, human or animal, to survive.^[45][3] Unlike
   folkloric vampires, they do not require an invitation to enter a home
   and are not killed by sunlight. They also prefer to live in packs in
   locations called nests, and will mate for life.^[46][1] After death,
   vampire [47]souls go to [48]Purgatory.^[49][4]

   The [50]Alpha Vampire was the very first vampire and has a psychic
   connection with other vampires.^[51][2] By the year 2006, vampires had
   been hunted so intensively and become so rare that [52]John Winchester
   had thought they were extinct.^[53][1] But in the year 2010, the Alpha
   Vampire uses his psychic connection to encourage vampires to focus on
   increasing their numbers. [54]Dean kills all the vampires he finds in
   one nest, but it is unknown how many other nests may have been created
   or increased their numbers.^[55][2]

   A vampire must feed on blood to survive - preferably human blood
   although they can subsist on animal blood.^[56][3] Some vampires, such
   as those led by [57]Sheriff Len Cuse, also devour organs and flesh, as
   part of a new age philosphy related to not wasting any part of the
   kill. ^[58][5]

   A cure for vampirism exists, but only if the vampire has not yet drunk
   human blood. They need to drink a mixture that includes the blood of
   the vampire that turned them.^[59][2]

Contents

     * [60]1 Characteristics
          + [61]1.1 Powers and Abilities
          + [62]1.2 Weaknesses
     * [63]2 Featured Vampires
     * [64]3 Episodes
          + [65]3.1 1.20 Dead Man's Blood
          + [66]3.2 2.03 Bloodlust
          + [67]3.3 3.07 Fresh Blood
          + [68]3.4 4.05 Monster Movie
          + [69]3.5 5.03 Free to Be You and Me
          + [70]3.6 6.05 Live Free or Twihard
          + [71]3.7 6.07 Family Matters
          + [72]3.8 6.10 Caged Heat
          + [73]3.9 6.16 ...And Then There Were None
          + [74]3.10 6.19 Mommy Dearest
          + [75]3.11 6.20 The Man Who Would Be King
          + [76]3.12 7.08 Season Seven, Time for a Wedding!
          + [77]3.13 7.22 There Will Be Blood
          + [78]3.14 8.01 We Need to Talk About Kevin
          + [79]3.15 8.02 What's Up, Tiger Mommy?
          + [80]3.16 8.05 Blood Brother
          + [81]3.17 8.07 A Little Slice of Kevin
          + [82]3.18 8.09 Citizen Fang
          + [83]3.19 8.10 Torn and Frayed
          + [84]3.20 8.18 Freaks and Geeks
          + [85]3.21 8.19 Taxi Driver
          + [86]3.22 9.02 Devil May Care
          + [87]3.23 9.04 Slumber Party
          + [88]3.24 9.16 Blade Runners
          + [89]3.25 9.19 Alex Annie Alexis Ann
          + [90]3.26 9.20 Bloodlines
          + [91]3.27 10.08 Hibbing 911
          + [92]3.28 10.19 The Werther Project
          + [93]3.29 10.23 Brother's Keeper
     * [94]4 Apocrypha
     * [95]5 Vampires in Lore
     * [96]6 See also
     * [97]7 Vampires in Fandom
     * [98]8 References

Characteristics

     'Vampires nest in groups of eight to ten. Smaller packs are sent to
     hunt for food. Victims are taken to the nest where the pack keeps them
     alive, bleeding them for days or weeks.'

     – [99]Dean Winchester ([100]1.20 Dead Man's Blood), [101]John's Journal

   [102]Gordon Walker's POV after being turned into a vampire.

Powers and Abilities

     * Have extremely enhanced senses that include being able to smell
       humans and vampires over long distances, and the ability to see in
       pitch darkness.^[103][1]
     * Can exhibit an eyeshine like effect (only shown in [104]1.20 Dead
       Man's Blood).^[105][1]
     * Have sharp, pointed, retractable teeth that emerge from their gums
       and extend beyond their human teeth.^[106][1]
     * Are immortal and unchanging.^[107][1]^[108][2]
     * Can infect others by feeding them their blood so that they turn
       into vampires themselves.^[109][1]^[110][2]
     * If they have enough human blood, they can heal quickly from any
       wound besides amputation.^[111][6]

Weaknesses

     * Sunlight - It's not deadly, but can cause a nasty sunburn. Vampires
       prefer to sleep during the day.^[112][1]
     * [113]Dead man's blood - Large quantities can paralyze a vampire and
       cause wounds that are slow to heal.^[114][1]^[115][3]
     * Decapitation - Cutting off the head of a vampire will kill
       it.^[116][1]
     * Angelic powers - Angels can burn vampires from the inside out with
       a touch, killing them.^[117][7]
     * [118]The Colt - A special bullet fired from the Colt can kill a
       vampire.^[119][1]
     * Burning saffron, skunk's cabbage and trillium blocks a vampires
       scent. John Winchester gives these to Dean to put on the fire. He
       also tells Dean to dust their clothes with the ashes to stand a
       chance of not being detected.^[120][1]
     * [121]Vamptonite - The blood of humans which has been poisoned by
       the Leviathan food additive is fatal to any vampire who ingests it.
       Called vamptonite by Dean, this is also effective if the blood is
       injected directly from a syringe.

Featured Vampires

     * [122]Luther, [123]Kate, [124]Beau and [125]Jenny in [126]1.20 Dead
       Man's Blood
     * [127]Lenore in [128]2.03 Bloodlust and [129]6.19 Mommy Dearest
     * [130]Eli in [131]2.03 Bloodlust
     * [132]Dixon and [133]Gordon in [134]3.07 Fresh Blood
     * [135]Boris, [136]Robert, [137]Kristen and [138]Dean in [139]6.05
       Live Free or Twihard
     * [140]Alpha Vampire in [141]6.07 Family Matters and [142]7.22 There
       Will Be Blood
     * [143]Benny Lafitte in [144]8.01 We Need to Talk About Kevin,
       [145]8.02 What's Up, Tiger Mommy?, [146]8.05 Blood Brother,
       [147]8.07 A Little Slice of Kevin, [148]8.09 Citizen Fang,
       [149]8.10 Torn and Frayed, [150]8.19 Taxi Driver and [151]10.19 The
       Werther Project
     * [152]Andrea Kormos, [153]Quentin, [154]Sorento and [155]Benny's
       Maker in [156]8.05 Blood Brother
     * [157]Desmond in [158]8.09 Citizen Fang
     * [159]Jimmy Day and [160]Seth in [161]8.18 Freaks and Geeks
     * [162]Annie Jones, [163]Cody, [164]Connor, [165]Celia and [166]Dale
       in [167]9.19 Alex Annie Alexis Ann
     * [168]Starr and [169]Sheriff Len Cuse in [170]10.08 Hibbing 911
     * Reggie in [171]10.23 Brother's Keeper

Episodes

   [172]Luther and his nest.

[173]1.20 Dead Man's Blood

   [174]Daniel Elkins attracts the attention of a group of vampires, led
   by [175]Kate, who follow him home and kill him after a struggle. They
   take [176]the Colt from him and Kate presents it to her mate and
   patriarch, [177]Luther. The vampires live in an old barn where they
   capture tourists and feed on them, turning one such victim into one of
   their own. Their nest is invaded by the Winchesters and Kate is lured
   after them, only to be captured and infected with dead man's blood
   while another vampire is killed. [178]John Winchester uses her as a
   bargaining chip to force Luther to hand over the Colt, after which the
   vampires tried to kill John. At the same time, [179]Sam and [180]Dean
   rescue the vampires captives, killing the vampire guarding them and
   then go to help their father. Sam and Dean take down two vampires with
   dead man's blood soaked arrows and presumably later kill them and John
   kills Luther with the Colt. Only Kate and the turned victim escape
   alive.

[181]2.03 Bloodlust

   [182]Sam Winchester is captured by a group of vampires who have sworn
   off human prey and have chosen to feed on cattle instead, but they are
   still living in fear of being hunted. Their matriarch, [183]Lenore,
   wishes for Sam to go back to his brother and the hunter [184]Gordon
   Walker and ward them off hunting her kin. Gordon refuses to do so,
   however, and discovers the nest and tortures Lenore with [185]dead
   man's blood to prove to the Winchesters that all vampires are monsters.
   Lenore resists her bloodlust despite his methods of temptation. The
   Winchesters turn against Gordon and free Lenore, having seen her
   resilience.

[186]3.07 Fresh Blood

   A vampire called [187]Dixon has been infecting young blonde women with
   vampirism in the hopes of rebuilding his lost family and repopulating
   the vampiric species. He converts them by feeding them his blood under
   the pretense that it is a recreational drug, administered either with
   an eyedropper or in a drink. One of the girls he has recently turned is
   caught and interrogated by [188]Sam and [189]Dean, which puts them on
   his trail, but the timely arrival of a vengeful [190]Gordon Walker
   prevents them from pursuing Dixon.

   In a cruel twist of fate, Dixon captures Gordon and turns him into a
   vampire as punishment for the vampires he's killed in the past. Gordon
   is not a passive victim, however, and he uses his new strength to
   murder Dixon's girls and escape. This drives Dixon to despair and
   apathy, and when the Winchesters find his lair, he admits to everything
   he has done - it is implied that they kill him. Gordon, after escaping
   Dixon's lair, soon falls victim to bloodlust and feeds on human blood.
   He then continues his hunt for Sam by setting a trap, capturing and
   infecting another woman to work as a distraction and then isolating Sam
   so that he can attack him. Gordon underestimates Sam, however, and is
   subsequently decapitated with barbed wire in the fight while Dean kills
   Gordon's victim with [191]the Colt.

[192]4.05 Monster Movie

   In this episode, the Winchester brothers begin their supernatural
   investigation by looking into a vampire attack. However, the "vampire"
   turns out to be a [193]shapeshifter who disguises himself as classic
   horror movie monsters, including Dracula.

[194]5.03 Free to Be You and Me

   [195]Dean decapitates a vampire on the hood of the [196]Impala,
   quoting: [197]"Eat it Twilight!"
   The cure for vampirism.

[198]6.05 Live Free or Twihard

   In Limestone, Illinois, [199]Sam and [200]Dean investigate the
   disappearances of several young women. They discover that the most
   recent victim was obsessed with [201]Twilight-style vampires, and that
   she was communicating with someone who claimed to be a vampire online.
   At the same time, a blood bank van is robbed. Sam and Dean go to a club
   called the Black Rose, the girl's last destination, and discover
   vampires trying to "recruit" new members. [202]Sam kills one vampire,
   but Dean is turned by a vamp named [203]Boris. Sam intervenes,
   belatedly, and chases the vampire away. The Winchesters return to their
   hotel room, and Sam calls [204]Samuel. [205]Dean, who is prepared to be
   killed by Samuel, sneaks away to bid [206]Lisa goodbye. He is nearly
   overwhelmed by his hunger, but resists and returns to Sam and Samuel.
   Samuel surprises Dean by revealing a cure in one of his ancestor's
   hunting journals. In order to work, Dean must consume no human blood,
   and must acquire the blood of the vampire that turned him, so Dean goes
   to the nest of the vampires with a syringe of [207]dead man's blood.
   [208]Dean being given the cure to vampirism.

   At the nest, a "recruiter" named [209]Robert offers [210]Dean blood,
   which he declines, and reveals that they are not longer allowed to kill
   people. Dean meets [211]Boris, and tries to stab him with the dead
   man's blood, but Boris is too quick. Before Boris can kill Dean, all
   the vampires collapse, Dean included. He has a shared vision of the
   [212]Alpha Vampire, and perceives that the [213]Alpha wishes to build
   an army. When he awakes, Dean must fight the vampires in the nest. He
   eventually kills all the members - except one beheaded by Sam and
   Samuel - and gets Boris's blood. Samuel prepares the cure and Dean
   drinks it. He vomits blood and passes out, but re-awakes as a human.

   The episode poked much fun at vampires in popular culture. See the
   [214]episode entry for details.

[215]6.07 Family Matters

   [216]Samuel and his people capture the [217]Alpha Vampire. They subdue
   him using an IV of [218]dead man's blood and attempt to interrogate
   him, but he is extremely resistant to pain and doesn't give Samuel any
   information. After Samuel leaves the room where he is being held, he is
   approached by [219]Dean and [220]Sam and he reveals to them that,
   though he is the first vampire, he has a mother. He also tells them
   that Samuel is torturing him for information about [221]Purgatory and
   its location. Shortly after their conversation, he escapes his cage and
   almost escapes, but [222]demons appear and take him away on
   [223]Crowley's orders. It is revealed that Samuel has been working for
   Crowley, who takes [224]Alpha Vampire to continue interrogating it
   about [225]Purgatory.

[226]6.10 Caged Heat

   While making their way through [227]Crowley's prison, [228]Sam and
   [229]Dean come across a vampire in one of the cells. It is presumably
   killed by [230]Castiel when he kills all of the monsters in the prison.

[231]6.16 ...And Then There Were None

   [232]Bobby mentions a nest of vampires acting up as a result of
   [233]Eve passing through their area.
   [234]Castiel kills [235]Lenore.

[236]6.19 Mommy Dearest

   [237]Castiel brings [238]Lenore to [239]Bobby's place so that they can
   ask her for [240]Eve's location. She is hesitant, but eventually tells
   them where to find Eve: in Grants Pass, Oregon. She then asks to be
   killed. With Eve on earth, her nest has abandoned her and returned to
   feeding on humans, and even she has given in to her bloodlust on one
   occasion. [241]Sam and [242]Dean try to persuade her that after
   [243]Eve is destroyed things will improve, but Lenore is doubtful.
   [244]Castiel places a hand on her head and kills her.

   In Grants Pass, Oregon, they find Eve experimenting with creating
   hybrid monsters. On examination of some of the hybrids in a bar, Dean
   finds they have strange hybrid attributes - one creature has vampiric
   teeth in addition to the spike of a [245]Wraith protruding from its
   wrist. Dean dubs these hybrids [246]Jefferson Starships.

[247]6.20 The Man Who Would Be King

   [248]Crowley has captured a vampire and has discovered that when he
   burns [249]Eve's brain or sticks a spike into it, the vampire feels
   pain.

   While interrogating [250]Redd, [251]Bobby Singer reveals that Redd had
   captured a nest of eight vampires in Swan Valley for Crowley as part of
   his duties of hunting monsters to help Crowley find [252]Purgatory.

[253]7.08 Season Seven, Time for a Wedding!

   [254]Bobby Singer is mentioned to be hunting a major vampire nest in
   Oregon so he is unable to help [255]Dean. He is forced to send
   [256]Garth instead.

[257]7.22 There Will Be Blood

   [258]Sam and [259]Dean learn from [260]Crowley that the [261]Alpha
   Vampire escaped before [262]Castiel killed all of the monsters in
   Crowley's prison and as they need the blood of an [263]Alpha for a
   [264]leviathan killing weapon, gives them the location of the Alpha's
   hideout. There, Sam, Dean and [265]Bobby discover that the vampires
   have been killed by feeding on humans poisoned by the leviathan
   food-additive and find [266]Emily, a girl kidnapped by the vampires
   years ago who is secretly loyal to the Alpha. Emily leads them to the
   Alpha, but betrays them to him. At the same time, [267]Edgar the
   Leviathan comes for the Alpha as well having learned his location from
   a vampire he captured, turned into to get his memories, then killed.
   Sam and Dean try to convince the Alpha to give them his blood, but he
   has made a deal with [268]Dick Roman and doesn't believe them when they
   tell him Dick has betrayed them. The Alpha has Sam and Dean locked up
   and meets with Edgar who confirms that the Leviathans betrayed the
   vampires and that the food-additive is intended to kill all monsters
   that feed on humans including vampires in order to get rid of
   competition. At the same time, Sam and Dean break free and kill a
   vampire with [269]poisoned blood and get kitchen knives to deal with
   Edgar and the other vampires. The Alpha battles Edgar to no avail, but
   Sam and Dean intervene, decapitating [270]Edgar. Grateful for them
   saving him and understanding that the vampires and the Winchesters have
   a common enemy, the [271]Alpha gives [272]Sam and [273]Dean his blood
   without a fight and lets them leave with Allan, a young boy he has
   kidnapped but promises to "see you next season" which they look forward
   to.

[274]8.01 We Need to Talk About Kevin

   Flashback: In [275]Purgatory, [276]Dean interrogates a vampire about
   the location of [277]Castiel and decapitates him when he doesn't get an
   answer. He is attacked by another vampire, but is saved by the vampire
   [278]Benny who offers him a deal: Benny will show him a way out of
   Purgatory that only humans can use if Dean lets Benny's soul hitch a
   ride out with him. Dean agrees as long as they find Castiel first.
   [279]Dean interrogating a vampire in [280]Purgatory.

   Later, [281]Dean succeeds in escaping [282]Purgatory with [283]Benny's
   [284]soul and performs a ritual that resurrects Benny at his gravesite.
   The two go their separate ways, but Benny later contacts Dean and they
   agree to not keep in touch for awhile, but that Benny can call Dean if
   he needs help.

[285]8.02 What's Up, Tiger Mommy?

   Flashback: [286]Dean and [287]Benny interrogate a monster for the
   location of [288]Castiel and finally learn his location from the
   monster before Dean kills it with [289]Ruby's knife. Dean and Benny
   locate [290]Castiel and tell him of their plan to escape, though Benny
   warns that he doesn't know if the way out will work with an [291]angel.
   Benny gets confrontational about the fact that Castiel abandoned Dean
   and Castiel reveals to both that he did it to protect Dean as powerful
   monsters, including the [292]leviathans are after him. [293]Castiel
   reluctantly joins [294]Dean and [295]Benny in looking for a way out of
   [296]Purgatory.

[297]8.05 Blood Brother

   Flashback: [298]Dean, [299]Benny and [300]Castiel defend themselves
   from three monsters that attack them and then argue about the fact that
   Castiel's presence is drawing attention to Dean and Benny. Benny and
   Castiel want Dean to leave Castiel behind, but Dean is determined to
   get all three of them out as per their deal or die trying. When Dean
   points out that Benny is a vampire, Benny insists that he only feeds on
   blood transfusions and that "I feed on blood, not people." However,
   before they can argue anymore, [301]Castiel senses [302]leviathans
   approaching and three are forced to run. The three end up fighting two
   Leviathans and Dean decapitates one and Benny decapitates the other,
   saving Castiel much to Dean's shock.

   [303]Benny, knowing that if [304]his maker gets wind of the fact that
   he is alive will come after him, goes after his maker to kill him
   first. He tries to get a vampire from his former nest named
   [305]Quentin to tell him where his maker is, but Quentin ambushes him
   with two other vampires. Benny wins the fight and kills all three
   vampires, but is badly injured and calls [306]Dean for help. Dean
   brings Benny blood from Benny's truck to help him recover and Benny
   explains what he's doing so Dean decides to join him. Benny explains
   that his former nest are vampire pirates, or as Dean calls them,
   [307]vampirates, who find private yachts going on long journey's,
   ambush them, feed on the owners and sink the boats to hide their
   crimes. Dean and Benny figure out from things Quentin had on him that
   the nest is on Prentis Island and head there with Benny explaining his
   own personal history of falling in love with one of the people he
   ambushed, abandoning his nest who's leader believes he's a god and
   being killed ultimately for his betrayal. He also wants revenge for the
   death of his lover [308]Andrea Kormos which was the last thing he saw
   before he was killed.

   On Prentis Island, Benny is shocked to find Andrea alive and a vampire
   and is ambushed and captured while [309]Dean escapes. Dean makes his
   way through the nest, single-handedly killing all of the vampires he
   finds, which is at least four of them. Andrea and another vampire named
   [310]Sorento hold Benny captive and Andrea is revealed to be so high up
   in the nest that she only reports to the leader, Benny's maker. Andrea
   orders Sorento away then reveals she still loves Benny. Telling Benny
   that his resurrection is proof that his maker is not a god and that he
   can kill the maker where Andrea and the other vampires can't, she gives
   him the keys to his handcuffs and a knife with which to kill the maker.
   Benny is brought before his maker who reveals that he turned Andrea as
   a form of revenge against [311]Benny. Benny reveals Andrea's treachery
   by showing his now-free hands and easily overpowers and kills Sorento
   with his own knife when he attacks him. Benny's maker refuses to defend
   himself, hating the world and wanting to die on his own terms, but
   Benny promises to show him another world ([312]Purgatory) and kills him
   with Andrea's knife. Heading down to meet Andrea, Benny is shocked to
   learn that instead of wanting to burn the operation to the ground and
   start a new life with him like he wants, Andrea wants to continue the
   piracy and hunting humans and starts to attack Benny when he refuses.
   However, Dean decapitates her from behind before she can attack.

   Benny is left completely distraught by the experience and wonders why
   [313]Dean kept his word and resurrected him rather than betraying him.
   On the mainland, Sam and Benny meet and an awkward moment ensues where
   [314]Sam wants to attack but Dean dissuades him. Recognizing that Sam
   and Dean need to sort things out, [315]Benny leaves them alone.

[316]8.07 A Little Slice of Kevin

   Flashback: In [317]Purgatory, [318]Benny leads [319]Dean and
   [320]Castiel to the location of the portal, telling them that someone
   told him where it was. Dean argues with him over the idea that whoever
   told him could've been lying to him, but Benny insists that he lies, he
   doesn't get lied to. Finally, Benny is proven right when the nearby
   portal opens in response to Dean's presence. Telling Dean he's putting
   a lot of trust in him, Benny prepares to transfer his soul into Dean.
   Dean tells him he has earned that trust and casts a spell that
   transfers Benny's soul into his arm. When Dean makes it out of
   [321]Purgatory through the portal, Benny's [322]soul goes with him.

[323]8.09 Citizen Fang

   A rouge vampire named [324]Desmond decides to create his own nest and
   tries to entice [325]Benny, who has moved back into his hometown in
   Louisiana and is looking after his great-granddaughter [326]Elizabeth
   secretly, into helping him. However, Benny refuses so Desmond warns him
   that he will kill someone every night until Benny agrees. Desmond's
   first victim draws the attention of mentally-unstable hunter
   [327]Martin Creaser who is following Benny and believes him to be the
   killer. He calls in Sam and Dean, but Dean believes Benny's story even
   after finding him after he buries Desmond's second victim. Despite
   Dean's belief, Martin and Sam go after Benny until Dean tricks Sam into
   leaving. Dean and Benny go after Desmond after Benny pretends to agree
   to join him to learn where he is and in the confrontation that follows,
   Benny kills Desmond. However, seeing [328]Dean bleeding from an attack
   stirs [329]Benny's bloodlust.

   Afterwards, realizing that the situation means he can no longer stay
   there, [330]Benny leaves, but Martin, obsessed with killing Benny,
   kidnaps Elizabeth to force him to return. In the confrontation that
   follows, Benny pretends to allow Martin to kill him, but turns the
   tables on him and in the fight that follows, rips out his throat,
   killing him, before fleeing.

[331]8.10 Torn and Frayed

   [332]Benny calls [333]Dean for help after his loneliness starts to get
   to him without Dean or [334]Andrea there to keep him going in the right
   direction. Though Dean, who believes Benny's story after learning what
   happened from Elizabeth, promises to meet Benny for coffee once the
   case he is on is over, he later calls Benny to say a final farewell,
   having decided to cut all ties to the vampire. Benny is left in a
   deteriorating situation: no friends and he's running out of blood with
   only one bag left.

[335]8.18 Freaks and Geeks

   In Conway Springs, Kansas, as [336]Krissy Chambers and [337]Aiden sit
   in a car at a make-out spot, a vampire attacks them, expecting easy
   prey. However, they are actually young hunters who laid a trap for it
   as it has supposedly killed Aiden's family. While the vampire is
   distracted with the "scared" Krissy, Aiden decapitates it from behind
   and confirms that it is the one that killed his family.

   Hunting the vampire that killed [338]Josephine Barnes' family,
   [339]Jimmy Day, Krissy, Aiden and Josephine come into contact with the
   Winchesters who are in town tracking vampire kills and found out about
   them. Aiden and Josephine find a young woman tied up in Jimmy's motel
   room, but he runs when confronted by them. Krissy takes Jimmy down with
   a dart filled with [340]Dead Man's Blood, but he claims not to know
   what is going on and that he is innocent of the deaths of Josephine's
   family. Not believing him, Josephine cuts his head off.
   The vampire [341]Seth is hit in the eye with a [342]dead man's blood
   dart by [343]Krissy Chambers.

   The next day, [344]Victor Rogers pulls the three from school and shows
   them a surveillance photo of a female vampire he claims killed Krissy's
   [345]father. He proves it to them as the vampire has on a necklace
   owned by Lee, but Sam isn't so sure that its real as it has no date
   stamp. At the same time, Dean learns from Jimmy's victim that she was
   actually kidnapped by a man in a hoodie and a blue van and that Jimmy
   only returned from Afghanistan a few weeks before, making him a new
   vampire. Josephine's family was also killed a few months before, making
   Jimmy innocent of their murders like he claimed.

   Following a clue, Dean travels to the closed Conway Springs Lodge where
   he finds the woman who is completely confused as to what is going on.
   She is a vampire, but has been newly turned and hasn't fed yet. As a
   result, when the kids show up to kill her, Dean convinces them that
   something else is going on and to not kill her as if they can get the
   blood of the vampire that turned her, they can cure her.

   At the same time, Sam goes after the man in the hoodie with Victor only
   to learn that he is a vampire named [346]Seth working with Victor.
   Victor knocks Sam out and ties him up, planning to have Seth kill him.
   They have made a deal: Victor lets him roam free and in return, he
   works for Victor, killing people so he can create the next generation
   of hunters. Sam, Dean and the kids arrive and the Winchesters reveal
   the truth to them. Seth confirms he is the true killer of their
   families, something he says he enjoyed and Victor tries to convince
   them not to let it change anything. When that fails, Seth takes Aiden
   hostage so he and Victor can escape. When Josephine distracts Victor,
   Krissy shoots Seth in the right eye and chest with darts filled with
   dead man's blood, taking him down.

   After everything is over, Seth is presumably killed and using his
   blood, the group is able to make the cure and administer it to his
   innocent victim, returning her to being human.
   The vampire [347]Benny Lafitte.

[348]8.19 Taxi Driver

   In [349]Purgatory, a vampire attacks [350]Sam, but after he stabs it in
   the stomach with [351]Ruby's knife, Sam decapitates him with the
   vampire's own blade.

   After learning from [352]Naomi that Sam got to [353]Hell through
   Purgatory and that [354]Ajay is dead, Dean goes to [355]Benny for help.
   Benny agrees to let Dean kill him and then lead Sam and [356]Bobby
   Singer to the portal out as he doesn't feel like he belongs on Earth.
   After agreeing to see Benny when Sam returns, Dean decapitates him.

   Three more vampires attack Sam and Bobby. Sam kills two, but the last
   one nearly overpowers Bobby before Benny rips out his throat.
   Recognizing Benny, Sam lets him lead them to the portal out where three
   more vampires, enraged at Benny working with a Winchester again, arrive
   to attack. Having never intended to return to Earth, Benny stays behind
   to hold the vampires off and is last seen being torn apart by them as
   Sam escapes.

[357]9.02 Devil May Care

   A vampire stops at the side of the road where a girl, [358]Tracy Bell,
   is having car trouble. The vampire offers the girl a ride and when she
   agrees and starts to get in his van, extends his fangs in preparation
   to feed on her. However, Tracy is a hunter and kills the vampire,
   leaving his headless body and abandoned van by the side of the road.

[359]9.04 Slumber Party

   [360]Charlie Bradbury reveals that she has become a hunter and that one
   of the beings she hunted was a teenage vampire.

[361]9.16 Blade Runners

   When Sam and Dean enter his lair, [362]Magnus unleashes two vampires
   from his "collection" to test them. They each kill one.

[363]9.19 Alex Annie Alexis Ann

   [364]Annie Jones, who is called Alex by a "family" of vampires nesting
   in O'Neill, Nebraska, runs away to Sioux Falls, South Dakota out of
   guilt of all the times she has lured people in for her vampire "family"
   to feed on. In Sioux Falls, Annie is arrested but is found by her
   "brother" [365]Cody who intends to take her back to the "family."
   However, before he can, [366]Sheriff Jody Mills arrives and decapitates
   him with a fire axe. Jody then calls in [367]Sam and [368]Dean to help
   and they start hunting the nest to protect Annie who they discover was
   kidnapped eight years before by the vampires. Annie refuses to help
   them, but Sam and Dean figure out what town the nest is in from the bus
   ticket Annie had on her that she used to flee the vampires. Jody takes
   Annie to her family cabin for protection, while Sam and Dean go after
   the nest.

   In O'Neill, the vampires, "brothers" [369]Connor, [370]Dale, an unnamed
   "brother" and "mama" [371]Celia track down the people who helped Annie
   escape, kill them and head to Sioux Falls to find her, leaving Dale
   behind to dispose of the bodies in a woodchipper. Sam and Dean find the
   nest in an abandoned house and capture Dale who Dean tortures for
   information. Finally, Dale tells them the truth about how Annie was
   used as a lure by the vampires and is not as innocent as she appears
   and how the others are after her right now. Sam and Dean call to warn
   Jody, but the vampires arrive as they do, having learned of the cabin
   from [372]Deputy Frank, kidnap Annie and knock Jody out. Dean kills
   Dale and he and Sam head out to stop the other vampires and save Jody.

   Needing to stop the vampires, Sam, Dean and Jody raid the nest. At the
   same time, Celia forgives Annie for her actions despite them causing
   the deaths of Cody and Dale and convinces her to turn into a vampire
   herself. Raiding the nest, Sam and Dean are captured when Connor
   threatens Sam with a shotgun to force Dean into surrendering and his
   "brother" knocks Dean out. Sam is tied up and the vampires start to
   drain him of blood into jars while Jody finds the newly-turned Annie
   and is captured by Celia. As the "brother" goes to drain Dean, he wakes
   up and incapacitates the vampire with [373]dead man's blood. Dean and
   Connor get into a fight over Dean's machete, but using strength that
   presumably came from the [374]Mark of Cain, Dean easily overpowers and
   decapitates Connor, showing great enjoyment in doing so to Sam's worry.
   Realizing Jody is in trouble, Sam and Dean rush off to help her. In the
   basement, Celia tries to get Annie to drink Jody dry and finish her
   transformation into a vampire, but Annie tries to convince Celia to
   spare Jody as Jody was so nice to her. Jody realizes that Celia lost
   her own daughter named Alex a long time ago and kidnapped Annie and
   renamed her to replace her dead daughter, something Jody was trying to
   do with Annie and her own dead family. Celia admits this and goes to
   drain Jody, but Annie intervenes, injecting Celia with dead man's blood
   to save Jody. Telling Annie not to watch, Jody decapitates Celia as Sam
   and Dean arrive to help.

   Afterwards, the incapacitated vampire is killed and as Annie never fed,
   Sam and Dean are able to use Celia's blood to create the cure and save
   her though the cure will make her sick for a few days.

[375]9.20 Bloodlines

   While trying to learn about the circumstance that lead to the death of
   his fiancé, [376]Ennis Roth sneaks into the monster club in the back of
   the restaurant he was dining the night prior. He quickly comes face to
   face with an employee of the restaurant, who reveals himself to be a
   vampire. Ennis fires his weaopon into the vamp, which has no effect,
   just as it is about to feed on Ennis, [377]Sam and [378]Dean arrive cut
   off its head.

[379]10.08 Hibbing 911

   A group of vampires who consume all of their prey, not just the blood,
   go to Hibbing, Minnesota in order to find [380]Sheriff Len Cuse, their
   former leader with the hope of getting him to rejoin them. Len had left
   the nest as he got tired of the cries of their prey and started feeding
   off of blood bags and protecting humans as a sheriff. They kill and
   consume two people, stealing one's belt and the other's wallet. Despite
   not being part of the nest anymore, Len does his best to protect them,
   but the kills draw the attention of [381]Sheriff Jody Mills who is at
   his sheriff's retreat. She calls the Winchesters to let them know and
   investigates the kills. After Len is seen over a victim by [382]Sheriff
   Donna Hanscum, the Winchesters and the sheriffs track the vampires to
   an old farmhouse where they are captured. [383]Starr explains the
   nest's way of operating and tries to get Len to rejoin them by killing
   the Winchesters and the two sheriffs. However, Len refuses so Star
   kills him. Dean breaks free and kills Catfish and the other vampire
   while Star goes after Jody for knocking her down. However, Donna kills
   her to save Jody.

[384]10.19 The Werther Project

   In order to take the edge off of the [385]Mark of Cain, Dean takes a
   case in Tulsa, Oklahoma with six vampires while Sam enlists
   [386]Rowena's help in decoding the [387]Book of the Damned. By the time
   Sam rushes to Dean, he has slaughtered all six vampires
   single-handedly, a personal best, leaving Sam worried that he'd take a
   case that dangerous alone.

   While under the influence of the [388]Werther Box, Dean hallucinates
   that he is [389]Purgatory with [390]Benny Lafitte who encourages him to
   kill himself. After Dean kills "Benny", the Box's influence over him
   ends.

[391]10.23 Brother's Keeper

   After getting a call from [392]Rudy, Dean investigates a vampire case
   with him. Due to the influence of the [393]Mark of Cain, Dean is rude
   about the victim they found and orders Rudy away. With the help of the
   brother of one of the victims, Dean tracks the vampires to a cabin
   where they have captured Rudy. Dean kills one outside and faces off
   against Reggie, refusing to surrender even though he is holding Rudy
   hostage. When Dean startles him, Reggie accidentally stabs Rudy,
   killing him. Dean then decapitates Reggie and rescues the girl.
   However, his actions in getting Rudy killed cause him to summon
   [394]Death in hopes of getting Death to kill him before he falls
   further under the Mark's influence.

Apocrypha

   In [395]Supernatural: Fresh Meat, a group of vampires assist an aswang
   in distracting the Winchesters, with the group going after Sam and
   Bobby when they attempt to find a weapon to kill the aswang. The aswang
   is also able to manipulate the Winchesters by infiltrating a hunting
   bar posing as another hunter, turning their new ally Jimmy when he is
   tricked into a meeting with a vampire cult. Although Jimmy is able to
   resist the urge to drink blood and attempts to help Dean fight the
   aswang, his head is torn off by the aswang before Dean can kill it.

Vampires in Lore

   According to most lore, vampires subsist by feeding on the life essence
   (generally in the form of blood) of living creatures, regardless of
   whether they are undead or a living person. Although vampiric entities
   have been recorded in many cultures, the term "vampire" was not
   popularized until the early 18th century, after an influx of vampire
   superstition into Western Europe from areas where vampire legends were
   frequent, such as the Balkans and Eastern Europe. This increased level
   of vampire superstition in Europe led to mass hysteria and in some
   cases resulted in corpses actually being staked and people being
   accused of vampirism. Local variants of vampires were also known by
   different names, such as vrykolakas in Greece and strigoi in
   Romania.^[396][8]

See also

     * [397]Alpha Vampire
     * [398]Bloodlust
     * [399]Dead Man's Blood
     * [400]Vampirates
     * [401]Vamptonite

Vampires in Fandom

     * [402]A list of SPN and SPN RPF vampire stories


Vampire Quiz | Are You a Vampire?

   Progress
          88%

"Fangs...bite marks...am I a Vampire?" Are you a vampire? Vampire quizzes
like this test are the only way to find out for sure if you're a real
vampire. This vampire test will help you find out if you're a full-blood
vampire, human-born vampire, or a human-vampire hybrid. What kind of vampire
are you? Test if you're a vampire with the Vampire Quiz.

    1.

What is your favorite time of day?
       Please answer this question.
          + (*) Anytime the sun isn't above the horizon
          + ( ) Twilight, after the sun goes down.
          + ( ) I am a night owl, and I like to party all night long.
          + ( ) I'm a morning person. I love the sound of roosters crowing
            as the sun comes up over the horizon.
    2.

What's on the walls of your bedroom?
       Please answer this question.
          + (*) Red velvet
          + ( ) Black paint
          + ( ) Pictures of vampires
          + ( ) Marilyn Manson
          + ( ) Zac Efron
    3.

If you could only buy one piece of clothing this weekend, what would it be?
       Please answer this question.
          + (*) Honestly, I have too many clothes.
          + ( ) Leather pants, I have a few pairs but can always use more.
          + ( ) Hmm, something black, or at least navy blue.
          + ( ) New socks.
          + ( ) Plastic vampire fangs for Halloween.
          + ( ) Hot Topic here I come.
    4.

When you see a bat you think...
       Please answer this question.
          + (*) Hello, brother
          + ( ) Ah, bird of night
          + ( ) It might be a vampire.
          + ( ) Nature is a wonder, they 'see' with sonar.
    5.

Dracula was a man, but there just as many female vampires. What kind of
vampire would you be?
       Please answer this question.
          + (*) Prince of darkness
          + ( ) Princess of darkness
    6.

A vampire's coolest power is...
       Please answer this question.
          + (*) I don't discuss this
          + ( ) Definitely speed of movement
          + ( ) Flight seems cool
          + ( ) I don't even know
    7.

Of the following movies which would you choose to watch?
       Please answer this question.
          + (*) Bram Stoker's Dracula, I like looking back
          + ( ) Interview with a Vampire
          + ( ) Once Bitten
          + ( ) Blades of Glory
    8.

Your email address is...
       Please answer this question.
          + (*) Vampires have no use for email
          + ( ) vampire1876432@gmail.com
          + ( ) vampire1876432@yahoo.com
          + ( ) vampire1876432@hotmail.com
    9.

On Halloween you dress as...
       Please answer this question.
          + (*) Myself
          + ( ) I amp-up the eyeliner to look scary
          + ( ) Vampire with cape and fangs
          + ( ) Princess
          + ( ) Teletubby
   10.

While relaxing, you...
       Please answer this question.
          + (*) Lounge around
          + ( ) Try to look cool
          + ( ) Read Anne Rice books
          + ( ) I love knitting
   11.

You go over to someone's house. How do you get inside?
       Please answer this question.
          + (*) I fly in the window.
          + ( ) I saunter in, cloaked in darkness.
          + ( ) I knock on the door.
          + ( ) Through a door.
   12.

Your dentist...
       Please answer this question.
          + (*) I don't have one
          + ( ) Is making me custom fangs
          + ( ) Is helping me whiten my teeth so they look good with black
            lipstick
          + ( ) Is a sweetheart
   13.

That's holy water you just drank, how do you feel?
       Please answer this question.
          + (*) Like I am going to have some harsh words for you.
          + ( ) What! I can't drink that.
          + ( ) Where would you get that?
          + ( ) Not thirsty.
   14.

Vampires can be tens of thousands of years old, but anyone who was human-born
was born more recently. If you were born human, on what date were you born?
       Please answer this question.
          + [MM  ] [DD  ] [YYYY  ] Birth Date

   Continue

Your Result

Full Blood Vampire

   You were born a vampire meaning no bite marks for you. Some say you are
   the direct descendent of a demon from hell, while others say you are
   descended from Vlad Tempish, also known as Dracula. Your skills are
   more powerful than a regular vampire's, the difference being impossible
   for humans to comprehend. It is said you can even call shadows to help
   you. You also have age control, meaning you may be 10,000 years old but
   can look 10 or 100 depending on what you like.
   Full Blood Vampire

Vampire

   You have been bitten and drank another's blood. You have faster
   reflexes than hybrids and humans but you are not the top of the food
   chain. You have a sanguine addiction (an addiction to blood) that is
   constant and will get you into trouble if you're not careful. Bullets
   and other such weapons have little effect on you but there are a few
   specialized weapons that can put you in your grave quickly. You are a
   vampire, so of course you have fangs suited for the job.
   Vampire

Not a Vampire

   You are just a plain old human being, but you may be a vampire groupie
   or guardian or whatever you prefer to be called. You lack fangs and the
   powers of a vampire, but at least you can still kill them if you train
   and learn their weaknesses. The vampire life is just not for you.
   Not a Vampire

Hybrid Human/Vampire

   Either you were born of a human and a vampire, or you have been bitten
   and not feasted on a fresh kill. You have some of the vampire powers,
   like quicker reflexes, etc. You have fangs but they are smaller than
   average. You can still be killed by bullets but you are more likely to
   survive them than humans. You may suffer a few effects of vampire
   weaknesses but nothing that will kill you in limited doses.
   Hybrid Human/Vampire

Post this Badge!


   ____________________________________________________________
   ____________________________________________________________
   ____________________________________________________________
   ____________________________________________________________

                               [1]Vampire Test
                             [badge-footer.gif]

                   [2]Vampire Test from [3]quizrocket.com!
                     [4]Quizzes: [5]Customer Engagement

Your Vampire Test Result:

   Results For:

   Status: Not Logged In

Vampire Test

Vampire Test - Almost done! We are generating your results.
Here are some optional offers while we process your information.

  _

     * [19]The 50th Anniversary of the Higher Education Act - Duration:
       10:23. by Texas State University 233 views
       10:23
     * [20]Rising Star: Sabra Serino - Duration: 2:23. by Texas State
       University 184 views
       2:23
     * [21]Rising Star: Dr. Ty Schepis - Duration: 1:49. by Texas State
       University 77 views
       1:49
     * [22]Be a Bobcat: Bike Cave - Duration: 0:23. by Texas State
       University 102 views
       0:23
     * [23]Fun Facts About Bats - Duration: 7:39. by OBC Bats 166,039
       views
       7:39
     * [24]Late Night 'Rob Mies & His Vampire Bat Friends! 10/22/04 -
       Duration: 7:10. by Yelena Pavel 73,854 views
       7:10
     * [25]Vampire Bats - The Diversity of Life - Duration: 5:38. by
       El3ctricPenguin 13,245 views
       5:38
     * [26]Baby Bat Burritos - Duration: 2:24. by Wakaleo 1,949,221 views
       2:24
     * [27]Bats! - Duration: 3:11. by peepchick101 109,321 views
       3:11
     * [28]Vampire Bats - Duration: 1:20. by Diana Clarke 8,708 views
       1:20
     * [29]Vampires Fact or Myth? - IYPFV NERD Episode 18 - Duration:
       14:24. by inYourPuppetFaceVlog 1,187 views
       14:24
     * [30]Vampires: Biology and Evolution (Part 1) - Duration: 10:01. by
       PolarisHorizon 8,331 views
       10:01
     * [31]VAMPIRE BAT ~ Bat Sounds and Pictures - Duration: 2:08. by ESL
       and Popular Culture 19,241 views
       2:08
     * [32]Baby Vampire Bat - Duration: 5:01. by 9thregen 6,554 views
       5:01
     * [33]Discover Magazine - Vampire Bat's Diet - Duration: 1:32. by
       Discovery 43,860 views
       1:32
     * [34]Vampire bats nesting in a cave - Expedition Guyana - BBC -
       Duration: 1:52. by BBC Earth 16,968 views
       1:52
     * [35]Vampires: Folklore, fantasy and fact - Michael Molina -
       Duration: 6:57. by TED-Ed 734,688 views
       6:57
     * [36]Vampire Bats Biting People - Duration: 5:22. by National
       Geographic 141,088 views
       5:22
     * [37]GIANT BAT MYSTERY - Duration: 3:01. by billschannel 1,829,029
       views
       3:01
     * Loading more suggestions... (BUTTON) Show more

     * (BUTTON) Language: English
     * (BUTTON) Country: Worldwide
     * (BUTTON) Restricted Mode: Off

   [38]History (BUTTON) Help

   Loading...

   Loading...

   Loading...
     * [39]About
     * [40]Press
     * [41]Copyright
     * [42]Creators
     * [43]Advertise
     * [44]Developers
     * [45]+YouTube

     * [46]Terms
     * [47]Privacy
     * [48]Policy & Safety
     * [49]Send feedback
     * [50]Try something new!
     *

   Loading...

   Working...

   [51]Sign in to add this to Watch Later

Add to

   Loading playlists...


10 Weirdest Teeth

   [ti.png] 8/16/2014 (Updated 10/21/2014)
   [au.png] by [23]Grace Murano [24]+
   [ca.png] [25]Bizarre Medical Stories
   [views.png] 78,905 views
   [tags.png] Tags: ugly teeth
      [26]Tweet    [27][pinit_fg_en_rect_gray_20.png]
   From weird tumors to fish with human dentures, take a look at these
   ugly teeth stories.

   1
   Teen has 232 teeth removed
   Teen has 232 teeth removed
   Now, this is really a mouthful. Doctors at J J Hospital found 232 teeth
   in a 17-year-old boy's mouth, which were removed in a surgery that
   lasted more than six hours.
   The hospital's dental department has decided to forward the case to
   Guinness World Records for the most number of teeth extracted from an
   individual's mouth.
   The boy, Ashiq Gavai, resides in a village in the Buldhana district of
   the Amravati region. Around a year-and-a-half ago, his family noticed a
   swelling in the right side of his lower jaw, but the local doctors
   couldn't identify the problem. His family even feared he suffered from
   cancer.
   Ashiq was diagnosed with a condition called composite odontoma or a
   benign tumor of the tooth, which can cause difficulties in eating,
   swallowing, and lead to a grotesque swelling of the face, though it is
   not life-threatening. The condition has been known to affect the upper
   jaw and a maximum of 25 teeth can be extracted from a tumor, but in
   Ashiq's case, the tumor was found deep in the lower jaw and the doctors
   removed more than 232 teeth.
   Calling the case a medical wonder, doctors said the boy now has a
   normal set of 28 teeth, and they will insert caps to replace the
   removed teeth once he completely recovers. ([28]Source | [29]Photo)

   2
   Doctors pull a tooth out of a man's nose
   Doctors pull a tooth out of a man's nose
   Nosebleeds are common among children and young adults, but one young
   man's frequent nosebleeds turned out to have a rather unusual cause
   – he actually had a tooth in his nose.
   After suffering from nosebleeds once or twice a month for three years,
   the 22-year-old man in Saudi Arabia consulted a doctor, who found an
   ivory-white, bony mass, about half an inch (1 centimeter) long in the
   man's nose. The doctors then consulted with dentists, who concluded
   that the mass was actually an extra tooth that had somehow ended up
   growing in his nose and had it removed.
   The patient had an otherwise well-aligned and complete set of teeth in
   his mouth. ([30]Source)

   3
   Teen boy grows vampire teeth
   Teen boy grows vampire teeth
   A Chinese boy has grown two sharp front teeth - causing him look like a
   vampire.
   In December 2012, mother Wang Hui took her son Wang Pengfei, 16, to a
   local hospital for medical tests. The boy, from Chongqing municipality,
   southwest China, had very little hair at birth and only two sharp fangs
   in his mouth.
   Wang Hui tried to get to the bottom of his curious canines with umpteen
   hospital visits, but she was met with little success.
   Doctors at South West Hospital say that her son will be eligible for
   surgery when he is an adult. The cost for sorting out his dodgy
   gnashers will be around 70,000 to 80,000 Yuan or $15,000.
   Wang Hui claims her son has become more and more isolated and that he
   attacks classmates who stare at him or whisper about him. ([31]Source)

   4
   Baby's rare brain tumor has a tooth on it
   Baby's rare brain tumor has a tooth on it
   A 4-month-old infant in Maryland may be the first person to have had
   teeth form in his brain as a result of a specific type of rare brain
   tumor.
   Doctors first suspected something might be wrong when the child's head
   appeared to be growing faster than is typical for children his age. A
   brain scan revealed a tumor containing structures that looked very
   similar to teeth normally found in the lower jaw.
   The tumor was has been removed and the boy is doing well. ([32]Source)

   5
   Blind man regains sight after having tooth implanted in his eye
   Blind man regains sight after having tooth implanted in his eye
   Englishman Martin Jones was blind for almost a decade. However, he
   regained his sight in 2009 after a bizarre medical procedure – doctors
   implanted a piece of tooth in his eye.
   The tooth that was implanted was a canine tooth which is also known as
   the "eyetooth" and it was pulled out of Martin Jones' own mouth. A
   man-made eye lens was then implanted into its base and placed it under
   the lid of his eye, allowing the tissue to grow over the canine. A flap
   of Martin's skin was taken from his mouth and also implanted over the
   tooth, which later acquired its own blood supply.
   Doctors then cut a hole in the cornea to permitted light to enter the
   eye. This procedure has given six hundred people vision. ([33]Source)

   6
   Dentist pulls out every tooth in patient's mouth
   Dentist pulls out every tooth in patient's mouth
   An autistic man was left toothless after a dentist pulled all of his 32
   teeth during what should have been a routine procedure.
   Christopher Crist, 21, from Indianapolis, went to the dentist where he
   wanted just three teeth which were causing him problems removed. The
   young man claims that after the dentist gave him pills to help with the
   pain, there was "a miscommunication" that led to all his teeth being
   taken out. ([34]Source)

   7
   Man has tooth embedded in ear for 3 decades
   Man has tooth embedded in ear for 3 decades
   A Sheffield man who endured decades of painful earaches and infections
   says his suffering is finally behind him – after doctors extracted a
   tooth from his ear canal.
   Stephen Hirst, aged 47, of Torksey Road, Shiregreen, first complained
   of piercing pains in his right ear as a teenager, and has met with
   countless doctors over the years in an attempt to discover the bizarre
   cause of his mystery condition.
   Stephen said the pain was sometimes so excruciating he would be left
   “screaming” in agony, until determined staff at the Royal Hallamshire
   Hospital discovered the tooth embedded in his ear and removed it.
   Doctors remains mystified as to how the tooth came to be jammed in the
   47-year-old's ear canal in the first place. Especially as he had all
   his teeth taken out some time ago. ([35]Source)

   8
   Baby is born with 28 teeth
   Baby is born with 28 teeth
   In 2010, mother-of-four Martha Muthoni shocked residents of Nyandarua
   County, Kenya, after giving birth to a healthy baby boy who was born
   with 28 teeth.
   According to Peter Mumero, a local clinical officer, Martha delivered
   her son James Mwangi safely at home. Mother and baby were then bought
   to a local health facility after the amazing discovery was made.
   Mwangi, now four years, has grown without any health complications and
   fed on githeri when he was eight months.

   IFRAME: [36]//www.youtube.com/embed/pg_lJdRGZOI

   ([37]Source 1 | [38]Source 2 | [39]Photo)

   9
   Surgeons find two teeth embedded in eye tumor
   Surgeons find two teeth embedded in eye tumor
   A 23-year-old woman in India, Nagabhushanam Siva, was surprised, along
   with her doctors, to discover that two fully formed teeth were embedded
   in the tissue of a tumor she had in her eye since birth.
   The tumor continued to swell throughout the years. When her vision
   became blurred, she contacted a doctor. Because the tumor was left
   untreated for so long, it damaged the optic nerve causing Nagabhushanam
   to be permanently blind in that eye. The surgeons found the teeth when
   they removed the tumorous growth. ([40]Source)

   10
   Fish with human teeth
   Fish with human teeth
   The Pacu is a South American freshwater fish found in most rivers and
   streams in the Amazon and Orinoco river basins of lowland Amazonia, but
   they have also been reported as far as Papua New Guinea, where it was
   artificially introduced to aid the local fishing industry.
   The Pacu is related to the meat-eating piranha, although they have
   different food habits. The piranha is a carnivorous species, while the
   pacu is omnivorous with vegetative tendencies. The difference is
   evident in the structure of their teeth. Piranha have pointed,
   razor-sharp teeth whereas pacu have squarer, straighter teeth, that
   eerily resemble those of humans.
   While they are not aggressive carnivores like the piranha, their
   crushing jaw system can be hazardous. One toddler needed surgery after
   a pacu bit her finger at Edinburgh Butterfly and Insect World in
   Scotland. Commenting on the incident, Deep Sea World zoological manager
   Matthew Kane warned, "Pacus will eat anything, even children's wiggling
   fingers." (

[46]How to Act Like a Vampire

   Four Parts:[47]Finding Vampiric Inspiration[48]Adopting the Correct
   Behaviors and Personality Traits[49]Revamping Your
   Appearance[50]Completing The Transition To Vampire Life

   Whether it's for Halloween, a costumed event, a performance, or a
   committed lifestyle choice, many people love the glamour of dressing up
   as vampires. Here are some suggestions on how to perfect the look and
   mannerisms.
   Ad

Steps

   Part 1 of 4: Finding Vampiric Inspiration
    1. [51]159274 1 159274 1.jpg
       1
       Study famous vampires in literature, television and film. Reviled
       and revered vampiric characters are born in literature, television
       and historical accounts, where they resonate with people around the
       world. When you find a vamp character you like, try to analyze what
       you find so fascinating about him or her. Some places to start
       include:
          + John William Polidori's The Vampyre, the first mainstream
            vampire book. If you can't obtain a copy, find an [52]online
            version at Project Gutenberg.
          + Bram Stoker's Dracula. This should be readily available in a
            secondhand book store, but if not, you can [53]read it online
            at Project Gutenberg. Further, there are several movies based
            on the character of Dracula.
          + Contemporary vampire stories. There are thousands of
            vampire-themed books, comics, and graphic novels available to
            suit every taste.^[54][1] Stephenie Meyer's Twilight and Anne
            Rice's The Vampire Chronicles are two well-known modern
            series, but a quick online search will point you in the
            direction of many more. Reading books from different decades
            of the last century would also give you a good idea of how the
            vampire genre has evolved over time.
          + Several modern network TV shows have featured vampires,
            including Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Angel and The Vampire
            Diaries.
          + Vampires have been a staple of horror movies practically since
            cinema was first created and every manner of vampire has made
            an appearance on the silver screen. Some classic vampire
            movies that should definitely be on your watch list include:
            Nosferatu, Interview with a Vampire, The Lost Boys, Blade,
            Vampires, From Dusk Til Dawn, Underworld and the countless
            Dracula adaptions.
       Ad
    2. [55]159274 2 159274 2.jpg
       2
       Research vampire myth and legend. Read information gathered about
       vampire lore, as well as data collected on allegedly "real"
       vampires. These figures, whose ritualistic crimes or abnormal
       behavior inspire fear among their communities, crop up regularly
       throughout history.
          + Some people today still believe that vampires are real and
            walk among us ^[56][2]; others believe in them more
            figuratively as people with "low pranic energy" who drain the
            life force from others.^[57][3]
          + Seeing the vampire as a historical figure will help you
            understand why this mythical being still has the power to
            thrill. Moreover, it will enable serious enthusiasts to better
            respond to their critics.
          + Dr. Elizabeth Miller is considered to be a foremost expert on
            Dracula,^[58][4], and the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry has
            a number of articles on vampires.^[59][5]
    3. [60]159274 3 159274 3.jpg
       3
       Decide what kind of vampire you want to be. Now that you've
       familiarized yourself with famous vampires and brushed up on your
       vampire mythology, try to decide which dark interpretation to base
       your appearance and behavior on. Are you more of a claw-curling
       Nosferatu than a punk-rock Spike? A smooth-talking Dracula or a
       butt-kicking Selene?
          + There are many different degrees of vampire; find the one that
            appeals to you most and best suits your personality and
            tastes.
          + If you're making vampirism a lifestyle choice, consider easing
            the transition by simply becoming the vamp version of your
            authentic self.
       Ad

   Part 2 of 4: Adopting the Correct Behaviors and Personality Traits
    1. [61]159274 4 159274 4.jpg
       4[62]Edit step
       1
       Adopt a vampiric demeanor. Now that you’ve filled in the blanks for
       your chosen vampire style, assemble traits suitable to the
       personality. There are many stereotypical vampire personality
       traits -- you may decide to adopt all of them, or just pick and
       choose your favorites.
    2. [63]159274 5 159274 5.jpg
       2
       Develop or affect an aversion to sunlight. Being a lover of the
       night is an essential vampire characteristic, but this love of the
       dark is balanced by an extreme aversion to sunlight. In fact, if
       someone opens the curtains or you're forced to walk outside during
       the day, you should hiss and draw your cloak protectively over your
       face. You should also claim to be highly photo-sensitive and prone
       to [64]sunburn.
          + Change your sleeping patterns to sleep during the day and wake
            during the night instead. If possible, you should try to sleep
            underground so you are less vulnerable. This way, no one can
            sneak in and expose you to sunlight while you sleep.
          + During the day, you should move furtively and look slightly
            paranoid, always on the lookout. Vampires can never feel fully
            at ease during the day. Once night falls, however, you can
            relax and be your normal fearless, pompous self again. You are
            master (or mistress) of the night after all.
          + This may conflict with school, work or other events. Ask
            someone to teach you from home or choose a night job if you
            want to act like a "vintage" or old styled vampire. However
            you could also retain a "normal" sleeping pattern and act as a
            modern styled vampire and wear glitter on your skin (à la
            Twilight).
    3. [65]159274 6 159274 6.jpg
       3
       Work on your night vision. Vampires have excellent night vision.
       Their sharp eyes can pick out even the slightest movement, so their
       prey don't stand a chance. Therefore, if you want to become a
       vampire, you will have to train yourself to [66]see in the dark.
          + You might need technical help here to avoid stumbling around
            outdoors on a moonless night, but if you're the type who can
            keep reading when everyone else is complaining it's too dark,
            this is good proof of your vampiric qualities.^[67][6]
          + Other things you can do to improve your night vision include
            upping your vitamin A intake (liver is a good source - yum!),
            wearing red-tinted glasses throughout the day (these help your
            eyes adjust to the dark), learning to pick out contrast and
            working on your peripheral vision.
    4. [68]159274 7 159274 7.jpg
       4
       Be narcissistic. Vampires are prone to dominating the limelight.
       When they are in a crowd, they are prone to drawing the eyes of
       everyone in the room as they possess a sort of terrifying,
       unearthly beauty -- and they know it. To achieve this effect, you
       should pay immaculate attention to detail when dressing yourself.
       You should walk with an air of authority, with your shoulders back
       and your head held high.
          + You should only be interested in talking about yourself and
            your interests (while still retaining an air of mystery). You
            should speak at length about historical events from times gone
            by (from a personal perspective, of course) and rhapsodize
            about the days when all of Eastern Europe feared your name.
          + You should only become animated during your own speeches, if
            anyone else dares to open their mouth, you should adopt an
            expression of boredom and disdain.^[69][7]
    5. [70]159274 8 159274 8.jpg
       5
       Show off your rapid healing ability. Vampires have the ability to
       heal quickly after almost any injury. In fact, they can be brought
       to the very brink of destruction, only to be resuscitated and
       restored to their former glory by a few drops of blood.^[71][8]
       This one can be a little tricky to enact, as you want to avoid
       anyone pushing you for proof. However, there are a couple of things
       you can do.
          + If your bruises, cuts and scrapes tend to clear up quickly,
            you're in luck. You can claim this as proof of your vampirism.
            If they don't, you can use a little high-coverage makeup to
            aid the illusion.
          + If any injuries should befall you while in the company of
            other people, you should rush off immediately, exclaiming "I
            must feed!" Vampires need blood for their miraculous healing
            powers to work, everyone knows that.
    6. [72]159274 9 159274 9.jpg
       6
       Yearn for a long-lost lover. Vampires are darkly romantic
       creatures, and although most of them are unable to maintain
       long-term stable relationships with other people (human or
       vampire), they often hold a deep longing for one particular person
       who may be deceased already (although not necessarily so).
          + Do you have a special person you're pining for? If so,
            consider keeping a picture of him or her in a locket and gaze
            at it longingly every so often. Then, when anyone approaches,
            let them catch a quick glimpse before snapping it shut. This
            will give you an added layer of mystery.
          + Or, perhaps there's a historical character you can pin your
            undying, centuries-old love to, and raise him or her as a
            topic of conversation now and then. Find out all you can about
            them, and construct an entire backstory about how the two of
            you met and what tragic ending befell your doomed romance.
    7. [73]159274 10 159274 10.jpg
       7
       Work on your soul-piercing gaze. A vampire may seem to look right
       through you, right into your soul. Or perhaps they don't even see
       you at all, but are focused on some other dimension entirely. To
       achieve this effect, you should practice an [74]unblinking gaze
       which you can hold for what is seemingly longer than humanly
       possible.
          + Try to creep people out by picking someone from across the
            room and staring at them intently until the hair on their neck
            start to rise and they notice your gaze. They should feel
            uncomfortable and slightly unnerved
          + Don't be surprised if people consider you to be "off with the
            fairies" rather than perceptive; it's a hard look to pull off,
            as sometimes you can look dazed rather than intent.
    8. [75]159274 11 159274 11.jpg
       8
       Be condescending and intellectually superior. Vampires are prone to
       condescension toward people they assess as "fools"; vampires
       consider themselves highly intelligent and respect intelligence in
       return. Whenever someone you don't approve of is speaking, you
       should adopt an expression of distaste and look down your nose at
       the speaker. Snort derisively from time to time, in order to show
       your disdain. Alternatively, you can abruptly leave the
       conversation with a sweep of your cape.
          + Just don't expect this type of behavior to win you any
            friends. Ever wonder why vampires never seem to have any
            buddies?
          + If you want to attract intelligent company, be intelligent.
            Vampires have been around for centuries and have acquired vast
            stores of knowledge. You should know your history, literature
            and politics like the back of your hand.
    9. [76]159274 12 159274 12.jpg
       9
       Maintain a serious disposition. Vampires are not known for their
       bubbly, fun personalities. They are serious and contemplative,
       without time or patience for frivolity. Most of the time, a vampire
       should be withdrawn, sullen, demure, and silent.
          + As a result, you should reserve your smiles for moments of
            real joy and hilarity, not for commonplace happenings.
          + Vampires don't giggle either. If you must laugh, aim for a
            dark chuckle or grunt of amusement.
   10. [77]159274 13 159274 13.jpg
       10
       Speak in a low voice. A low speaking voice, that is perhaps husky,
       seductive, or sensual is typical of vampires. You should never
       shout or raise your voice. In fact, the angrier you are, the more
       quietly menacing your voice should become.
          + Listen to actors who played vampires in some of the older
            movies to get a good idea of the voice style.
       Ad

   Part 3 of 4: Revamping Your Appearance
    1. [78]159274 14 159274 14.jpg
       1
       [79]Dress like a vampire. Vampire clothing varies depending on the
       era of vampire that you're emulating, but there are some
       commonalities on the whole: the clothing is of generally good
       quality; it tends to be dark (often black), with some color relief
       (often red, white, or gray); it is often sexy, maybe [80]burlesque,
       or at the very least, shows the body off to its best advantage; and
       it is flexible enough to allow for stealthy night movements.
    2. [81]159274 15 159274 15.jpg
       2
       Decide if you want to wear a cape. A large [82]cape is a
       traditional vampiric item of clothing, although more modern
       vampires seem to have lost this typical style; despite this, the
       cape is a "must-have" for fancy dress or dramatic moments when
       acting.
          + Once alternative to wearing an actual cape is to wear long,
            flowing or billowing coats.
          + If you're doing a fancy dress vampire, black bat or spider
            broaches add a nice touch.
    3. [83]159274 16 159274 16.jpg
       3
       Add [84]make-up and accessories to appear vampiric. Make-up can
       help you achieve the pallor common to traditional vampire
       appearance. White skin, dark eyes and red lips are easy to achieve,
       while getting the right fangs and changing your eye color can be a
       little more challenging.
    4. [85]159274 17 159274 17.jpg
       4
       Develop glowing, luminous skin. To achieve this, try to stay out of
       the sun, use sunscreen religiously, and dust your face with white
       or very light make-up to make it pale. However, be aware that
       vampire skin may appear flushed after consuming food, especially
       meat products.
          + If you want to be a Twilight-style vampire, consider adding
            glitter to your skin to imitate the way Edward Cullen's skin
            "sparkles" in direct sunlight.
    5. [86]159274 18 159274 18.jpg
       5
       Wear dark eye make-up. Wear slightly dark make-up under and around
       your eyes. Wear enough to look sultry and mysterious, but not so
       much that you look like you just lost a fight.
          + If your school or workplace frowns on heavy make-up, reserve
            this look for evenings, weekends, and vacations.
          + Always remove make-up before sleep; your skin needs to
            breathe.
    6. [87]159274 19 159274 19.jpg
       6
       [88]Get red lips. Red lips are important for a vampire, as they can
       make it look like you just fed on some fresh blood. Girls can use
       red or purple lipstick to achieve the right effect, while guys can
       use a little lip stain or fake blood to get the same look.
          + Leave a little trickle of fake blood trickling down your chin
            for an extra creepy "just-drank-someone's-blood" effect.
    7. [89]159274 20 159274 20.jpg
       7
       Find the right fangs. Find some good-quality, fake fangs to insert
       if you don't already have a nice set of pointy teeth. This is
       optional if you're adopting a vampire style long-term, but probably
       essential for costume events.
          + Try to buy fangs that look realistic and avoid adhesive sets
            (custom-fit fangs are cheaper in the long run). Vampfangs.com
            is one of the best places for this.
          + Some people go to the trouble of having their teeth filed down
            to sharp points. This is a drastic and irreversible measure;
            as such, it's not to be done lightly.
    8. [90]159274 21 159274 21.jpg
       8
       [91]Keep your nails long. Long nails, painted black or red are a
       great vampire accessory. Make sure they're well groomed, however; a
       vampire is proud. (Note that it's currently more socially
       acceptable for women to have long nails than it is for men.)
    9. [92]159274 22 159274 22.jpg
       22[93]Edit step
       9
       Change your eye color. Consider wearing differently colored
       contacts if you want a different look for your eyes. For instance,
       the vampires in Twilight are said to have golden eyes; others
       traditionally have red or black irises.
   10. [94]159274 23 159274 23.jpg
       10
       Get the daytime vampire look. Wear scarves, hats and other items
       that cover you up when out during the daylight. Use an umbrella or
       dark parasol to shield your skin from the sun. You should also wear
       large, dark (opaque) sunglasses to cover your eyes and much of your
       upper face, such as aviators or "Jackie O" glasses.
          + Switch the glasses up a bit by owning a few pairs, including a
            special pair for evening events.
   11. [95]159274 24 159274 24.jpg
       24[96]Edit step
       11
       Make use of vampire stereotypes. For a cosplay or fancy dress, have
       a friend carry a stake, garlic, and a cross. Your friend can chase
       you and make an amusing parody out of the traditional methods of
       getting rid of vampires (note that some modern renditions of
       vampires cease to use some of the traditional vampire frighteners,
       reflecting a more sophisticated challenge).
       Ad

   Part 4 of 4: Completing The Transition To Vampire Life
    1. [97]159274 25 159274 25.jpg
       1
       Move like a vampire. Vampires move with stealth and grace. Try to
       sweep around as you walk -- capes and long coats are ideal for
       this.
          + Consider gym, dance, or martial arts lessons if you're not
            already graceful in the way that you move.
          + Try to stay in peak form. Whatever your size and shape, it's
            important to be fit and a vampire will benefit from being able
            to move easily and quietly.
    2. [98]159274 26 159274 26.jpg
       2
       Speak like a vampire. Cultivate elegant diction and impeccable
       pronunciation - vampires are usually portrayed as being intelligent
       and highly cultured after living for centuries. Have some vampire
       responses at the ready. To act in character, you might like to
       respond to people with the following:
          + When asked your favorite color: black, and maybe red.
          + When asked your favorite place to sleep: in a coffin.
          + When asked your favorite meal: smile and say, "anything red
            and moist."
          + When arguing for a vampiric fact, make sure you say: "It's
            true! Lestat spoke to me last night." Or use any other famous
            vampire in your sentence.
    3. [99]159274 27 159274 27.jpg
       3
       Find a coven of other vampires. Look for others of your kind, with
       similar beliefs, interests, and knowledge of vampires. Spend time
       discussing vampire lore, vampirology, vampire literature and shows,
       and generally seek to have an enjoyable time together.
          + Attend vampire conventions, meet-ups, and similar events to
            meet like-minded vampire fans and vampires.
    4. [100]159274 28 159274 28.jpg
       4
       Consume red food, as representative of what a vampire would
       normally consume. Berries are ideal, as are apples, strawberries,
       red cabbage, tomatoes, anything using red food coloring, etc.
          + Drink cranberry juice, [101]raspberry juice, or red cordial
            drinks in place of blood.
          + Vampires have been portrayed as being anything ranging from
            blood-sucking to vegetarians. The diet you wish to pursue is
            entirely your choice.
          + See "Warnings" below for consuming blood.
    5. [102]159274 29 159274 29.jpg
       5
       Try not to let your vampiric power consume you. If you're seeking
       to be like a vampire because you want to lord it over other people,
       disempower others, and mess with their lives, rethink your
       destructive tendencies. Behaving like a vampire in order to bully
       others, to make yourself seem more important than anybody else, or
       to cause harm to others is unacceptable behavior. This kind of
       approach will not win you friends, and will most likely cause you
       to be ostracized and despised.
          + Modern vampires are depicted as being in control of their
            blood lust and emotions as a matter of choice. Living among
            human beings and being almost human, modern vampires have
            powers (a blessing) but are bloodthirsty (a curse) and this
            sets up an eternal struggle for them.^[103][9]
          + Being like a vampire in modern times can include enjoying a
            sense of mischief, taking pride in your intelligence, and
            having a willingness to always ask questions about the
            consequences of your actions.
       Ad

Give us 3 minutes of knowledge!

   Can you tell us about
   Cutting hair?
   Yes
   No
   Can you tell us about
   Princess costumes?
   Yes
   No
   Can you tell us about
   Catching butterflies?
   Yes
   No
   Can you tell us about
   Dead Island (PC game)?
   Yes
   No
   Thanks for helping! Please tell us everything you know about
   ...
   Tell us everything you know here. Remember, more detail is better.

   ____________________________________________________________
   ____________________________________________________________
   ____________________________________________________________
   ____________________________________________________________
   Tips
   Provide details.
   Please be as detailed as possible in your explanation. We will take
   your detailed information, edit it for clarity and accuracy, and
   incorporate it into an article that will help thousands of people.
   Don't say: Eat more fats. Do say: Add fats with some nutritional value
   to the foods you already eat. Try olive oil, butter, avocado, and
   mayonnaise.
   ____________________ ____________________
   Submit

Warnings

     * Avoid provoking any fights over your vampiric "beliefs"; be the
       mature one.
     * Don't go around "biting" people. This is offensive, dangerous, and
       taking things to a ridiculous extreme.
     * This article is about role playing or masquerading as a vampire. It
       is not about going so far as to perform acts of bloodlust or
       creating a vampire cult, actions which are perverted at best, and
       possibly criminal.
     * Avoid spreading rumors about people sucking blood, slitting
       throats, etc.; that's a form of bullying and is harmful to other
       people's reputations.^[104][10]
     * Some people who consider themselves to be vampires do drink human
       blood. They term themselves "Sanguinarians", and claim that they
       only consume clean blood from consenting adults.^[105][11]. The
       reality is that drinking anyone's blood is unhygienic and
       potentially dangerous to your health; it can spread disease, such
       as HIV and AIDS. Depending on the origins of the blood, you may
       also be committing an offense, or find yourself committed to a
       mental health institution.

Things You'll Need

     * [ ]
       Access to vampire lore
     * [ ]
       Dark clothing (optional)
     * [ ]
       Make-up (optional)
     * [ ]
       Vampire fangs (optional)
     * [ ]
       Colored contact lenses (optional)
     * [ ]
       Black nail polish (optional)

Related wikiHows

   [106]Look and Act Like a Teenage Vampire

   How to
   Look and Act Like a Teenage Vampire
   [107]Act Like a Vampire (Girls)

   How to
   Act Like a Vampire (Girls)
   [108]Act Like a Vampire at School

   How to
   Act Like a Vampire at School
   [109]Act Like a Modern/Common Vampire

   How to
   Act Like a Modern/Common Vampire
   [110]Look Like a Vampire

   How to
   Look Like a Vampire

Sources and Citations

    1. [111]↑ The Vampire Library, [112]http://www.vampirelibrary.com/
    2. [113]↑ Sanguinarius.org for Real Vampires,
       [114]http://www.sanguinarius.org/
    3. [115]↑ Inanna Arthen, Real Vampires,
       [116]http://www.earthspirit.com/fireheart/fhvampire.html
    4. [117]↑ Dracula's Homepage, [118]http://www.ucs.mun.ca/~emiller/
    5. [119]↑ For example, see Staking Claims: The Vampires of Folklore
       and Fiction,
       [120]http://www.csicop.org/si/show/staking_claims_the_vampires_of_f
       olklore_and_fiction/
    6. [121]↑ Vampire website, How to know if you are a real vampire,
       [122]http://vampirewebsite.net/howknowifavampire.html
    7. [123]↑ Inanna Arthen, Real Vampires,
       [124]http://www.earthspirit.com/fireheart/fhvampire.html
    8. [125]↑ Vampire website, How to know if you are a real vampire,
       [126]http://vampirewebsite.net/howknowifavampire.html
    9. [127]↑ Sally Regan, The Vampire Book: The legends, the lore, the
       allure, p. 77, (2009), ISBN 978-0-7566-551-8
   10. [128]↑ The Boston Globe, Vampire rumors spur alert at Boston Latin
       - on bullying,
       [129]http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2009/0
       3/27/vampire_rumors_spur_alert_at_boston_latin___on_bullying/
   11. [130]↑ TVNZ, Forget Twilight, Meet the Real Vampires,
       [131]http://tvnz.co.nz/national-news/forget-twilight-meet-real-vamp
       ires-2934537

Article Info

   Featured Article

   Categories: [132]Featured Articles | [133]Role Playing

   In other languages:

   Italiano: [134]Comportarsi come un Vampiro, Español: [135]actuar como
   vampiro, Português: [136]Agir Como um Vampiro, Deutsch: [137]Sich wie
   ein Vampir verhalten, Français: [138]se comporter comme un
   vampire, 中文: [139]扮成个吸血鬼, Bahasa Indonesia: [140]Bertingkah seperti
   Vampir, Русский: [141]стать вампиром, Čeština: [142]Jak se stát upírem
     * [143]Discuss
     * [144]Print
     * [145]Email
     * [146]Edit
     * [147]Send fan mail to authors

   Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 497,313
   times.
   Did this article help you?
   Yes No
   [148]What topics are you knowledgeable about?

About this wikiHow

   822 votes
   Very helpful
   497,313 views
   130 Co-authors
   69% of people told us that this article helped them.

Quick Tips

   [149]Random Article [150]Write An Article

Related Articles

   [151]Be a Knight

   How to
   Be a Knight
   [152]Make a Real Life RPG

   How to
   Make a Real Life RPG
   [153]Live Action Role Play (LARP) With Few Supplies

   How to
   Live Action Role Play (LARP) With Few Supplies
   [154]Be Your Own Role Model

   How to
   Be Your Own Role Model

Share

   [155]Pin It
   [156]Tweet

Featured Articles

   [157]Build Stronger Bones

   How to
   Build Stronger Bones
   [158]Algebraically Find the Intersection of Two Lines

   How to
   Algebraically Find the Intersection of Two Lines
   [159]Make a Garland With Scrap Fabrics

   How to
   Make a Garland With Scrap Fabrics
   [160]Change the World

   How to
   Change the World

Meet a Community Member

   [161]Sarah_the_gymnast

   [162]Sarah is a wikiHowian from the US who has been active in the
   community for over a year. She’s a [163]Featured Author and
   [164]Welcomer and has started 17 articles here. She enjoys starting
   articles about real problems she has in life, as well as ones about
   quirky topics like [165]How to Use Life Hacks. She says, “I love to
   [166]write, and helping people in the process is killing two birds with
   one stone.” To new editors she says, “Just [167]try things out! There’s
   nothing wrong with making mistakes”.

 

35 Interesting Facts You Didn’t Know About The Vampire Diaries

   Posted by [75]Nicole Weaver on June 25, 2015 at 12:48 PM
   [76]Tweet

   IFRAME:
   [77]http://www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=http://vampirediaries
   .alloyentertainment.com/tvd-show-cast-set-fun-facts-62515/&layout=butto
   n_count&show_faces=true&width=100&action=like&colorscheme=light&height=
   26&font=lucida+grande

   You might claim that you’re the biggest fan of The Vampire Diaries, but
   do you know everything about the show and its cast? Well it’s time to
   really put your knowledge to the test, and learn more. Here are 35
   interesting details and well-kept secrets you didn’t know  about
   everyone’s favorite show and its gorgeous and gifted cast members.

   1. Zach Roerig, Michael Trevino, and Paul Wesley all auditioned to be
   Damon.

   Photo Credit: [78]Giphy

   2. Another Hollywood starlet playing all those Petrova doppelgängers?
   Say it ain’t so! Yep, it’s true. Before Nina Dobrev landed the coveted
   role of Elena Gilbert, several actresses were actually being considered
   by The CW network, including Ashlee Simpson, Torrey DeVitto — who ended
   up playing Dr. Meredith Fell in Season 3 and 4 — and Lying Game alumna
   Alexandro Chando, who came in four whole times to read for the part.
   Nina herself almost didn’t get cast since she was ill the day of her
   audition and gave a lackluster performance; but, due to her tenacity
   and dedication, she recorded another audition and mailed it to the
   casting directors who were blown away by her abilities the second time
   around. Though the other ladies are talented, no doubt, Nina was
   clearly the best fit. (Interestingly enough, Alex ended up playing
   twins on TLG!)
   [79]Photo Credit: Tumblr

   Photo Credit: [80]Tumblr

   3. Did you know the name “Salvatore” almost never happened? Apparently
   it was too “Italian” for the world of Mystic Falls. Stefan and Damon
   originally went by the surname “Whitmore” just like their Uncle Zach,
   Elena’s friend Aaron in Season 5, and the college most of the
   characters have been attending since the fourth season began.
   Thankfully, executive producers Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec opted
   to stick to the source material and go with the name used in the book
   series by L.J. Smith, and we’re glad they did!
   [81]salvatore brothers

   Photo Credit: Tumblr

   4. If you thought Damon Salvatore was too good to be real, guess again!
   The character was actually inspired by executive producer Les
   Morgenstein’s childhood friend. In a blog post on Alloy Entertainment,
   he [82]wrote: “As a young editor I was on the team that worked on
   developing the novels. While working on the characters for TVD, I
   thought of my buddy from growing up in the suburbs of Washington D.C. —
   Damian Salvatore. Damian certainly wasn’t as twisted as Damon, but he
   was a bit of a rebel and kind of a badass. I am happy to share that
   he’s now a successful chef, restauranteur, and father. Damian, if you
   come across this, thanks for the inspiration.” Talk about a major
   compliment!
   [83]Photo Credit: Tumblr

   Photo Credit: [84]Tumblr

   5. ‘7th Heaven’ alum David Gallagher, who played Ray Sutton in the
   first two episodes of TVD Season 3, actually auditioned for the roles
   of Damon and Stefan.
   [85]The CW

   The CW

   6. Katherine Pierce diva curly hair is actually a wig. (Although Nina
   Dobrev’s hair is pretty darn perfect as well!)

   Photo Credit: [86]Giphy

   7. The pilot was shot in Vancouver. However, due to tax incentives,
   they later moved filming to Covington, Georgia.

   Photo Credit: [87]Giphy

   8. Annie Wersching played Damon and Stefan’s mother, but in real life
   she’s only a little more than a year older than Ian Somerhalder and
   five years older than Paul Wesley.

   Photo Credit: [88]Tumblr

   9. While we’re on the “age” topic, did you know that Nina Dobrev is
   actually six months younger than Steven R. McQueen, the actor who plays
   her little brother Jeremy? And that Sara Canning, who played their
   guardian on the show, was actually no more than a year older than them?
   [89]Photo Credit:: Tumblr

   Photo Credit:: [90]Tumblr

   10. The talented Ashley Tisdale, who was making waves with her role on
   High School Musical, was offered a lead role on TVD. She turned it down
   and ended up starring on the fut yet short-lived Hellcats instead.
   [91]Photo Credit: Giphy

   Photo Credit: [92]Giphy

   11. Chris Brochu who played Luke Parker in TVD Season 5 and Season 6 is
   brothers with Doug Brochu from Sonny With a Chance.

   Photo Credit: [93]Tumblr

   12. Many of the cast members are talented in the language department;
   many are bilingual with a few even being multilingual. Nina Dobrev
   speaks Bulgarian and French. Paul Wesley can speak Polish. However Kat
   Graham beats them both by being able to speak Spanish, French, and
   Hebrew.

   Photo Credit: [94]Tumblr

   13. When he is not on set, Zach Roerig is a devoted single dad to an
   adorable little girl. The child’s mother is incarcerated in federal
   prison, so he was granted full custody of his daughter.

   Photo Credit: [95]Tumblr

   14. Daniel Gilles, who portrayed Elijah Mikaelson on TVD before moving
   to its spin-off The Originals, is married to Rachael Leigh Cook
   from She’s All That. Together, the couple has two children.

   Photo Credit: [96]Tumblr

   15. The role of Stefan Salvatore was the last one to be cast and after
   fifteen incredible reads, Paul landed it due to his breathtaking
   chemistry with Nina Dobrev! “Oh my God. I can’t remember how many guys
   there were, but there had to have been at least 11,” Nina [97]told
   Entertainment Weekly, reminiscing about the arduous yet well-worth-it
   process. “There might’ve been more than that, and I’m just trying to
   forget some of them.” She adds, “It was the longest day ever and they
   were all so different. I had already booked the part, and so they all
   had to have chemistry with me. And they were all trying real hard to
   have chemistry with me. The only one who wasn’t trying too hard, that
   didn’t speak to me at any point unless we were filming, was Paul
   Wesley—so it’s funny to think that he did the right thing. Kid got the
   part.” And in case Paul couldn’t get any more interesting with his good
   looks and charm, he is a self-professed believe in the paranormal. He
   shared the following story with Girlfriend magazine: “When I was a kid
   my family was staying in a rental in Rhode Island in Cape Cod. I woke
   up and saw a woman standing with her arms crossed, starring out the
   window. I realized she wasn’t with our group, so I called out to her
   and she turned to me and faded. I was confused and I didn’t realize it
   was a ghost until later, but by that point I was scared.”

   Photo Credit: [98]Tumblr

   16. The writers almost scrapped Tyler character entirely! Though the
   showrunners ended up getting rid of another one of Elena friends from
   the book series (Meredith), they were far too impressed with Michael
   Trevino’s performance. “[He] is somebody who we could have done
   without, perhaps, in the beginning of the show,” Julie Plec
   [99]admitted to The Hollywood Reporter. But it was his future
   werewolf/hybrid storyline that kept him around. We knew it was going to
   be really important, so we wanted to include him in the series regular
   group, even though we knew he probably wouldn’t get to the real meat of
   the story until season two.” Oh, and not only that but they changed his
   unfortunate last name, Smallwood, to Lockwood. Phew!
   [100]Photo Credit: Tumblr

   Photo Credit: [101]Tumblr

   17. The American Red Cross had a blood drive called “Starve a Vampire.
   Donate Blood” inspired by the show.

   Photo Credit: [102]Giphy

   18. Isobel Flemming’s phone number 919-399-2507 appeared in season 2,
   episode The super sleuth fans who called it heard a recorded message
   from Elena, Damon, and Stefan.

   Photo Credit: [103]Tumblr

   19. Speaking of Isobel, did you know that the role of Elena Gilbert’s
   birth mother almost went to Party of Five and Scream queen Neve
   Campbell? She ended up turning it down, so it went to The L Word’s Mia
   Kirshner instead.
   [104]Photo Credit: Tumblr

   Photo Credit: [105]Wiffle Giffle

   20. Taylor Kinney, who played werewolf hunk Uncle Mason Lockwood,
   [106]is engaged to Lady Gaga IRL, whom he met while starring as her
   love interest in the music video for “You and I.”

   Photo Credit: [107]Giphy

   21. Nina Dobrev’s favorite episode of the show is “Lost Girl” season 1,
   episode 6. Although Kevin Williamson didn’t want to feature flashback
   scenes at first, Julie Plec convinced him that they’d make meaningful
   additions to the story.
   [108]Photo Credit: Tumblr

   Photo Credit: [109]Tumblr

   22. Nearly every episode in TVD Season 6 — with the exception of a few,
   including 6×17, “Bird in A Gilded Cage” and the final two — pays homage
   to popular songs from the 1990s due to the prison world storyline. For
   example? “Yellow Ledbetter,” “Black Hole Sun,” “Welcome to Paradise,”
   and “The More You Ignore Me, The Closer I Get.”
   [110]Photo Credit: Tumblr

   Photo Credit: Tumblr

   23. Did you know that Stephen Amell, who now stars as the phenomenal
   Oliver Queen on Arrow, originally auditioned for Mason Lockwood and
   Elijah Mikaelson? He ended up snagging the role of bad-to-the-bone
   werewolf Brady.
   [111]Photo Credit: Tumblr

   Photo Credit: [112]Tumblr

   24. James Van Der Beek, who had worked with Kevin William on the
   acclaimed series Dawson’s Creek, was THISCLOSE to portraying everyone’s
   favorite history teacher/vampire hunter, Alaric Saltzman. The part
   eventually went to the oh-so-smoldering Matt Davis. Ironically though,
   he starred alongside Matt’s TVD love interest, Sara Canning aka Aunt
   Jenna, in the harrowing television drama Taken in Broad Daylight. Talk
   about a small world!
   [113]Photo Credit: Tumblr

   Photo Credit: Tumblr

   25. Brace yourselves for this one, fang fans: Ian Somerhalder almost
   starred on another vampire series — HBO’s True Blood. Thankfully, the
   part of adorable-yet-obtuse Jason Stackhouse went to the Ryan Kwanten
   and Ian’s fate as Damon Salvatore was sealed. Clearly this was the role
   the blue-eyed actor was meant to play!
   [114]Photo Credit: Tumblr

   Photo Credit: [115]Tumblr

   26. Though Nina Dobrev’s on- and off-screen relationship with Ian
   Somerhalder was the obsession of many fans, did you know that other
   romances took place off set? Paul and Torrey were married prior to TVD,
   and after their split in 2013, he started dating Phoebe Tonkin who,
   before heading over to The Originals, guest starred as Tyler’s friend
   Hayley Marshall. Joseph Morgan, who turned Klaus Mikaelson into a
   household phenomenon, is married to Persia White, the actress who plays
   Bonnie Bennett’s witch-turned-vampire mom Abby. After the two of them
   grew close on the set of Joseph’s short film, Revelation, they
   exchanged vows in 2014 in an intimate beach ceremony held in Jamaica.
   Additionally, Candice Accola also dated two of her co-stars: She hooked
   up with Steven McQueen in 2010, then fell for Matty Blue Blue aka Zach
   Roerig in 2011. However, she ultimately found true love in The Fray’s
   guitarist, Joseph Aaron King. After meeting at Direct TV’s celebrity
   Super Bowl event ([116]Nina actually helped set them up!), Candice and
   Joe got engaged in Italy, and tied the knot a year later in New
   Orleans!
   [117]Photo Credit: Tumblr

   Photo Credit: [118]Tumblr

   27. One of the cast members is related to an on-screen icon. Care to
   take a gander at who it is? None other than Steven McQueen, whose
   grandfather is the legendary “King of Cool” Steve McQueen! Moreover,
   his stepfather is retired NHL hall of famer Luc Robitaille.
   [119]Photo Credit: Tumblr

   Photo Credit: [120]Tumblr

   28. The historical Glenridge Hall, whose gorgeous facade was used for
   exterior shots of the Salvatore Boarding House, has been demolished.
   Developers made the controversial decision to tear it down in April
   2015.
   [121]Photo Credit: Wattpad

   Photo Credit: [122]Wattpad

   29. In honor of Paul Wesley’s directorial debut in TVD Season 5 Episode
   18, Nina gifted her co-star a life-size portrait….of herself. “I
   personally hazed him a lot and it was awesome,” [123]she told our Alloy
   Entertainment team in 2014. “He was actually a really good director and
   he did a really great job [and] was very prepared. But before his first
   day of shooting, I gave him a copy of the script signed by the whole
   cast — because every time you shoot an episode, you receive a script
   cover with the name of the episode and who it’s “directed by” and it
   said Paul — along with a little letter saying, “Paul over the last
   decade we’ve come so far, and just as a token of this new step in your
   life and in your career, I wanted to remind you where we started and
   what’s most important at the core of our show.” Laughing, she adds, “I
   also gave him this big present, and when he opened the gift, it was a
   giant painting of my face. I mean, it was a joke, obviously, but he
   thought it was hilarious and it’s actually hanging in his dressing room
   right now.”
   [124]Photo Credit: Tumblr

   Photo Credit: [125]Tumblr

   30. Every year, the executive producers treat the cast to awesome
   TVD-related gifts, and at the Season 4 prom-themed wrap party, everyone
   got a yearbook that featured behind-the-scenes pics and memories from
   set. It also featured some precious cast superlatives: Ian Somerhalder
   and Kat Graham were named “Most Likely to Save The World” and Candice
   Accola earned the title of “Best Musician” due to her fierce
   performances with the crew’s 1990s cover band Straight 2 Video.
   [126]Photo Credit: We Heart It

   Photo Credit: [127]We Heart It

   31. After camera assistant Sarah Jone’s tragic death on the set of
   Midnight Rider in 2014, the cast and crew have been honoring her memory
   at the start of each day by dedicating the first take to their friend.
   The directorial slate board also features [128]#SlatesforSarah on it.
   [129]Sarah Jones and Nina Dobrev on the set of The Vampire Diaries

   Photo Credit: ‘Slates for Sarah’ Facebook Page

    32. Oh hell naw! Apparently Klaus was supposed to be killed off by the
   end of his villainous arc on TVD — mostly because the producers thought
   Joseph wanted to leave at the end of the year to pursue other projects.
   Not to worry, though, because this talented Brit cleared everything up
   with his boss. “I went to see Julie Plec [TVD executive producer and
   Originals creator] and was honest with her like, “I just want you to
   know I think there’s a misconception that I want to be killed off at
   the end of this season and I’m actually having a lot of fun and want to
   stay on another year if you’ll have me,” he told [130]Complex. “She was
   a bit taken aback by it. I think she thought I wanted to leave after
   that year. So a little while later she wrote me an email saying,
   “You’re 100% going to live until next season, we cleared it with the
   network and the studio had always assumed that was the case anyway.” He
   adds, “So it was great, I got to do another season then around about
   the end of season 3 was when little whispers of the spin-off started to
   materialize. It was a long time before [The Originals] became a real
   thing.”
   [131]Photo Credit: Tumblr

   Photo Credit: [132]Tumblr

   33. So, remember when Elena and Bonnie are driving around town towards
   the [133]beginning of the pilot – you know, right before a bird dies on
   their windshield? Apparently a crew member was crouched down in the
   back seat the entire time; and according to Nina, Kat ran a stop sign
   and freaked her out!
   [134]Photo Credit: Tumblr

   Photo Credit: [135]Tumblr

   34. The producers decided to change the town’s name from Fell’s Church
   (as it’s called in the books) to Mystic Falls. “No disrespect to Fell’s
   Church, but it felt very based in religion and spirituality, and we
   knew we didn’t want the show to be the kind of vampire show that’s just
   about heaven and hell and demons and the devil and God — that kind of
   thing,” Julie Plec [136]told The Hollywood Reporter.
   [137]Photo Credit: Tumblr

   Photo Credit: [138]Tumblr

   35. Another major component of the books Kevin and Julie decided to
   leave out? All the supernatural mythology! They kept the vampires,
   werewolves, and witches and omitted the angels, foxes, mystical
   creatures, and multiple hell dimensions (and, eventually, creepy fog
   and bird) to keep the show from becoming [DEL: cheesy :DEL]
   complicated. [139]Kevin wanted more Dark Shadows, less Twilight.
   [140]Photo Credit: Wikipedia

   Photo Credit: [141]Wikipedia

   What’s another little known fact about The Vampire Diaries,
   sweethearts? Hit the comments and let us know!

                   *Go behind the scenes of TVD Season 6!*

   Skip this Ad
   ADVERTISEMENT

   IFRAME: [142]ad_frame

     * [143][thumbs_mama-salvatore-6x20.jpg]
     * [144][thumbs_delena-in-620.jpg]
     * [145][thumbs_blood.jpg]
     * [146][thumbs_mama-salvatore-plays-pool.jpg]
     * [147][thumbs_defan-620.jpg]
     * [148][thumbs_enzo-and-sarah-in-618.jpg]
     * [149][thumbs_michael-and-lily-619.jpg]
     * [150][thumbs_annie-and-ian.jpg]
     * [151][thumbs_lily-and-melinda-hsu-taylor.jpg]
     * [152][thumbs_lily-flashback.jpg]
     * [153][thumbs_annie-and-nina_1.jpg]
     * [154][thumbs_behind-the-scens-6x20.jpg]
     * [155][thumbs_kai-and-lily.jpg]
     * [156][thumbs_salvatore-family.jpg]
     * [157][thumbs_delena-wigs.jpg]
     * [158][thumbs_mama-salvatore-on-set.jpg]
     * [159][thumbs_lily-and-damon.jpg]
     * [160][thumbs_annie-with-baby-damon.jpg]
     * [161][thumbs_mama-salvatore-and-baby-stefan.jpg]
     * [162][thumbs_annie-and-kat.jpg]
     * [163][thumbs_annie-and-nina.jpg]
     * [164][thumbs_damon-and-lily.jpg]
     * [165][thumbs_damon-and-elena.jpg]
     * [166][thumbs_mama-salvatore-tvd.jpg]
     * [167][thumbs_mama-salvatore-and-her-traveling-companions.jpg]
     * [168][thumbs_damon-and-stefan-in-tvd-619.jpg]
     * [169][thumbs_baby-damon-and-stefan.jpg]
     * [170][thumbs_mama-salvatore-driving.jpg]
     * [171][thumbs_annie-with-ian.jpg]
     * [172][thumbs_caroline-with-stefan-in-619.jpg]
     * [173][thumbs_mama-salvatore-and-baby-damon.jpg]
     * [174][thumbs_annie-and-nina_0.jpg]
     * [175][thumbs_on-set-with-cornell-willis.jpg]
     * [176][thumbs_jo-and-mama-salvatore.jpg]
     * [177][thumbs_mama-salvatore.jpg]
     * [178][thumbs_zach-and-annie.jpg]
     * [179][thumbs_paul-and-annie.jpg]
     * [180][thumbs_annie-hugs-ian.jpg]
     * [181][thumbs_annie-and-joshua-butler.jpg]
     * [182][thumbs_annie-on-the-tvd-set.jpg]
     * [183][thumbs_annie-and-ian-promote-bosch.jpg]
     * [184][thumbs_tvd-619.jpg]
     * [185][thumbs_geoff-shotz-and-annie-wersching.jpg]
     * [186][thumbs_tvd-set.jpg]
     * [187][thumbs_cornell-willis-with-annie-wersching.jpg]
     * [188][thumbs_tvd-618.jpg]
     * [189][thumbs_annie-gets-fitted-for-fangs.jpg]
     * [190][thumbs_lily-and-her-sons.jpg]

   [thumbs_mama-salvatore-6x20.jpg] [thumbs_delena-in-620.jpg]
   [thumbs_blood.jpg] [thumbs_mama-salvatore-plays-pool.jpg]
   [thumbs_defan-620.jpg] [thumbs_enzo-and-sarah-in-618.jpg]
   [thumbs_michael-and-lily-619.jpg] [thumbs_annie-and-ian.jpg]
   [thumbs_lily-and-melinda-hsu-taylor.jpg] [thumbs_lily-flashback.jpg]
   [thumbs_annie-and-nina_1.jpg] [thumbs_behind-the-scens-6x20.jpg]
   [thumbs_kai-and-lily.jpg] [thumbs_salvatore-family.jpg]
   [thumbs_delena-wigs.jpg] [thumbs_mama-salvatore-on-set.jpg]
   [thumbs_lily-and-damon.jpg] [thumbs_annie-with-baby-damon.jpg]
   [thumbs_mama-salvatore-and-baby-stefan.jpg] [thumbs_annie-and-kat.jpg]
   [thumbs_annie-and-nina.jpg] [thumbs_damon-and-lily.jpg]
   [thumbs_damon-and-elena.jpg] [thumbs_mama-salvatore-tvd.jpg]
   [thumbs_mama-salvatore-and-her-traveling-companions.jpg]
   [thumbs_damon-and-stefan-in-tvd-619.jpg]
   [thumbs_baby-damon-and-stefan.jpg] [thumbs_mama-salvatore-driving.jpg]
   [thumbs_annie-with-ian.jpg] [thumbs_caroline-with-stefan-in-619.jpg]
   [thumbs_mama-salvatore-and-baby-damon.jpg]
   [thumbs_annie-and-nina_0.jpg] [thumbs_on-set-with-cornell-willis.jpg]
   [thumbs_jo-and-mama-salvatore.jpg] [thumbs_mama-salvatore.jpg]
   [thumbs_zach-and-annie.jpg] [thumbs_paul-and-annie.jpg]
   [thumbs_annie-hugs-ian.jpg] [thumbs_annie-and-joshua-butler.jpg]
   [thumbs_annie-on-the-tvd-set.jpg]
   [thumbs_annie-and-ian-promote-bosch.jpg] [thumbs_tvd-619.jpg]
   [thumbs_geoff-shotz-and-annie-wersching.jpg] [thumbs_tvd-set.jpg]
   [thumbs_cornell-willis-with-annie-wersching.jpg] [thumbs_tvd-618.jpg]
   [thumbs_annie-gets-fitted-for-fangs.jpg] [thumbs_lily-and-her-sons.jpg]

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [191]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [192]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [193]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [194]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [195]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [196]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [197]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [198]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [199]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [200]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [201]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [202]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [203]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [204]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [205]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [206]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [207]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [208]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [209]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [210]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [211]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [212]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [213]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [214]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [215]Twitter

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [216]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [217]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [218]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [219]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [220]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [221]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [222]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [223]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [224]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [225]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [226]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [227]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [228]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [229]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [230]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [231]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [232]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [233]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [234]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [235]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [236]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [237]Instagram

   Photo Credit: Annie Wersching via [238]Instagram

   [239]Corridor_109w This post is brought to you by [240]The Corridor, by
   [241]A.N. Willis. This intense sci-fi thriller follows Stel Alaster, as
   she discovers she has the secret power to navigate between parallel
   worlds. But when a portal called the Corridor starts to fail, Stel must
   risk everything to save the world and people she loves. [242]Get your
   copy here!
   This entry was posted in: [243]Articles, [244]Go Behind the Scenes,
   [245]Promo Homepage
   Tagged: [246]audition, [247]cast members, [248]fun facts, [249]tv show,
   [250]vampire diaries show
   By [251]Nicole Weaver.
   Bookmark the [252]permalink.

COMMENTS

    1. Jhen Que Said:
       Why did they tore the Salvatore boarding house down? Does it mean
       that they wont be making anymore scenes there? I so love that
       house… so sad…. :(
       Post on June 27, 2015 at 4:22 pm
    2. Dan Said:
       I think that might be the first time I’ve read one of these that
       doesn’t include the Jer change for the show (his role was a 3 year
       old girl in the book, no she didn’t become a hunter ;) )
       Post on June 27, 2015 at 7:05 pm

Leave a Reply [253]Cancel reply

   Name * ______________________________

   Email * ______________________________

   Birthdate * ______________________________

   Comment
   _____________________________________________
   _____________________________________________
   _____________________________________________
   _____________________________________________
   _____________________________________________
   _____________________________________________
   _____________________________________________
   _____________________________________________
   Characters Remaining

   Submit Comment

     *
     *
     * NEW RELEASE
          + NEW RELEASE
          + DISCOVER A
            MUST-READ BOOK
       [254]REVEALED
       [255]REVEALED
       Young Widows Club is the moving story of a teenage bride who is
       forced back to the high-school life she thought she'd left behind.
          + [256]Sample
          + [257]Order
     * Stay Connected
          + Stay Connected
          +
          +
          +
          +
         ______________________________________________________________

     * MORE NEWS
          + MORE NEWS
          +
       From Our Partners
     * More TVD & OG News!
          + More TVD & OG News!
          +
          + [258]Ian Somerhalder spills details about his magical wedding
            to actress Nikki Reed.
            [259]Ian Somerhalder Gushing Over His Wedding is The Most
            Romantic Thing You Will See Today
          + [260]Caroline Forbes in The Vampire Diaries Season 7 Episode 6
            recap
            [261]'The Vampire Diaries' Season 7 Episode 6 Recap
            You'll never in a million years guess who Caroline Forbes'
            fiance is!   [262]More »
          [263]spoilers for The Originals Season 3 Episode 7: Out of the
            Easy
            [264]The Originals Season 3 Episode 7: Official Synopsis &
            Sneak Peek Photos!
          [265]spoilers for The Vampire Diaries Season 7 Episode 7: "Mommy
            Dearest"
            [266]The Vampire Diaries Episode 7x07: Fresh Spoilers!
            Get excited: Lily is about to reveal a dark secret she's been
            harboring for over 160 years!   [267]More »
          [268]Stefan with Valerie and Damon in TVD episode 7x05: "Live
            Through This" recap
            [269]The 32 Sassiest Reactions to 'The Vampire Diaries'
            Episode 7x05: #CuddlesAndLies
          [270]Bonnie and Enzo - The Vampire Diaries
            [271]Watch as Enzo & Bonnie Go On Their "First Date" in This
            New TVD Clip
          [272]synopsis for The Originals Season 3 Episode 2
            [273]12 Mesmerizing TV Characters We Don't Know Whether To
            Love Or Hate
   

   [78][feed.png] Blue Boxes and Vampire Fangs

                                  hide bio


   [email.png] [79]PM . [transmit_blue.png] [80]Follow . [star.png]
   [81]Favorite
   Joined 04-24-12, id: 3954001, Profile Updated: 10-11-15
      [d_60_90.jpg]
      Author has written 7 stories for Vampire Diaries, and Avengers.

      Hello! fellow readers.

      this is my fan fiction page, currently it holds The Other Gilbert
      series, and the Hero Chronicles but i have four more stories planned
      with an outline, just need to actually have the time to write it out.

      warning up front, school and work come first for me so sometimes my
      updates aren't as close together as i would love to, but unfortunately
   fan fiction writing doesn't pay the bills…...

   My current fan fictions are

   The Other Gilbert Series- The Vampire Diaries

   The Other Gilbert - Complete

   The Other Gilbert: New Beginnings - Complete

   The Other Gilbert: Torn Apart - WIP

   One Shots for this series

   The Other Gilbert:Christmas

   The Hero Chronicles - Marvel (MCU)

   Hero, I am Not - Completed

   Heroes I've Accepted - In Progress

   One Shots for this series

   I am Iron Man - it's a collection of one shot's from Tony's point of
   view

   Tumblr: I've got a Tumblr page going for the Hero chronicles, my beta
   and I post pictures, sneak peaks and other cool facts if you want to go
   check it out it's at [82]blueboxesvampirefangs.tumblr.com
     * [83]My Stories 7
     * [84]Favorite Stories 7
     * [85]Favorite Authors 4

   Sort: Category . Published . Updated . Title . Words . Chapters .
   Reviews . Status .
   [86][d_60_90.jpg] Song Remains the Same by [87]R. W. Winters
   [88]reviews
   For Alex Winchester, normal has never been in the equation. Mute since
   the nursery fire, she grew up on the road chasing ghosts with her
   brothers and father. When her voice is inexplicably restored and the
   angel Castiel appears claiming to be her guardian, both of their lives
   change forever in ways that Heaven and Earth never expected. Cas/OFC -
   sisfic - S4 and on - AU (ON HIATUS)
   Supernatural - Rated: M - English - Romance/Drama - Chapters: 132 -
   Words: 2,050,328 - Reviews: 4194 - Favs: 1,903 - Follows: 1,815 -
   Updated: 11/4 - Published: 1/11/2013 - [Castiel, OC] Dean W., Sam W.
   [89][d_60_90.jpg] While I'm Alive by [90]Aint It Fun [91]reviews
   All Rylan Davenport ever wanted was a life of adventure. Moving to a
   foreign island and starting a new job at Jurassic World seemed like a
   good place to start. Then enter Owen Grady, a hot shot, impulsive
   velociraptor trainer at the park. When Owen takes on the challenge of
   filling Rylan's world with adventure, her life begins to change in a
   way she never expected.
   Jurassic Park - Rated: T - English - Romance/Adventure - Chapters: 24 -
   Words: 71,227 - Reviews: 204 - Favs: 335 - Follows: 438 - Updated: 9/17
   - Published: 6/29 - OC, Owen
   [92][d_60_90.jpg] SkyFall by [93]Laurafxox [94]reviews
   Alexandra Marie Gilbert is Elena's fraternal twin who everyone's known
   all their lives. Or have they? Who is Alex really and how does she tie
   in with witches vampire werewolves and the Originals? Why is her sky
   falling down around her and who is she? Starts during Masquerade
   continues through the seasons. Features an OC
   Vampire Diaries - Rated: T - English - Romance/Friendship - Chapters:
   40 - Words: 308,471 - Reviews: 560 - Favs: 269 - Follows: 258 -
   Updated: 8/17 - Published: 11/10/2012
   [95][d_60_90.jpg] Reliant by [96]CuppaTea13 [97]reviews
   After their parents' deaths, siblings Clint and Arlie Barton were lost
   to each other. Years later, after joining SHIELD, Clint finds her
   again. This is their story. (Rated T to be safe.)
   Avengers - Rated: T - English - Family - Chapters: 65 - Words: 164,030
   - Reviews: 458 - Favs: 242 - Follows: 296 - Updated: 3/10 - Published:
   4/11/2014 - [Black Widow/Natasha R., Hawkeye/Clint B.] Agent Phil
   Coulson
   [98][d_60_90.jpg] Green Eyed Monster by [99]sphinxs-legend [100]reviews
   Audrey Potter hates the technicalities that constantly drag her into
   trouble with her twin brother, Harry. But when she finally starts to
   prove herself by crawling from behind her brother's overbearing shadow,
   she begins realizing that it may have been better to just stay
   hidden...eventual Draco/OC, otherwise cannon. Starts in GOF, now
   uploading DH.
   Harry Potter - Rated: T - English - Adventure/Romance - Chapters: 93 -
   Words: 1,158,712 - Reviews: 3302 - Favs: 1,724 - Follows: 1,707 -
   Updated: 2/28 - Published: 7/26/2011 - [OC, Draco M.] Harry P., Fred W.
   [101][d_60_90.jpg] Guilty Filthy Soul by [102]Judith Vander Boer
   [103]reviews
   "I was a tremendously different person. Somehow, this curse had changed
   me, for the worse and for the better. It gave me a form of confidence
   that I would have never been able to conjure on my own. If I used it
   correctly, it could be my weapon." Kol/OC M for citrus, language, &
   violence.
   Vampire Diaries - Rated: M - English - Romance/Supernatural - Chapters:
   39 - Words: 158,726 - Reviews: 699 - Favs: 699 - Follows: 801 -
   Updated: 6/11/2014 - Published: 2/10/2013 - Kol M., OC
   [104][d_60_90.jpg] Poison & Wine by [105]The Onceler's Unless
   [106]reviews
   Elena and Jeremy have another sister, Andrea, or Andy, who is Elena's
   fraternal twin. She discovers the secrets of her ancestors and manages
   to catch the eye of two Original brothers. She finds herself attracted
   to both, and, after a long and hard journey, learns that just because
   one person is your soulmate, it doesn't mean that's who you end up
   with. Klaus/OC/Elijah
   Vampire Diaries - Rated: T - English - Romance/Supernatural - Chapters:
   64 - Words: 216,034 - Reviews: 956 - Favs: 653 - Follows: 571 -
   Updated: 1/1/2014 - Published: 12/29/2012 - Elijah, Klaus, OC -
   Complete
   Sort: Category . Published . Updated . Title . Words . Chapters .
   Reviews . Status .
   [107][d_60_90.jpg] Heroes I've Accepted [108]reviews
   6 months ago Scarlett walked out of the press conference and didn't
   look back, now she's Clara a college student living in a New York
   apartment. With the Stark Expo opening and her college professor asking
   her to go to New Mexico to help with a research project will she be
   able to continue her life as Clara or will Scarlett have to make a
   return? 2nd story in the Hero Chronicles
   Avengers - Rated: T - English - Chapters: 11 - Words: 43,887 - Reviews:
   74 - Favs: 90 - Follows: 142 - Updated: 11/12 - Published: 8/14 - Iron
   Man/Tony S., Hawkeye/Clint B., OC
   [109][d_60_90.jpg] The Other Gilbert: Torn Apart [110]reviews
   Things are looking up for Cassie and the gang. They defeated Silas,
   Elena and Caroline are going to college. everything is great, right?
   Then why isn't Stefan answering his phone? Third in the Other Gilbert
   Series
   Vampire Diaries - Rated: T - English - Chapters: 4 - Words: 10,108 -
   Reviews: 14 - Favs: 29 - Follows: 27 - Updated: 10/19 - Published: 5/12
   - Damon S., OC
   [111][d_60_90.jpg] I am Iron Man [112]reviews
   The companion to The Hero Chronicles. Here is a collection of one shots
   that follow Tony and his reaction to the situations in the series.
   Avengers - Rated: T - English - Chapters: 3 - Words: 4,581 - Reviews:
   11 - Favs: 14 - Follows: 16 - Updated: 10/11 - Published: 8/30 - Iron
   Man/Tony S., OC
   [113][d_60_90.jpg] Hero I am Not [114]reviews
   Scarlett Stark has everything she could ever want, a important last
   name, a ton of money. But what she really wants is a relationship with
   her dad. Follow Scarlett through Iron Man and find out if being a
   father is enough for Tony Stark or if he still feels the need to become
   the hero he wants to be. This is the 1st story will go through the
   entire MCU. COMPLETE, Squeal now up!
   Avengers - Rated: T - English - Chapters: 14 - Words: 66,030 - Reviews:
   120 - Favs: 154 - Follows: 169 - Updated: 8/14 - Published: 5/1 - Iron
   Man/Tony S., Hawkeye/Clint B., Pepper P., OC - Complete
   [115][d_60_90.jpg] The Other Gilbert: New Beginnings [116]reviews
   Still Recovering from the aftermath of Christmas the Gilberts have to
   put the pieces back together and continue the search to find the cure.
   but without Cassandra how will the gang keep up moral and stay
   together? Sequel to The Other Gilbert Now Complete!
   Vampire Diaries - Rated: M - English - Chapters: 26 - Words: 100,182 -
   Reviews: 203 - Favs: 155 - Follows: 172 - Updated: 5/12 - Published:
   8/19/2013 - Damon S., Klaus, OC - Complete
   [117][d_60_90.jpg] The Other Gilbert: Christmas [118]reviews
   What does a Christmas look like as Damon as your boyfriend, Cassandra
   Gilbert is about to find out. Enjoy an AU of my series The Other
   Gilbert as Cassie and Damon enjoy Christmas. AU, One-shot
   Vampire Diaries - Rated: T - English - Chapters: 1 - Words: 2,988 -
   Reviews: 3 - Favs: 11 - Follows: 3 - Published: 12/25/2014 - Damon S.,
   OC - Complete
   [119][d_60_90.jpg] The Other Gilbert [120]reviews
   Elena and Jeremy aren't the only Gilberts in Mystic Falls. Meet
   Cassandra Gilbert. Who is she? and what importance does she have in
   klaus's past? starts in season four. Damon/Oc/Klaus -Sequel now up!-
   Vampire Diaries - Rated: M - English - Chapters: 60 - Words: 164,209 -
   Reviews: 250 - Favs: 331 - Follows: 269 - Updated: 8/19/2013 -
   Published: 12/5/2012 - Damon S., Klaus, OC - Complete



Common Vampire Bat

Desmodus rotundus

     * [3]Amphibians
     * [4]Birds
     * [5]Bugs
     * [6]Fish
     * [7]Invertebrates
     * [8]Mammals
     * [9]Prehistoric Animals
     * [10]Reptiles

Map

   Map: Vampire bat range

   Common Vampire Bat Range

Audio

   [ajax_loader-cb1274471347.gif]

Fast Facts

   Type:
          Mammal

   Diet:
          Carnivore

   Average life span in the wild:
          About 9 years

   Size:
          Body, 3.5 in (9 cm); wingspan, 7 in (18 cm)

   Weight:
          2 oz (57 g) (Varies; can double in one feeding.)

   Group name:
          Colony

   Size relative to a tea cup:
          Illustration: Vampire bat compared with tea cup

   Bats are the only mammals that can fly, but vampire bats have an even
   more interesting distinction—they are the only mammals that feed
   entirely on blood.

   These notorious bats sleep during the day in total darkness, suspended
   upside down from the roofs of caves. They typically gather in colonies
   of about 100 animals, but sometimes live in groups of 1,000 or more. In
   one year, a 100-bat colony can drink the blood of 25 cows.

   During the darkest part of the night, common vampire bats emerge to
   hunt. Sleeping cattle and horses are their usual victims, but they have
   been known to feed on people as well. The bats drink their victim's
   blood for about 30 minutes. They don't remove enough blood to harm
   their host, but their bites can cause nasty infections and disease.

   Vampire bats strike their victims from the ground. They land near their
   prey and approach it on all fours. The bats have few teeth because of
   their liquid diet, but those they have are razor sharp. Each bat has a
   heat sensor on its nose that points it toward a spot where warm blood
   is flowing just beneath its victim's skin. After putting the bite on an
   animal, the vampire bat laps up the flowing blood with its tongue. Its
   saliva prevents the blood from clotting.

   Young vampire bats feed not on blood but on milk. They cling tightly to
   their mothers, even in flight, and consume nothing but her milk for
   about three months.

   The common vampire bat is found in the tropics of Mexico, Central
   America, and South America.

Share

   Email

   More »

Related Galleries

     * [11]<p>Photo: Tarantula feeding on a spider</p>
       [12]Eerie Animals
     * [13]Photo: A close-up of a golden lion tamarin
       [14]Monkey Photos
     * [15]<p>Photo: Two Tasmanian devils</p>
       [16]Photo Gallery: Tasmanian Devil
     * [17]<p>Photo: A flying squirrel</p>
       [18]Photo Gallery: Squirrels

Mammal Videos

     * [19]lion_zebra_promo.jpg
       [20]World's Deadliest: Lions vs. Zebra
     * [21]Photo: Cat walking down stairs
       [22]Crittercam POV: House Cat
     * [23]grizzly_fv_video.jpg
       [24]World's Deadliest: Grizzly Hunts With Nose
     * [25]weirdest-proboscis-monkey-promo-vin.jpg
       [26]World's Weirdest: Proboscis Monkeys
     * [27]dematteo-sniffing-dog-promo-vin.jpg
       [28]A Dog's Nose for Conservation
     * [29]afghanistan-snow-leopards-promo-vin.jpg
       [30]Snow Leopards Tagged in Afghanistan

   [31]More Videos »

Other Small Mammals

     * [32]<p>Photo: An endangered red panda sits on a branch</p>
       [33]Red Panda
     * [34]<p>Photo: Baby striped skunks</p>
       [35]Skunk
     * [36]<p>Photo: Snowshoe hare sitting in the snow</p>
       [37]Snowshoe Hare
     * [38]<p>Photo: Two-toed sloth hangs from a branch</p>
       [39]Two-Toed Sloth
     * [40]<p>Photo: A three-toed sloth</p>
       [41]Three-Toed Sloth
     * [42]<p>Photo: Wolverine on a rock</p>
       [43]Wolverine
     * [44]<p>Photo: Close-up of a sifaka lemur</p>
       [45]Sifaka
     * [46]<p>Photo: A fossa</p>
       [47]Fossa
     * [48]<p>Photo: Beaver stripping bark from a small twig</p>
       [49]Beaver
     * [50]<p>Photo: Adult male black-footed ferret</p>
       [51]Black-Footed Ferret
     * [52]<p>Photo: A nutria among aquatic plants</p>
       [53]Nutria
     * [54]<p>Photo: Hedgehog rooting for bugs and grubs</p>
       [55]Hedgehog
     * [56]Meerkat
     * [57]<p>Photo: A fennec fox resting</p>
       [58]Fennec Fox

Bat Features

     * [59]Photo: Bat with wings outstretched
    [60]African Bat Biodiversity Project
       Funded by a National Geographic/Waitt grant, researchers study the
       importance of ecosystems to threatened and forest-restricted bat
       species.
     * [61]Photo: Greater bulldog bat grabbing a small fish from the water
    [62]Panama's Adaptable Bats
       Seventy-four species of bats flourish on one small Panamanian
       island, carving out distinct niches for habitat and forage.
     * [63]Photo: Myzopoda aurita, the sucker-footed bat, is seen clinging
       to a leaf.
    [64]Sucker-Footed Bat Hangs Upright Via Sweat, Not Suction
       Despite its name, the sucker-footed bat of Madagascar actually uses
       "modified sweat" to cling to slick leaves, a new study says.
     * [65]Photo: Lesser short-tailed walking bat
    [66]Extinct Walking Bat Found
       A walking bat in New Zealand took its marching orders from an
       ancestor, a new fossil-bat discovery reveals.


                                 Vampire Bat


     [space.gif] [18]Vampire Bat Desmodus rotundus at the Louisville Zoo



    [19]Desmodus rotundus, Sangayan Island, Paracas National Reserve, Peru
                             [20]White-winged vampire bat (Diaemus youngi)


                           [21]A Common Vampire Bat, feeding on an animal.
                   [22]Vampire Bat Desmodus rotundus at the Louisville Zoo

                             [23]The common vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus
                   [24]Vampire Bat Desmodus rotundus at the Louisville Zoo

                             
                Vampire [25]Bat Classification and Evolution
      The Vampire [26]Bat is a small species of [27]Bat, native to the
      tropics of Central and South America. There are three recognised
    sub-species of Vampire [28]Bat, all of which are in a genus of their
   own despite their obvious similarities. The Common Vampire [29]Bat, the
    Hairy-Legged Vampire [30]Bat and the White-Winged Vampire [31]Bat are
    all closely related and share the same unique feeding habits, as they
   are the only known [32]mammals that feed entirely on blood. Over time,
     Vampire [33]Bats have perfectly adapted to the consumption of their
   only food source, with a leaf-like heat sensor on the end of their nose
     which detects where the warm blood is flowing closest to the skin.

                 Vampire [34]Bat [35]Anatomy and Appearance
   The Vampire [36]Bat is quite a small [37]animal, with it's body rarely
   growing larger than the size of a [38]human thumb. It's wings are long,
     finger-like bones that are covered in a thin layer of skin, with a
      thumb claw that pokes out of the front and is used for grip when
     clambering about on their host. Vampire [39]Bats have dark brown to
     grey furry bodies with a lighter underside, and strong limbs which
      enable them to crawl about on the ground with ease. As with other
   [40]Bats, Vampire [41]Bats use echolocation in order to determine their
   surroundings. When flying, they produce high-pitched sounds that bounce
     of the objects in the area, and it is this bounced-back sound that
   allows the [42]Bat to figure out where things are around them (it is so
              high-pitched that it cannot be heard by people).

                  Vampire [43]Bat Distribution and Habitat
    The Vampire [44]Bat is found throughout the South American continent
   from Mexico to the tip of Argentina. Vampire [45]Bats are found in both
   tropical and subtropical regions and can adapt to living in both humid
      and dry climates. Many [46]Bats are [47]nocturnal and the Vampire
   [48]Bat is no exception, spending the daylight hours roosting in hollow
   trees, caves, mines and even derelict buildings in colonies that can be
     more than 1,000 strong. Although other [49]Bat species are known to
   nest in the same places as the Vampire [50]Bats, it is thought that the
   separate species tend to keep their distance from one another to avoid
                                  conflict.

                 Vampire [51]Bat [52]Behaviour and Lifestyle
   After sleeping upside in the darkness all day, Vampire [53]Bats emerge
       when the moon appears in order to hunt for food. Despite being
   incredibly strong fliers, the design of their arms and legs means that
      they can also move about on the ground with surprising speed and
   agility. Vampire [54]Bats [55]fly about a meter above ground in search
    of a warm-blooded [56]animal, and once found, they land close to it.
    The Vampire [57]Bat then crawls up to it's generally sleeping victim,
     before biting it and feeding on the flowing blood. Vampire [58]Bats
   tend to be solitary hunters but roost together in colonies that usually
      contain around 100 individuals, and contain alpha males and their
                harems of around 6 females, and their young.

                Vampire [59]Bat Reproduction and Life Cycles
     Vampire [60]Bats mate all year round and are known to have a fairly
   long gestation period in comparison to other species of small tropical
   [61]Bat. After between 3 and 4 months, the female Vampire [62]Bat gives
      birth to a single baby which she cares for until it is weaned at
    between 3 and 5 months of age (those [63]bat babies born in captivity
   are weaned noticeably later, when they are 9 months old). As with other
     [64]mammals, the young vampire [65]bats feed on their mother's milk
    until they are old enough to consume an adult [66]diet, and will not
      reach their full adult weight for roughly a year. Female Vampire
     [67]Bats do appear to be very caring mothers, known to care for and
   adopt young orphans in the colony. Vampire [68]Bats can live for up to
    12 years in the wild, although captive individuals have been known to
                         nearly reach the age of 20.

                      Vampire [69]Bat [70]Diet and Prey
     Vampire [71]Bats use echolocation, sound and smell in order to find
    their [72]prey, which can be up to 10,000 times the size of this tiny
     [73]predator, and it is because of this that Vampire [74]Bats have
     evolved to taking some precautions when feeding. Firstly, the never
   land on their [75]prey but inside land on the ground close by and crawl
      up to it, where they are able to detect veins close to the skin's
    surface with precision, thanks to their heat-sensing nose. Using it's
     set of sharp front teeth, the Vampire [76]Bat then bites it's host,
    immediately jumping back in case the [77]animal wakes up. Contrary to
       popular belief, Vampire [78]Bats do not suck the blood of their
    victims, but inside lap it up using their grooved tongue as it flows
    out of the wound. Chemicals in the Vampire [79]Bat's saliva both stop
    the blood from clotting and numb the area of skin around the bite to
                   prevent the host from feeling anything.

                  Vampire [80]Bat [81]Predators and Threats
    Despite being a unique and versatile [82]predator itself, the Vampire
      [83]Bat is still [84]prey to other [85]animals, that can hunt the
        [86]bat in the air when it comes out to hunt at night. Large,
    sharp-eyed [87]Birds Of [88]Prey such as Hawks and [89]Eagles are the
   most common [90]predators of the Vampire [91]Bat, along with [92]Snakes
    that hunt the [93]Bats in their dark caverns while they are sleeping
     during the day. [94]Humans though are one of their biggest threats,
   mainly farmers that are known to poison the [95]Bats that commonly feed
   on their livestock. These poisons (known as vampiricides) are specially
   designed to spread throughout the whole colony through social grooming,
                 killing hundreds of individuals at a time.

               Vampire [96]Bat Interesting Facts and Features
       Vampire [97]Bats feed exclusively on the blood of warm-blooded
    [98]animals, drinking up to a teaspoon (25ml) of blood per 30 minute
   feed. Once having feasted on their host however, the [99]Bats are then
      so bloated that they can barely [100]fly with their weight almost
     having doubled. It is said that in just one year, an average sized
   Vampire [101]Bat colony can drink the blood of 25 [102]Cows, but their
     metabolism is so fast that they must feed every two days to ensure
     their survival (blood is very nutritious containing high amounts of
       water). The nearly 20 teeth in the [103]Bat's mouth are mostly
       redundant due to their liquid [104]diet, apart from the set of
          razor-sharp incisors at the front used for biting flesh.

                  Vampire [105]Bat Relationship with Humans
      The vampire [106]Bat is one of the only [107]Bat species that is
     considered a pest by [108]Humans. Farmers particularly have a very
     strained relationship with these flying [109]mammals, that feed on
     their sleeping [110]Cows under the cover of night. Even though the
    amount of blood consumed by the [111]Bat is minimal and does not harm
   the [112]animal, it is the bite itself that can cause problems becoming
   infected or diseased. Farmers have not only attempted to poison entire
      colonies but are also known to destroy their daytime lairs using
   dynamite, often eliminating thousands of Vampire [113]Bat individuals,
   and a number of other species. Fictional tales of Vampire [114]Bats and
       their overly-exaggerated feeding habits has also increased the
                          superstition about them.

          Vampire [115]Bat [116]Conservation Status and Life Today
    All three subspecies of Vampire [117]Bat have been listed as being of
   Least Concern of becoming extinct in the wild in the immediate future,
      due to the fact that they are widespread and feed on a variety of
   warm-blooded [118]animals. Deforestation of their natural [119]habitats
   along with persistent [120]Human efforts to eradicate who colonies at a
       time however, have led to population declines in certain areas.
   Scientists have also discovered though that the anti-coagulant found in
     the [121]Bat's saliva, proves to more effective at preventing blood
    clotting than any medicine, meaning that this could have significant
      positive implications for patients with strokes or heart attacks.

     IFRAME: [122]http://a-z-animals.com/media/ads/advertising-468.html

Vampire Bat Comments (11)


   Javan

   "10-10"

   Linden

   "Love this! Helps so much!"

   i love bate

   "i love this page it is so true"

   Showing 3 of 11 comments.

   [123]Show More Comments

                                Post Comment



           Your Name:

                     __________________________________________________

      Article Rating:

                     [10 - Great!]

      Your Comment:


                     ________________________________________
                     ________________________________________
                     ________________________________________
                     ________________________________________
                     ________________________________________
                                                           Post Comment

                          Vampire Bat Translations



             Catalan Català
                     Fil·lostòmid

             German  Deutsch
                     Blattnasen

             English English
                     Leaf-nosed bat


             Spanish   Español
                       Phyllostomidae

             French    Français
                       Phyllostomidae

             Hungarian Magyar
                       Hártyásorrú denevérek


             Dutch      Nederlands
                        Bladneusvleermuizen van de Nieuwe Wereld

             Polish     Polski
                        Liścionosowate

             Portuguese Português
                        Phyllostomidae


             Swedish Svenska
                     Bladnäsor

             Chinese 中文
                     葉口蝠科

                                Article Tools



   [printer.png] [124]Print Article
   View printer friendly version of Vampire Bat article.

   [sound.png] [125]Listen to Article
   Listen to audio version of Vampire Bat article. Hot key: CTRL key +
   Shift key + Z key

                              Vampire Bat Facts


   [126]Kingdom:
   Five groups that classify all living things...
   Animalia
   [127]Phylum:
   A group of animals within the animal kingdom...
   Chordata
   [128]Class:
   A group of animals within a pylum...
   Mammalia
   [129]Order:
   A group of animals within a class...
   Chiroptera
   [130]Family:
   A group of animals within an order...
   Phyllostomidae
   [131]Scientific Name:
   Comprised of the genus followed by the species...
   Desmodontinae
   [132]Common Name:
   Most widely used name for the species...
   Vampire Bat
   [133]Group:
   The domestic group such as cat or dog...
   Mammal
   Number Of Species: 3
   Location: Central and South America
   [134]Habitat:
   The specific area where the animal lives...
   Tropical and subtropical regions
   [135]Colour:
   The colour of the animal's coat or markings...
   Brown, Grey, Black
   [136]Skin Type:
   The protective layer of the animal...
   Fur
   [137]Size (H):
   How long (L) or tall (H) the animal is...
   7cm - 9.5cm (2.75in - 3.75in)
   [138]Wing Span:
   The measurement from one wing tip to the other...
   15cm - 18cm (5.9in - 7in)
   [139]Weight:
   The measurement of how heavy the animal is...
   19g - 57g (0.7oz - 2oz)
   [140]Top Speed:
   The fastest recorded speed of the animal...
   40km/h (25mph)
   [141]Diet:
   What kind of foods the animal eats...
   Carnivore
   [142]Prey:
   The food that the animal gains energy from...
   Cows, Pigs, Tapir
   [143]Predators:
   Other animals that hunt and eat the animal...
   Eagles. Hawks, Humans
   [144]Lifestyle:
   Whether the animal is solitary or sociable...
   Nocturnal
   Group Behaviour: Solitary
   [145]Life Span:
   How long the animal lives for...
   8 - 12 years
   Age Of Sexual Maturity: 9 - 10 months
   Gestation Period: 3 - 4 months
   [146]Average Litter Size:
   The average number of babies born at once...
   1
   Name Of Young: Pup
   Age Of Weaning: 3 - 5 months
   [147]Conservation Status:
   The likelihood of the animal becoming extinct...
   Least Concern
   Estimated Population Size: Sustainable
   Biggest Threat: Habitat loss
   Most Distinctive Feature: Razor-sharp front teeth
   Fun Fact: Have a heat sensor on the end of their nose!

   

No comments:

Post a Comment

Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.